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The axial self-infeed rolling process is an advanced and efficient process to form long threads such as lead screw and thread shaft. The experiments of axial self-infeed rolling process for the stainless steel were conducted with three blank diameters, forming speeds and two lubrication conditions. The effects of forming speed, blank diameter and lubrication condition on forming torque, microhardness and tooth height of forming threads were analyzed by the design of experiment and analysis of variance. And the characteristics of forming torque, microhardness distribution and tooth height were investigated. The results revealed the forming torque was more influenced by the blank diameter and the forming speed than the lubrication condition. The tooth height was sensitive to all these factors and the microhardness only was affected by the blank diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]