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This paper presents a newly developed method to estimate the dynamic viscosity of lubricating oil feedstock/solvent composition in solvent dewaxing process, where the high normal paraffin components are to be extracted from the mixture. A reliable technique to determine the flow properties in the complex multi-components mixture depends on selecting high carbon number, from the C20 to C40 chain, as a solute and light one, bellow C20, as a liquid that matches the wax mass fraction in the light portion of the oil. The study focuses on the viscosity in the dissolution region (liquid phase) to characterize the feedstock/solvent composition behavior. The tested feedstock is ASE30 and the solvent is MEK-Toluene. The selected high carbon numbers are C33, C34, and C45, while the light one is C10. The obtained viscosity results by the proposed method were found to be in good agreement with the predicted viscosities of multi mixture components using the available mixed rules procedure reported in the literature. It can be concluded that the linkage between the solubility model and the carbon number selection could govern the characteristics of the waxy lube oil/MEK-Toluene solution.

Extension of the operational time of a solar water heating system is essential for overnight industrial and domestic use. One technique is by integrating the solar water heater with thermal energy storage. In the present study, an outdoor experimental investigation of Integrated Phase Change Material (PCM)-flat plate solar collector was carried out with paraffin wax. The absorber plate was modified by installing extended surfaces into the PCM reservoir to increase the heat transfer area. Paraffin wax is used to store heat during the day time. Water is the heating medium and was circulated between a 120 L water tank and the solar collector by pumping. Two cases have been investigated that is with and without PCM. It was found that on the average, 0.5 kg min-1 10 to 20° inclination angles with PCM can provide promising 38°C hot water temperature for daytime demand with 52±2.2% efficiency. PCM case gives the highest performance when considering the day and night time efficiency compared to the case of without PCM. © 2012 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

The aim of study is soot reduction strategy by using microwave radiation. As a first step toward the aim is a review. This study provides a review of soot particles generation and their influence on air pollution and illustrates the diesel particulate matter emission regulation, composition, and characterization including size, shape, process, and oxidation. The paper also discusses the effect of temperature, pressure, air/fuel ratio, exhaust flow rate, fuel type on soot process and heat release from soot combustion. The use of filter regeneration strategies for reducing soot emission from vehicles, stationary plants and factories due to the burning of diesel fuel have been presented with advantage and disadvantage of each method. The various strategies include catalyst, fuel injection, electric heating, engine operation condition control, non-thermal plasma, and absorbed microwave energy. The practical feasibility for soot oxidation by microwave heating technique has been explained depending on soot material property. The proposed new technique utilizing the reflected and absorbed energies of microwave for soot reduction strategy is presented to develop a new emission after-treatment system. The new system will be modeled and simulated using appropriate software. The simulation results will be validated experimentally. © 2012 Asian Network for Scientific Information.