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There is a public health epidemic in adolescents' use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDSs), also known as electronic cigarettes, vaping products, or JUULs. However, little is known about the level of knowledge school staff have about ENDS. The purpose of this study is to examine outcomes of a nurse-led educational intervention designed to increase school staff knowledge about ENDS. A descriptive, nonrandomly selected pre-test/post-test design was used with 125 Wisconsin school staff. Results revealed further educational needs of school staff in content areas including advertising to youth and flavoring of ENDS. Following the educational intervention, post-test results showed a significant overall improvement in participant knowledge scores. Recommendations include implementing nurse-led education about ENDS to a more diverse population of school staff. Providing nurse-led ENDS education to school staff offers an upstream, proactive approach for school nurses to help address this public health epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-consensual sharing of private sexual images (so-called 'revenge pornography') has become an increasingly prominent topic in social and legislative discussions about sexual crime but has received relatively little attention within psychological research. Here, we leveraged existing theorizing in the area of sexual offending proclivity to systematically develop and validate a measure of beliefs about this type of offending. There is currently a lack of validated assessment tools in this area, and these are important to better understand the role of offense-supportive cognition in predicting both proclivity of these offenses and judgements of both victims and perpetrators. Using an international community sample (N = 511) we found our 'Beliefs about Revenge Pornography Questionnaire (BRPQ)' to be comprised of four underpinning domains: 'Victims as Promiscuous', 'Victim Harm', 'Avoiding Vulnerable Behaviors' and 'Offense Minimization'. Concurrent validity is demonstrated through relationships with trait empathy, belief in a just world, dark personality traits and rape myth acceptance. Randomly dividing the sample, we also show that the BRPQ was associated with both proclivity (n = 227) and social judgements of this type of offending (n = 232). Implications and future directions are discussed. An open-access preprint is available at https://psyarxiv.com/6qr7t/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-management is a contemporary model of chronic condition care that places expectations on, and roles for, both patients and health professionals. Health professionals are expected to form partnerships with their patients, and patients are expected to be active participants in their own care. In these new roles, control and responsibility for self-management are shared between people with chronic conditions and their health professionals. We still have limited knowledge about how these new roles are enacted in self-management support. In this article, we examine how health professionals perceive the roles of patients and professionals in chronic condition self-management, drawing on Bourdieu's concepts of field, doxa and capital. In this qualitative study, 32 in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 health professionals in Sydney, Australia. Data were analysed thematically. Three themes were derived. First, there was incongruence between how participants characterised and enacted their roles. Second, participants compartmentalised clinical and non-clinical aspects of self-management support. Finally, the roles of health professionals entwined with emotions and judgements of patienthood revealed that the provision of self-management support was linked to a fit between individuals' cultural health capital and the expectations governing the field. We argue that 'taken for granted' assumptions about self-management and self-management support must be challenged to mitigate negative social representations and unrealistic expectations placed on patients and health professionals, particularly those patients with less capital, who are more marginalised within clinical interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Australasian Integrative Medicine Association (AIMA) established a working group to develop the AIMA Guiding Principles for Letter Writing and Letter Writing Templates. The guiding principles were developed to promote effective communication between the diverse range of healthcare practitioners (HCPs) that patients choose to consult. Following the development of the Interprofessional Communication (IPC) resources, AIMA undertook a public consultation as part of a quality assurance process to evaluate the relevance and utility of the resource. Aim: This study reports stakeholder feedback on AIMA's draft guiding principles document. It explores stakeholder attitudes towards IPC and HCPs letter-writing, and interest in ongoing continuing professional development (CPD). Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 1) an online public consultation survey and 2) a paper survey collected following IPC CPD activities. Quantitative data were analysed using Chi square and Fisher-Freeman-Halton Test. Responses to open ended questions were coded and subject to a thematic analysis. Results: The 64 survey participants and 55 CPD participants represented the Australian healthcare sectors and lay community. Most thought IPC is important (n = 112/117; 96%) and the resources were informative (n = 112/119; 94%), understandable (n = 111/119; 93%), and clinically relevant (n = 105/117; 90%). HCP reported wide variations in their frequency of correspondence with other practitioner types, with rates often concerningly low. Key IPC themes identified were the importance of continuity of care, clarity of communication, and professional practice. CPD participants were most interested in further IPC training (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The IPC resources affirm the role of formal communication pathways, such as letters of correspondence to support coordinated, patient-centred and multidisciplinary care. Challenges with letter writing and IPC signal the need for more student and professional education on the subject to promote continuity of patient care and the delivery of high quality, integrative medicine and health care services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A person-centered approach to goal-setting, involving collaboration between patients and health professionals, is advocated in policy to support self-management. However, this is difficult to achieve in practice, reducing the potential effectiveness of self-management support. Drawing on observations of consultations between patients and health professionals, we examined how goal-setting is shaped in patient–provider interactions. Analysis revealed three distinct interactional styles. In controlled interactions, health professionals determine patients' goals based on biomedical reference points and present these goals as something patients should do. In constrained interactions, patients are invited to present goals, yet health professionals' language and questions orientate goals toward biomedical issues. In flexible interactions, patients and professionals both contribute to goal-setting, as health professionals use less directive language, create openings, and allow patients to decide on their goals. Findings suggest that interactional style of health professionals could be the focus of interventions when aiming to increase the effectiveness of goal-setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which identifies the perceptions of family and health-care worker on an end-of-life care pathway for patients who die due to acute stroke, and determines the difference between the end-of-life care pathway in patients with and without such pathway. Topics include using the interviews and casenote review methods, performing thematic analysis and multivariate analysis, and concerns on the use of such pathway.

Objective: To determine what influences the decision to insert an indwelling urinary catheter in acute stroke patients.Design: A prospective casenote review and semi-structured interviews were conducted and corporate catheterization policy in the study sites was investigated.Setting: Three teaching hospitals, typical of stroke service provision in most developed countries.Subjects: Casenotes from 70 consecutive acute stroke admissions; 50 doctors, nurses and physiotherapists working in acute stroke units and medical receiving units.Results: Stroke patients were catheterized for output monitoring, relief of urinary retention or, especially for older patients, continence-related issues. Half of all catheterizations occurred in acute stroke units. Continence and catheterization were considered less important than other aspects of acute stroke care. No catheterization policy or standardized continence assessment tool was in use. Documentation was often lacking. Patients and relatives were not fully involved in the decision to catheterize. Continence assessment and catheterization practices varied widely. Complex unwritten rules relating to gender proliferated. Such rules demonstrated heuristic problem-solving could potentially cause conflict. Decisions to catheterize ‘belonged’ to doctors or nurses depending upon clinical indications. Clinical assessment and specialist referrals were often seen as ‘not my job’.Conclusions: Clear corporate policy on catheterization is required to direct practice. Use of standardized continence assessment tools is recommended to set and monitor standards of care. Documentation relating to urinary catheterization needs to improve. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper investigates the evolution of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) using the Stroke Research Network (SRN) to illustrate various elements of a topic-specific research network. The background of the UKCRC is explored with particular reference to the policy imperatives that led to the creation of the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR). Clinical Research Networks within NIHR are identified and the importance of bio industrial partnerships is highlighted. Finally comments are made regarding the location of nursing as a discipline within the NIHR structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe report ‘Patient Safety in Europe: Medication Errors and Hospital-acquired Infection’ was commissioned by the European Federation of Nurses Associations (EFN) in order to support its policy statement on Patient Safety. The report is authored by a working-group within the Workgroup of European Nurse Researchers and it is a snapshot of current work in the European areas surveyed. Medication errors and hospital-acquired infections are examined and a range of European studies are used as evidence. The result shows that studies on medication safety and nursing are few and they are heterogeneous in design making comparability between research reports difficult. Future research should capture the environmental and human context of error. WHO has identified hand hygiene as a major patient safety issue in relation to health care associated infections (HCAI) and there is general agreement in the literature that effective hand hygiene remains the most important initiative in the control of infection. To maximize EFNs lobbying function EFN and WENR should work together. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper outlines a range of issues that currently affect nursing research in Europe with particular reference to the UK. An argument is made that nursing research needs to align itself with policy imperatives while at the same time ensuring that nursing research remains visible. The difficulty of moving between clinical and research career pathways is highlighted along with a range of problems that are seen to influence the conduct of nursing research across Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignancy, and experience with its management is limited. It is generally accepted that surgery is the treatment of choice, and the initial operative intervention might represent the only chance for long-term success. At the time of surgery, a high index of suspicion for carcinoma is vital to performing the appropriate surgical procedures, because frozen-section diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma is notoriously unreliable. In this article, we describe our experience with this rare entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteopathia striata, an autosomal dominant disorder, has been diagnosed in a 19-year-old mildly retarded woman. In addition, she has macrocephaly, a leonine fades, disfigurement of the lower jaw, a cleft palate and mixed hearing loss. Roentgenograms of the skull and long bones show thickening of the calvarium, particularly at the base, mandibular hyperplasia, and striations in the long bones and pelvis. Except for the cleft palate which has not been previously reported, and the retardation, which appears to be quite uncommon in this condition, these findings are characteristic of osteopathia striata. Because the disorder may resemble several other conditions, the differential diagnosis should include osteopoikilosis, the autosomal dominant form of osteopetrosis, and hyperostosis corticalis generalisata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on an exploratory study of the perceived health-care needs of hospitalised adolescent cancer patients. Data were collected using a Q sort board game, specifically designed for this study, and by semi-structured interview based on a rigorous search of the literature. Factor analysis was employed to examine the data. The findings from the study are related primarily to the validity of the research tools and support the need for a main study in the field of adolescent cancer patients' health-care needs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses the benefits of salivary duct endoscopy, or sialendoscopy, in treating obstructive salivary gland disease when compared to other methods such as sonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). It says that sialendoscopy allows surgeons to visualize the ductal system that enables a definite diagnosis of the disease. It adds that the benefits of the procedure can be seen particularly in its therapeutic benefits such as the removal of ductal stones and dilation of stenotic ducts to wash away debris.

The article presents a case of maxillary sinus tumor and offers information on diagnostic tests to confirm its presence. A man presented with an 18-month history of bilateral nasal obstruction with rhinorrhea and anosmia. CT of his sinuses revealed a 7.3-centimeter soft-tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus. CT and magnetic resonance imaging are used for tumor mapping and considered useful because they identify eroded or deformed bony structures and soft-tissue extensions.

The article describes the case of a 45-year old female patient who presented with facial sarcoidosis with facial pain. The physical examination was remarkable for a firm, slightly tender, nonmobile, subcutaneous, 1 x 1 centimeter mass that was fixed to the right midlateral nasal wall. A fine-cut computed tomography of the face detected a 9 millimeter soft-tissue nodule adjacent to the nose, the fat plane surrounding the nodule was normal.

The article presents the case of a 6-year-old girl diagnosed with submental cavernous lymphangioma. The patient presented with a 3-week history of a painless, rapidly enlarging right submental swelling. Physical examination revealed that she had a right nonpulsatile, compressible mass in the submandibular triangle that extended into the right floor of the mouth. She underwent complete excision of the mass without injury to adjacent neurovascular structures.

Presents a clinical case of sialadenoma papilliferum involving the nasopharynx. Medical history of the patient; Findings of the endoscopic examination; Differential diagnosis of the disease; Treatment of the disease.

Provides information on how to treat malignancies in the oral cavity commonly found on the lower lips of a patient. Common malignancies found on the lower lip; Information on the case of an old man with a history of a recurrent malignant melanoma on his right lower lip; Discussion on the Karapandzic technique applied to the patient.

The article presents a case study of two patients including the 78 year old patient with parotid lesion and 54 year old woman with parotid mass in the U.S. It mentions that the 78 year woman was diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging. It mentions that the development of lymphoma of the parotid gland in the gland parenchymaleas to primary parotid lymphoma.

Chronic illness can disrupt many aspects of life, including identity, social relationships, and anticipated life trajectories. Despite significant scholarship on chronic illness, we know less about the ways in which chronic illness impacts feelings of loneliness and how people with chronic illness deal with loneliness. Drawing on concepts of biographical disruption and liminality and data from walking and photo-elicitation interviews with 14 people, we aimed to explore how people with chronic illness experience loneliness in their everyday lives. Tracing how past and present illness experiences are implicated in the lived experience of loneliness and the strategies people use to manage loneliness, our findings illustrated that being caught in a liminal state where participants struggled to maintain and adapt to a new normality in life with chronic illness was a central thread woven throughout their experience of loneliness. Although participants drew on their personal agency and adopted strategies to account for, manage, and limit disruptions from chronic illness and loneliness, they found that their strategies were not completely effective or satisfactory. Chronic illness and loneliness continue to be largely considered as an individual’s problem, limiting opportunities for people with chronic illness who experience loneliness to seek support and social connection. Our research highlighted that chronic illness and loneliness need to be acknowledged as both a personal and collective problem, with multi-level responses that involve individuals, communities, and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]