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BACKGROUND: Children with leukemia will be treated for a quite long period of time that they will be subjected to multiple invasive procedures, one of which is IV-line insertion. This procedure can cause stress, which increases cortisol levels in the body. AIM: This study aimed to investigate how IV-line insertion affected cortisol levels as a stress biomarker in children. METHODS: This is a single-group pre-test and post-test design pre-experimental study. The study enrolled 30 children undergoing IV line insertion, aged from 6 to 18 years, who had not been eating or drinking for 30 min before the saliva sampling was scheduled to get IV-line insertion. The ELISA test was used to measure the salivary cortisol. If the difference in the cortisol levels is > 0.05 ng/ml, it is clinically significant. Furthermore, the Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the data. Cortisol changes were considered statistically significant if the p-value was 0.05 ng/ml difference indicates that IV-line insertion affects cortisol elevation. The Wilcoxon test showed a value of p = 0.34 (p > 0.05) indicating that IV-line insertion had no statistically significant effect on cortisol. CONCLUSION: Although an IV-line insertion does not have a statistically significant effect on cortisol, it clinically influences the increase of cortisol in children with leukemia.

Introduction: Intravenous therapy is one of the most common procedures in patients hospitalized. Applying Intravenous Catheter procedure requires obedience in order not to cause infections that can cause phlebitis. The characteristics of nurses are predicted to influence Obedience to intravenous catheter installation procedures. Objective: This study aims to analyze factors affecting obedience of nurses in applying intravenous catheter procedure. Methods: Research objectives to analysis the characteristics factor of nurses related to Obedience to applying intravenous catheter procedures. Samples of nurses in the Mitra Keluarga Surabaya Hospital, with a total of 93 respondents selected with a simple random sampling technique. Independent variables in this study are age, education, career ladders, knowledge, attitudes. Dependent variables are the obedience of nurses. The instruments used are questionnaires and observation sheets. Data was analysed using Chi Square and logistics regression test. Main Findings: The results of the study showed that nurses in Mitra Keluarga Surabaya Hospital are mostly 26 - 35-year-old respondents, mostly educated Nurse Profession Program, mostly a career ladder of Clinical nurse II, and mostly are obedient. The factors that affect the obedience of nurses in Applying Intravenous Catheter Procedure are age (0.03), Education (0.000), career level (0.001), knowledge (0.029), Attitude (0.000). Of these 5 factors after being tested with multiple-logistic regression, the most influential of obedience is the attitude, with the largest B value of 53.748 p = 0.000. Conclusion: For hospitals it is expected to make efforts to increase the obedience of nurses by providing training on safe injection and providing supervision to the nurse in order to comply with intravenous catheter procedure.

BACKGROUND: Nursing as a professional education must have a solid professional foundation to encourage nursing professionals’ attitude, behavior, and ability to carry out the nursing practice. AIM: This study aims to review the effectiveness of virtual simulations (vSIMs) in clinical nursing education in increasing the clinical knowledge and skills of new nurses and nursing students. METHODS: A literature review using the PRISMA method from the online database Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed with the keywords vSIM, clinical nursing education, knowledge, and nursing skills from 2016 to 2020. RESULTS: It was found that 162 articles were found. Then, 25 articles can be reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reviewed articles used a quasi-experimental design. While articles in the form of pilot projects, literature/systematic reviews, qualitative, and descriptive studies were excluded from the study. Based on the review of articles, it was found that, on average, they discussed the effectiveness of vSIMs used in the clinical learning process in hospitals. It can be applied to new nurses and nursing students. CONCLUSION: Virtual simulation is useful for learning new skills; practicing skills that combine content, critical thinking, and psychomotor elements; learning skills competencies, and the ability to make decisions. In the era of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, vSIM is a safe and realistic nursing education technology for nurses and nursing students.

BACKGROUND: Management of health problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis is quite complicated, fluid restriction, diet, following treatment recommendations, and managing physical activity are problems that are often difficult to manage. Self-regulation of HD patients is needed to maintain adherence regarding fluid restriction, diet, medication, and physical activity management. AIM: We aimed to investigate self-care adherence in hemodialysis patients with a structural equation modeling. METHODS: One hundred and thirty patients with the hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease took part in a quantitative cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The researchers investigated personality traits, information factors, emotional factors, disease representation, motivation, appraisal, coping, and self-care adherence. CONCLUSION: Except for motivation, which has no direct effect on coping (T-statistic = 1.666), almost every construct in this model significantly affects coping.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Quality of Nursing Work-Life has become a major factor in influencing the quality of nursing services. Meanwhile, the caringbehavior that is shown by nurses can predict the value of their work quality AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to assess the QNWL and to identify the predictors based on Swanson's theory of caring including compassion,competence, and upholding trust. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional studies were conducted in a nurse at a hospital in Tulungagung and a hospital in Banyuwangi (n = 420 by simple random sampling) from January to April 2021. The instrument in this study was developed by standard guidelines of Swanson's theory andQNWL's instruments. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors. RESULTS: The mean score of QNWL was 132.05 (SD = 0.936) (range of possible score = 32 - 160). Upholding trust (0.01), Compassion (0.03), and competence (0.02) significantly predicted QNWL (R Square = 0.795). CONCLUSION: The constructs of Swanson's Theory significantly predicted QNWL. This study supports an investigation about the factors underlying QNWL on a larger scale, as well as the identification of targets in designing future interventions.

BACKGROUND: The quality of life (QoL) of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients affects the health condition of HIV/AIDS patients and can cause the condition to worsen, the role of peer groups is very important in increasing the morale of the patients. AIM: This review aims to analyze the effectiveness of Peer Group Support to Increase Health Related to QoL among HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS: A systematic review conducted on September–December 2020 using five electronic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest). The study mean was quasi-experimental and randomized control and trial design. The Center for Review and Dissemination and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline used to assess quality and PRISMA checklist to guide this review. Title, abstract, full-text, and methodology were assessed for the eligibility of the studies, and result synthesis was analyzed using narrative for every themes. RESULTS: Twenty three studies were found and met inclusion criteria in the review after risk of bias had assessed. The entire article discusses the benefits of peer group support in improving the QoL of HIV/AIDS patients, including: (1) Being a storyteller; (2) provide mutual motivation; (3) success story; (4) increase resilience; (5) preventing negative stigma; and (6) improve patient’s feelings so that immunity continues to improve. CONCLUSION: Based on the summary of the study, it shows that peer group support is very useful in improving the QoL of HIV/AIDS patients, because it can monitor each other’s health conditions.

BACKGROUND: Infant and under-five children diarrhea in Indonesia is a health problem that seriously impacts death. AIM: The main objective of this study was to determine the most significant factors that influence infant and under-five children diarrhea between the years 2012 and 2017. METHODS: This study used data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey of 2012 and 2017 with a cross-sectional design. We modeled the infant and under-five of age children diarrhea as categorical dependent variable (diarrhea vs. no diarrhea of the infant and under-five of age children). At the same time, 14 covariates are used as an independent variable using χ2 statistic and multiple logistic regression (MLR). FINDINGS: For infant diarrhea, television as an information resources showed the highest positive coefficient (OR = 1.966; β = 3.35; and p = 0.001) significant covariate for 2012. Higher mother education was negative correlation (β = –2.31 and p = 0.021) for infant diarrhea in 2017. For under-five children diarrhea, reading newspaper and magazine < 1 a week showed positive coefficients (OR = 1.059; β = 2.62; and p = 0.009) for 2012. Sex of household head female showed the highest positive coefficient (OR = 1.387; β = 2.82; and p = 0.005) for under-five children diarrhea in 2017. CONCLUSIONS: The finding has important policy implications for infant and under-five of age diarrhea intervention programs. Thus, activities focus on the proper hygienic toilet, improving health information from newspapers, magazines, and TV.

Background : Elderly with dementia through a decline in degenerative brain function is characterized by a progressive loss of memory function and other cognitive abilities, the number of which is increasing in almost all countries. Dementia is a degenerative disease that requires long-term treatment, experienced by a number of the elderly population (over 60 years) (Vega SFD, 2018). Dementia can ultimately affect social activities so that in general it affects the independence of the elderly in daily activities. Methods:The research design used in this research is descriptive analytical research design. The population involved in this study is the elderly in Surabaya, Indonesia, which is also the research sample for those who meet the criteria. These criteria include the elderly who are 60 years old, the elderly who are registered at the Community Health Center or Integrated Service Post, are diagnosed with dementia, do not include confirmed cases of COVID-19, live with family, have family members with a minimum high school education of at least 20 years, have and is able to operate Android mobile media, and does not suffer from complications. The sampling technique used in this study was simple random sampling with 100 respondents. Result : there are three levels of independence for the elderly with dementia, namely low independence as many as 35 respondents (35%), moderate independence as many as 51 respondents (51%), and high independence as many as 14 respondents (14%). These results are influenced by the characteristics of the elderly, family factors, and health services. Conclusion : Furthermore, most of the level of independence of the elderly is moderate independence. It is hoped that the elderly can increase their level of independence. The role of various lines is needed to support this including families and health workers, but the role of the elderly itself is also an important point to increase the independence of the elderly.

Women's empowerment considered vital in child nutrition and being considered important throughout the first 1000 days of life. Inadequate access to food and child feeding practices are the root causes of nutritional problems in children. Mothers play an essential role in parenting, particularly when it comes to child feeding. However, there are no systematic review available in regarding the correlation between women's empowerment and child nutrition. The aims of this study is to review the correlation between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children, more research should use a longitudinal study design to conduct pathway and lifecycle analysis in appropriate populations to clarify the relationship between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children. We included English materials published between Science Direct, Pubmed, Research Gate and Google Scholar was used to find studies related to women's empowerment and children's nutritional status between 2016- 2021. 1025 studies were generated using tittle and abstract. We scanned the whole text of 538 of them, as well as 25 other research that the authors were aware of. Only 8 papers met our criteria for inclusion. Within three categories of empowerment, information was extracted and synthesized: resources, agency, and achievement. Accessing and distributing resources for household childcare is a challenge. Agency is a process of women's empowerment that includes mobility, decision-making, authority, motivation, skill, knowledge, and mother's role, all of which can help mothers improve their children's nutrition. The well-being of family members, nutritional status, and anthropometric rise as age progresses are all benefits of women's empowerment. Women's empowerment was found to be connected with nutritional status WAZ, HAZ, WHZ, and child anthropometry in general, however the data were inconsistent. These inconsistencies were most likely caused by population features, situations, or methods/ conceptualizations of women's empowerment, as well as the specific domains researched. This study also found that different categories of women's empowerment may have varied relationships with child nutrition. Future study should focus on harmonizing definitions of women's empowerment, as well as determining which essential dimensions it should contain and how it should be quantified. In order to determine which policies and programs enhance women's empowerment and, as a result, foster child nutritional well-being, rigorous evaluation work is also required.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia is increasing in which it has an impact on psychosocial conditions for everyone. COVID-19 patients feel low and afraid because of without family assistance while being treated in the room so that the patient's self-efficacy and confidence decrease in carrying out patient self-care. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of giving carative caring and cognitive behavioral therapy on self-efficacy and self-care for COVID-19 patients. Methods: The sampling technique used consecutive sampling to determine the sample according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a total sample of 106 respondents who were divided into 53 intervention groups and 53 control group respondents. The instruments used in this study were the caring behaviors assessment tool to measure carative caring. General self-efficacy was used to measure self-efficacy and exercise of self-care agency was used to measure self-care for COVID-19 patients. The data were analyzed using the t-test with a significant level of p

BACKGROUND: Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Proper management for CHD patients is needed to reduce mortality. Nurses have a very important role in making CHD patients can carry out optimal health behaviors. AIM: This review study aims to identify the effect of the nurse-led program on CHD patients. METHODS: This systematic review was based on four electronic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, SAGE Journals) and published between 2011 and 2020. This review used the Joanna Briggs Institute and Prisma guidelines. The study’s eligibility was assessed from the title, abstract, research methodology, and full text. The review results were presented in tabulated data and narrative form. RESULTS: Nine articles showed that the nurse-led program significantly improved health behavior, health-related quality of life, clinical outcome, and illness perception in CHD patients. CONCLUSIONS: It is expected that the improvement of management in CHD patients will improve patients’ quality of life. Hence, it could reduce the number of morbidities and mortality.

The quality of nursing services has a direct impact on the level of client satisfaction. The marketing wave of health services has now changed from the era of service excellence to the era of care with character so that caring behavior is the main principle in the quality of nursing services. This research is a quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. This research has been conducted at the Regional General Hospital Dr. Iskak Tulungagung and the Blambangan Regional General Hospital Banyuwangi. Respondents involved in this study amounted to 180 respondents. The research variables are Organizational Characteristics, Individual Chatacteristics, Work Characteristics, Technological Factors, Culture-based Caring, Quality of Nursing Work Life, and Quality of Nursing Services. The data in this study were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques using SEM PLS. Organizational characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Individual characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Work characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Technological factors increase culture-based caring.

BACKGROUND: In the context of community empowerment, the role of nurses as health workers is very important to transform the knowledge and skills of cadres. However, the support of nurses in empowering human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) health cadres has not been widely explained. AIM: This study examines the effect of nurse support and empowerment on the ability of HIV/AIDS cadres to assist mothers with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional approach. We involved 119 HIV/AIDS cadres including local residents who care about AIDS (WPA, n = 90), facilitators of families of hope (PKH, n = 17), and peer support groups (KDS, n = 12). Data collection was carried out from February to April 2020, the sample was selected using multistage cluster sampling in Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the support of nurses, empowerment of HIV/AIDS cadres, and its effect on the ability of cadres in assisting women with HIV/AIDS. RESULTS: We found that nurses’ support for the empowerment of HIV/AIDS cadres was low in almost all aspects (instrumental, informational, emotional, and affiliation). Nurse support and cadre empowerment affect the ability of HIV/AIDS cadres by 28%. Regression test formula Y = −97.080 + 0.738X1 + 1.944X2. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the four types of nurse social support may be interrelated and are generally still low in the process of empowering HIV/AIDS cadres. There is an effect of nurse support and empowerment of HIV/AIDS cadres on the ability of cadres to assist women with HIV/AIDS.