Search

A espécie Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, pertencente à família Anacardiaceae, e conhecida popularmente como aroeira-vermelha, apresenta rápido crescimento, com potencial madeireiro, valor fitoterápico, sendo amplamente utilizada na recuperação de áreas degradadas, além de apresentar tolerância à seca. Nas regiões semiáridas, a alternância das estações chuvosas e as oscilações sazonais na temperatura influenciam os fenômenos cíclicos que determinam o crescimento vegetativo e reprodutivo das plantas. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a influência dos pulsos de precipitação pluvial nas fenofases reprodutivas em S. terebinthifolius, conhecer os padrões fenológicos reprodutivos e a capacidade germinativa dessas sementes, além de fornecer informações sobre a melhor época de obtenção de sementes na área experimental. O registro dos dados fenológicos foi realizado entre a primeira quinzena de junho de 2020 e a segunda quinzena de maio de 2021. Estudos fenológicos de intensidade e atividade das fenofases correlacionaram-se com a precipitação, no período de junho/2020 a maio/2021, na área de caatinga, mostrando que a floração e frutificação, e consequentemente, a produção e obtenção de sementes de S. terebinthifolius foram influenciadas pela variação temporal e espacial das chuvas.

Beans are extremely important for the Brazilian economy, are part of the diet, are very nutritious and have great commercial value, with high production due to their ability to adapt to different edaphoclimatic conditions. Traditional peoples produce seeds of local varieties, called creole seeds. They are resistant because they retain relevant characteristics left as an inheritance from their ancestors, who, free of charge, provided an environmental service for the preservation and perpetuation of this genetic heritage. Based on this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the adherent agents palm extract, aloe vera extract and sugar syrup in the pelleting of creole bean seeds (Minguita) with rock dust. The work was carried out in the Laboratory of Phytotechnics belonging to the Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Alagoas. As adherent agents were used: water, palm extract, aloe vera extract and sugar solution. Rock dust (MB-4) was used for the coating. The evaluated parameters were: water content, weight of a thousand seeds, first germination count, germination, germination speed index, average germination time, germination uncertainty, length of root and aerial part and dry mass of seedlings. Palm is the most efficient adherent agent in the pelleting of bean seeds with rock dust, and can therefore be recommended for sustainable pelleting.

Sesame is a plant with great economic and social potential, being used for various purposes such as the food, pharmaceutical, medicinal industries, and more recently, as a source of renewable energy for the production of biofuel. One of the factors that most limit the productivity of this crop is salt stress. Based on this, the present work aimed to evaluate the germination and vigor of hybrid and creoles sesame seeds subjected to saline stress. The experiment was carried out at the Phytotechnics Laboratory of the Engineering and Agricultural Sciences Campus/UFAL. Two sesame cultivars were studied, BRS Anahí and Creole from the state of Sergipe. The seeds were aseptically treated by immersion in 70% alcohol for 1 minute, followed by washing in running water before being subjected to the treatments. To simulate salt stress, sodium chloride (NaCl) was used as a solute at concentrations of 0.0 (control); -0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4 and -0.5 MPa. The material was placed, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) germination type chamber, regulated at an alternate temperature of 20-30 °C. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications of 25 seeds per treatments in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme (sesame cultivars x saline concentrations). Data were submitted to analysis of variance and polynomial regression, and the analyzes were performed using the SISVAR 5.6 software. The parameters evaluated were: water content, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling length and dry mass. The results for the germination of sesame seeds submitted to salt stress showed that as the salinity levels increased there was a reduction in the percentage of germination of the sesame seeds studied, but until the concentration of -0.4 MPa they are within the standards allowed for commercialization of that culture. In the first count of germination, the Creoles sesame seeds showed the highest values, demonstrating better germination performance compared to BRS Anahí. In the germination speed index, BRS Anahí outperformed Creoles in all salt concentrations, except for the control. For seedling length, it was found that at the lowest salt concentrations both sesame varieties obtained the highest averages, with a significant reduction in length at the highest concentration (-0.5). The dry mass of the seedlings decreased as the water salinity increased, being more evident after the -0.3 MPa NaCl solution, especially for BRS Anahí. Thus, it can be concluded that salinity affects the physiological potential of sesame seeds, being more evident when at salt concentrations from -0.3 MPa. Creoles sesame seeds are less sensitive to saline stress.