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Background: Finding the factors that may affect performance of fine and gross motor skills in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is of great importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the correlations between physical activity (PA) participation and anthropometric features with gross and fine motor skills in school children with ADHD.Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The study participants were 320 students with ADHD (including 120 girls; mean age of 7.86±0.89 years) from Tehran, Iran, in 2023. To assess PA, anthropometric features and motor proficiency, the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) scale (scores range from 0 to 7), standard tools such as a meter and scale, and the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (scores from 0-53, and 0-51 for gross and fine skills, respectively) were used. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and Pearson correlation test.Results: The participants had a relatively low level of PA (mean=2.23±1.07). Moreover, boys exhibited significantly higher proficiency in gross motor skills compared with girls (t=6.282, P

Background: Finding the factors that may affect performance of fine and gross motor skills in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is of great importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the correlations between physical activity (PA) participation and anthropometric features with gross and fine motor skills in school children with ADHD. Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The study participants were 320 students with ADHD (including 120 girls; mean age of 7.86±0.89 years) from Tehran, Iran, in 2023. To assess PA, anthropometric features and motor proficiency, the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) scale (scores range from 0 to 7), standard tools such as a meter and scale, and the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (scores from 0-53, and 0-51 for gross and fine skills, respectively) were used. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and Pearson correlation test. Results: The participants had a relatively low level of PA (mean=2.23±1.07). Moreover, boys exhibited significantly higher proficiency in gross motor skills compared with girls (t=6.282, P<0.001), while girls demonstrated significantly higher proficiency in fine motor skills (P<0.001). Also, PA was directly and significantly associated with both gross (r=0.593, P<0.001) and fine motor skills (r=0.478, P<0.001). Moreover, body mass index showed an inverse and significant correlation with gross motor skill (r=-0.681, P<0.001). Conclusions: These findings emphasized the importance of promoting more PA and height-to-weight matching processes for optimal motor growth in children with ADHD. Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate programs aimed at enhancing motor skills in children during physical education lessons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-reported instruments have suggested that physical activity correlates with motor proficiency in children. However, due to inherent biases and low accuracy of self-reported instruments, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured physical activity (via accelerometer) and motor proficiency in children. Methods: This study is a descriptive-correlational investigation involving 384 children (comprising 192 boys and 192 girls), aged 7 to 9 years (with a mean age of 7.96±0.73 years). These participants were in the first and second grades from regular primary schools in Tehran, Iran, during 2022, and were selected through a convenience sampling method. We employed the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer for an objective measurement of physical activity. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency's short form was used to evaluate the children's motor proficiency. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The children did not meet the WHO guidelines recommending 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day. Boys had significantly more MVPA than girls (P<0.001). The results revealed that sedentary time had a significant inverse relationship with both gross (r=-0.681, P<0.001) and fine (r=-0.584, P<0.001) motor skills. Moreover, objectively measured physical activity (via accelerometer) showed a direct and significant correlation with gross motor skills (r=0.710, P<0.001), but not with fine motor skills (r=0.064, P=0.307). Sedentary time significantly and inversely impacted both gross (β=-0.68) and fine motor skills (β=-0.58). Furthermore, objective physical activity (measured by accelerometer) had a direct and significant impact on gross motor skills (β=0.71). Conclusions: These findings underscore the necessity to enhance the level of physical activity in children, particularly in girls. We also recommend that physical education teachers and sports coaches incorporate programs in their physical education lessons designed to facilitate motor skills development in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-reported instruments have suggested that physical activity correlates with motor proficiency in children. However, due to inherent biases and low accuracy of self-reported instruments, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured physical activity (via accelerometer) and motor proficiency in children.Methods: This study is a descriptive-correlational investigation involving 384 children (comprising 192 boys and 192 girls), aged 7 to 9 years (with a mean age of 7.96±0.73 years). These participants were in the first and second grades from regular primary schools in Tehran, Iran, during 2022, and were selected through a convenience sampling method. We employed the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer for an objective measurement of physical activity. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency’s short form was used to evaluate the children’s motor proficiency. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The children did not meet the WHO guidelines recommending 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day. Boys had significantly more MVPA than girls (P