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Objective To investigate BRCA1 / 2 gene mutations and their relationship with clinicopathological features in patients with breast cancer in Zhoushan Islands. Methods High-throughput whole-exome gene sequencing was used to detect BRCA1 / 2 mutations in 776 breast cancer patients in Zhoushan Islands. Results The BRCA1 / 2 mutation rate of breast cancer patients in Zhoushan Islands was 4.38% (34/776). BRCA1 mutations were significantly correlated with age, molecular type, and family history of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA2 mutations were most commonly found in invasive lobular carcinoma. Moreover, the BRCA2 mutation rate of cancers with molecular type luminal B (receptor protein–tyrosine kinase [HER2]-negative) was also relatively high. Conclusion The rate of BRCA1 / 2 mutations in breast cancer patients from Zhoushan Islands is approximately 4.38%, and BRCA1 mutation is related to age, molecular type, and family history of breast and ovarian cancers.