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This paper describes ways in which dialect variation may have important effects on the implementation and results of surveys in particular linguistic settings. Specifically, such differences of speech across populations within countries may significantly interfere with survey cooperation and with normal processes of understanding and responding to survey questions. The Swiss context is presented as a case study of how complications in survey implementation due to language and dialect variation may jeopardise data quality. Greater awareness among researchers of the potential impact of dialect variation on survey participation and responding is needed. Also, there is a need for more research internationally on the nature and scope of potential problems due to dialect, and on how to develop targeted strategies and remedies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]