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Our study comprises a cases series of 71 men attending a dermatology clinic in Brazil during an 18-month period with anogenital HPV infection. Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and sociodemographic factors were evaluated. Biopsy samples were subjected to histopathological analysis, generic and type-specific viral identification, and p16 INK4a quantification. The average age at diagnosis was 33 years. We observed little variation in identified viral types (HPVs 6, 11, 16 and 53), despite the inclusion of 16 HIV+ patients. The presence of high-risk HPV was associated with receptive anal sex (p

HPV infection and associated diseases in the male population has assumed importance, especially because of the increase in incidence of anal carcinoma. The recognition that man is no longer mere infection vector for this disease is still poorly discussed, and can result in diagnostic losses and further increase in anogenital disease morbidity. In this study, we aimed to present a case of an atypical anogenital lesion caused by HPV infection in a HIV(-) male patient. Clinical exam showed perianal lesion. This lesion has been misdiagnosed and treated as herpes and candidiasis for almost ten years, when ulceration was observed, followed by purulent secretion. Histopathology showed intraepithelial neoplasia constituted by atypical keratinocytes, loss of polarity and corneal pearls compatible with Bowen’s disease. Specific PCR showed HPV 16 DNA in both episomal and integrated forms. Successful treatment was achieved by radiotherapy. The knowledge about the behavior of anogenital HPV infection in men is still unclear, even for high-risk groups such as MSM (men who have sex with men) and HIV seropositive. Therefore, several patients have been maintained without diagnosis, being regarded as sources of infection and even suffering from high-grade lesions with clinical unsatisfactory outcomes. Our goal with this case report is to contribute to the dissemination of an emerging problem, stimulating discussion and the search for new tools of early recognition and treatment of male anogenital lesions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17525/vrr.v18i1-2.64

Esophageal squamous cell papilloma (ESCP) is a prevalent lesion worldwide, with increasing occurrence rates. The possible role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of such lesions has aroused the interest on elucidating its natural history. In this report we studied an esophageal papilloma from a 27 year old female patient. HPV DNA was detected by generic PCR using MY09/11 primers and RFLP revealed the presence of HPV70, usually associated to benign genital lesions. Hypermethylation of p16 INK4A gene was also investigated, due to its relation to malignant transformation and a hypermethylation pattern was detected in the host gene. Except for recurrent dysphasia, risk factors were not recorded: cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, esophageal reflux or infected sexual partner. Since ESCP may have malignant potential, HPV detection and typing are useful tools in terms of follow-up. Besides that epigenetic events may represent additional risk for malignant transformation and thus can be a complementary biomarker. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17525/vrr.v17i1-2.61

In this study, we have sought to verify the prevalence ofhuman herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV-6, HHV-7) in the saliva of renal transplanted patients from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and compare results with those of healthy subjects, since Roseolovirus DNA detection in body fluids from transplanted patients has been associated with often misdiagnosed chronic symptoms, organ rejection and even death. The studied group was composed by 120 individuals: 60 were renal transplanted patients and 60 were healthy subjects attending the Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto, for odontological follow-up. Saliva specimens were submitted to a multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of HHV-6A, HHV-6B and HHV-7. The total Roseolovirus DNA prevalence was 56.7% for transplanted patients and 23.3% for healthy individuals (p

The present study aimed to investigate HPV prevalence associated with cervical cytology and to evaluate data from 140 HIV positive women routinely attended at an out-patient public gynecological service in Rio de Janeiro state. The CD4 cell counts and HIV-1 RNA levels were determined using standardized protocols. HPV status and HPV 16 detection were ascertained respectively by My09/11 consensus primers and type specific primers. Colpocytology was performed at the first or subsequent visit to the service. Among women, 98.6% of them were under antiviral treatment, 92.1% had over 200 CD4 cells/mm3, 62.9% had detectable HIV RNA, 60.7% were HPV infected and 21.2 % harbored the HPV type 16. Normal/inflammatory results were prevalent (57.1%) and 7.9% of the patients had HSIL. Studying demographic data and HIV markers that could affect HPV infection, we found that time elapsed since positive diagnosis of less than four years was a significant factor. First sexual intercourse beginning earlier than 17 years, people younger than 30 years and white ethnicity were also linked to HPV infection. Alcohol use was marginally related to HPV prevalence. Patients with severe immune depression were strongly predisposed to HPV infection (from 90.9% of patients carrying less than 200 cells/mm3 to 45.5% in those with CD4 cell level above 500 cells/mm3) and the development of cervical lesions. There was no relation between HIV immune status and HPV type 16, but HIV seropositive women with abnormal cytology were three times more likely to harbor this HPV type. The high HPV prevalence as opposed to absence of cancer cases was probably due to the moderate immune status of the women studied added to routine cancer prevention exams. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17525/vrrjournal.v13i1-2.15

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections of the genital tract are the most prevalent sexually transmitted viruses worldwide. Oncogenic HPV types cause pre-malignant lesions that can progress to cervical carcinoma. In the male genital tract, most HPV infections are sub-clinical and associated with a vicious circle [stet] of treatment-reinfection of women. Nevertheless, HPV pathogenic processes are still poorly understood. The literature suggests that different HPV types can be found among sexual partners. In our study, we aimed to verify HPV infections in female patients as well as in their sexual partners, to test this hypothesis. The HPV DNA prevalence in women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) was 92.5% compared with 25% for normal women, with a statistically significant difference (p