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The paper studies the language of sadness in English on a corpus of conventional expressions and aims at investigating the choice of prepositions combined with a number of sadness terms (e.g. sad about his failure, unhappy at his misfortunate, depressed by the news, sorry for being late). The paper finds that the prepositional phrases name the causes triggering sadness and there are correlations between the prepositions about, at, by, for and over and the types of causes combined together, which can be explained the metaphorical meanings of the prepositions.

This paper deals with prepositions with causal meaning in Russian and Czech. In Slavic languages prepositions are closely connected to cases. Russian and Czech prepositions have many common features. Prepositions show a relation in space or time or a special relationship between two or more people, places, things or situations. In the current paper we are dealing with causal relations. There are different ways to express them. Among these means, the most common are prepositional-case forms and complex sentences with a subordinate causal part. We analyze the repertoire of causal prepositions in both languages and describe their statistical representation in corpora. Another task is to reveal translation equivalents between two languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to thoroughly analyse the prepositions and adverbs meaning ‘between’ in the works of a Late Middle English poet John Lydgate. As regards their quality, aspects such as the etymology, syntax, dialect, temporal and textual distribution of the analysed lexemes will be presented. In terms of the quantity, the actual number of tokens of the prepositions and adverbs meaning ‘between’ employed in John Lydgate’s works will be provided and compared to the parallel statistics concerning Middle English texts collected by the Middle English Dictionary online and the Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse.

This paper proposes an analysis of the functional morpheme ? yi in Late Archaic Chinese as a high applicative (in the sense of Pylkkanen 2002) located above νP within νP. The Appl head YI selects a DP argument in its specifier and moves to ν, deriving the order YI-DP-VP. The order in which the verb and object precede YI-DP is derived by fronting the VP to the edge of the νP phase. This proposal also challenges the traditional assumption that YI is a preposition. Evidence for this proposal comes primarily from structural asymmetries between YI-DP-VP and VP-YI-DP orders which would not be accounted for if YI-DP were a PP. For example, movement of the DP selected by YI or of the direct object is only possible when YI precedes the verb. This is accounted for on the proposal that movement of VP to the outer specifier of νP fills this phase edge and prevents further movement. Movement of the VP also results in this constituent becoming an island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]