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Objective: The most appropriate medication regimen to mitigate the consequences hepatic encephalopathy remains inconclusive. This review seeks to serve as a reference for clinicians to help guide therapy decisions with regard to hepatic encephalopathy. Methods: A comprehensive literature review between August 2018 and April 2019 was accomplished with the assistance of a medical librarian. Sources of literature review include PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ProQuest Central, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations. The authors selected randomized clinical and double-blind cross-over trials evaluating probiotics, zinc, polyethylene glycol, rifaximin, and flumazenil. Sixteen clinical trials are discussed in this review. Pertinent safety, efficacy, and statistical and clinical outcomes are summarized by the authors. Conclusions: The most appropriate regimen to mitigate the consequences of hepatic encephalopathy remains elusive; however, the agents discussed within this review offer alternative options for patients unresponsive to or intolerant of traditional lactulose therapy. This review seeks to serve as a repository for relevant clinical trials, and as a reference for clinicians to help guide therapy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing inservices. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent in print and are also available online.Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. Subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The September 2010 monograph topics are on buprenorphine transdermal system, cabazitaxel, memantine extended-release, mometasone furoate and fomoterol fumarate inhalation aerosol, and alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (human). The DUE/MUE is on buprenorphine transdermal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the effects of experiencing a noninflammatory, chronic health disturbance in women with irritable bowel syndrome and discusses its inherent physical and psychological symptom distress on natural killer (NK) cell activity. Uniqueness of NK cells among immune cells; Fators that trigger gastrointestinal symptoms; Analysis of immune function assays.