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This study was conducted to determine the levels of melatonin in the day and night milk of Holstein and Jersey cows. In the study, samples of daytime milk produced from 27 head of Holstein and 27 head of Jersey cows in the first lactation, which were raised in a private dairy cattle enterprise in the Kaşınhanı neighborhood of Meram district of Konya city Turkey, and night milk samples taken from the same cows that were blackened for one (1) week were used. Melatonin levels in milk samples taken from day and night milk were determined separately for Holstein and Jersey cows with the help of Bovine Melatonin (MLT) Elisa Kit. In the study, it was determined that the ratio of melatonin in day and night milk in Holstein cows was 2.912 pg/ml and 11.314 pg/ml, respectively, and the ratio of melatonin in Jersey cows was 2.924 pg/ml and 6.954 pg/ml in the same order. The difference between the melatonin levels of the day and night milk of Holstein and Jersey cows was found to be statistically significant (p<0.01). At the end of the study, it can be stated that night milk can be used for medical purposes and a new production source may arise for producers since there is a significant difference in melatonin between day and night milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7) which is an opioid peptide during digestion of A1 milk, has been claimed as a possible cause of some health problems. There are some studies about the role of β-casomorphin-7 in some diseases such as type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, autism, schizophrenia, sudden infant death syndrome, apnea, constipation. For example, β-casomorphin-7 destroys pancreatic β cells, leading to the emergence of type 1 diabetes. It effects T and B cells related to immunity and negatively effects the autoimmune system. The aim of this study is to reveal the diseases that can caused by β- casomorphin-7 in terms of both animal and human health, in this way to contribute to the reduction of the costs of animal and human health and to create an awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk proteins are generally composed of proteins such as casein, lactalbumin, lactoglobulin, blood serum albumin, and immunoglobulin. One of them, casein from milk proteins consists of fractions such as alpha, beta, kappa and gamma. Beta casein gene in cattle consists of 209 amino acids and contains proline amino acid (CCT) at 67th position of the amino acid sequence. The milk obtained from animals with this genotype is defined as the original A2 milk. Proline/Histidine amino acid substitution (C/A) at 67th position of the amino acid sequence results in the beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7) which is a naturally occurring opioid peptide from cow's milk. By this substitution (CAT), the milk obtained from animals with genotypes (A1A1 or A1A2) is defined as the A1 milk. BCM-7 is a polypeptide consisting of 7 amino acids and is produced from A1 milk during digestion of beta-casein protein. As a result, BCM-7 has harmful effects on human health. The aim of this study is to raise awareness in the field of animal science as well as to contribute to the taking of professional measures by using the literature on A1 / A2 milk and beta-casomorphin-7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to estimate live weight, live weight gain and feed consumption values by using the means of body measurements (height at withers, height at rump, chest girth, chest depth, body length, leg girth) of Anatolian Merino male lambs at fattening period. The correlation coefficient between live weight and body measurements changed from 0.674 to 0.788 and were statistically significant (p<0.01). When live weight gain only significantly related to live weight (p<0.05), the relationships between feed consumption and height at withers, height at rump, chest depth, live weight (p<0.01) and body length, leg girth (p<0.05) were found to be significant. Live weight were estimated by using only chest girth as LW=-51.8+1.04CG, due to its high and statistically significant relationship between final body weights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine the effect of different initial live weighs on fattening performance of Anatolian Merino male lambs. For this aim, three groups whose initial live weights were 25, 30 and 35 kg were formed and approximately three months aged seven lambs were contained in each group. Body measurements were determined weekly for a fattening period lasted 63 days. In the end of the study, mean total live weight gains of the groups were 19.29, 19.43 and 20.43kg, daily live weight gains were 306, 308 and 324g, daily concentrate feed intake were 1.464, 1.620 and 1.663 kg and feed conversion ratios were 4.78, 5.25 and 5.13 respectively, The differences among groups in terms of daily live weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not statistically significant, but the differences for daily feed intake were significant (P< 0.05). As a result, initial live weight differences among groups maintained for the whole fattening period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]