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In this study, eleven diabetic patients: 5, type 1 and 6, type 2 received a low-fiber diet (I) during 1 week and during the next 7 days the same diet, enriched with 40g of fiber (30,66% insoluble and 11,71% soluble components) from rice bran (II) per day. Results showed that mean fasting and postprandial serum glucose levels were reduced, but values of high fiber diet were significantly lower (p < 0,001) than that of the lower fiber diet. For all patients, the high-fiber diet increased fecal weight. This increase was due to the fiber excreted, rather than water retained. There was no relationship between the increase in fiber intake and its fecal excretion. Sucrose and raffinose were found in the bran, but not in the feces. Lactose was present in the stools of the patients receiving enriched diet.En el presente estudio, once pacientes diabéticos: 5, tipo 1 y 6, tipo 2 ingirieron durante una semana una dieta baja en fibra (I) y durante otros siete dias, otra, enriquecida con 40 g por dia de fibra (30,66% insoluble y 11,71% soluble) del salvado de arroz (II). Los resultados mostraron que el valor medio de las glucemias de ayuno y posprandial fue reducido (p < 0,001) cuando fueron sometidos la dieta II. En cada paciente, la dieta alta en fibra provocó aumento en el peso fecal. Esta elevación se debió a la fibra excretada que al agua retenida. Pero no hubo correspondencia entre el aumento en el consumo de fibra y la excreción fecal. Se constató la presencia en lo salvado de arroz, de sacarosa y rafinosa, que no fueron encontrados en heces. Se en registro la presencia de lactosa en heces cuando pacientes ingirieron dieta alta en fibra.

In this study, eleven diabetic patients: 5, type 1 and 6, type 2 received a low-fiber diet (I) during 1 week and during the next 7 days the same diet, enriched with 40g of fiber (30,66% insoluble and 11,71% soluble components) from rice bran (II) per day. Results showed that mean fasting and postprandial serum glucose levels were reduced, but values of high fiber diet were significantly lower (p < 0,001) than that of the lower fiber diet. For all patients, the high-fiber diet increased fecal weight. This increase was due to the fiber excreted, rather than water retained. There was no relationship between the increase in fiber intake and its fecal excretion. Sucrose and raffinose were found in the bran, but not in the feces. Lactose was present in the stools of the patients receiving enriched diet.

Anemia and undernutrition are common all over the world, especially in less developed countries. The relationship between low weight, short stature and iron deficiency should be better understood so that appropriate measures might be taken to prevent these problems. A total of 115 institutionalized children aged 12 to 72 months were studied in day-care insitutions in the town of Pontal, Southeastern Brazil, during the second semester of 1999. Personal data, weight, height and hematological profile were obtained from all subjects. Food intake was evaluated in 20 children by a direct food-weighing method. The prevalence of low weight for age (2.6%), low weight for height (1.7%) and low height for age (4.3%) was considered low. Anemia was observed in 68.7% of the children. Diet was found to be adequate in terms of the major nutrients evaluated, but food iron supply was of low bioavailability. In conclusion, the population studied revealed a peculiar behavior i.e., the coexistence of fairly good anthropometric nutritional status along with iron-deficiency anemia. The prevention of this kind of malnutrition cannot be limited to an adequate calorie/protein supply but should also be based on the correction of the severe iron deficiency present in this low socioeconomic level preschool children in Brazil.Crescimento e estado nutricional de ferro em crianças brasileiras de baixo nível sócio-econômico. Anemia e Subnutrição são problemas comuns em todo o mundo, especialmente nos países menos desenvolvidos. A relação entre baixo peso e baixa estatura e a deficiência de ferro precisam ser melhor compreendidas para que se possam instituir medidas de combate adequadas. Foram avaliadas 115 crianças institucionalizadas, com idades entre 12 e 72 meses, no segundo semestre de 1999, na cidade de Pontal, Sudeste do Brasil. Obtiveram-se Dados Pessoais, Peso, Estatura e dados Hematológicos. A partir de uma amostra de 20 crianças, foi realizada avaliação da alimentação através do método de Pesagem Direta dos Alimentos. As Prevalências de Baixo Peso para Idade (2,6%), Baixo Peso para Estatura (1,7%) e Baixa Estatura para Idade (4,3%) foram consideradas baixas. Observou-se Anemia em 68,7% das crianças. A alimentação revelou-se em geral adequada para os nutrientes avaliados mas observou-se que o ferro oferecido era de baixa biodisponibilidade. Em conclusão, a população estudada revelou um aspecto bastante peculiar isto é, a coexistência de bom estado nutricional antropométrico e anemia ferropriva. A prevenção desse tipo de subnutrição não pode se limitar ao adequado fornecimento de calorias e proteínas mas deve levar em conta, também, a presença marcante da deficiência de ferro nessa população carente do Brasil.

Nutritional iron deficiency anemia is considered the main public health problem of poor less-developed and developing countries. The World Health Organization has estimated that 1.5-2.0 billion persons are anemic. It has been said that close to 1 million deaths are linked to iron deficiency anemia. The groups most vulnerable to this form of anemia are said to be small children and women of reproductive age. Our goal is to show that iron fortification in the water, will control anemia. The method used was a literature review. Methods have been identified to control anemia, but the fortification of water is a more efficient, low cost, reaches the entire population, prevents and treats deficiency anemia. We concluded that the iron fortification of drinking water at home is a simple, effective, and low-priced approach for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia prevalent in poor and developing countries.