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The review article presents data concerning pathogenetic mechanisms of acute pancreatitis development and poly-organ insufficiency. It was shown IL-1 is among important factors that may determine a severity degree of pancreatitis. Production of this cytokine provides clinical features of acute pancreatitis, as well as direct cytotoxic effect upon tumor cells. The article also deals with intensified lipid superoxide generation caused by IL-1. Upon development of inflammatory events, interactions between free radicals and membrane lipids provide synthesis of superoxide compounds that display distinct chemotactic activity towards phagocytes and other immunocompetent cells.

The study was carried out in the patients with bulky masses in the liver. Acute hepatic failure was initiated by resection of the liver. In the patients with bulky masses in the liver, increased serum levels of the common cytokines were detected during postoperative period. The blood contents of IL-1β and IL-6 are directly dependent on the surgery-related factors (extent of resection, duration of hepatoduodenal ligation, blood loss volume), that may be employed for prediction of disease course and planning surgical treatment. Determination of a level IL-1β and IL-6 levels is a diagnostic index of liver damage, and it may be used for evaluation of the postresection hepatic failure.

The review article deals with modern aspects of liver immune status in hepatic insufficiency caused by hepatobiliary disorders. The mechanisms of cytokine effects are substantiated, as well as their action upon clinical course of hepatic insufficiency, and their influence upon development of potential post-surgical complications is discussed.