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Purpose: To evaluate intracranial hemodynamic stabilization patterns after carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients having variable collateral developments before CAS. Methods: The hemodynamic and angiographic data of 62 patients (58 men; mean age 68.0±8.4 years) who underwent CAS for unilateral proximal internal carotid artery stenosis were analyzed. The patients had transcranial Doppler examinations before and at 1 and 90 days after CAS. Patients were classified according to pre-CAS mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA): low (<30 cm/s; n=17), normal (30 to 48 cm/s; n=26), or high (>48 cm/s; n=19). The collaterals from contralateral anterior and/or posterior circulations prior to CAS, the stabilization pattern of MBFV, and the pulsatility index (PI) after CAS were compared across the 3 groups. Results: The presence of collaterals was lowest in the low MBFV group (17.6% of patients) than in the normal (38.5%) or high (68.4%) MBFV groups (p=0.008). The low MBFV group exhibited an increase in MBFV and PI in the ipsilateral MCA at 1 and 90 days after CAS (p<0.05). By contrast, the high MBFV group exhibited a decrease in MBFV and no change in PI in the ipsilateral MCA up to 90 days after CAS (p<0.05). The normal MBFV group showed an increase in MBFV at post-CAS day 1 but a subsequent decrease at 90 days and an increase in PI in the ipsilateral MCA at 1 and 90 days post-CAS (p<0.05). Conclusion: The pattern of post-CAS intracranial hemodynamic stabilization differs according to the pre-CAS MBFV in the ipsilateral MCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe the process of translating evidence-based dietary guidelines into a tailored nutrition education program for Korean American immigrants (KAI) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsCommunity-based participatory research (CBPR) is a research process involving researchers and communities to build a collaborative partnership. The study was conducted at a community-based organization. In a total of 79 KAI (intervention, n = 40; control, n = 39) with uncontrolled type 2 DM (A1C ≥7.5%), 44.3% were female and the mean age was 56. 5 ± 7.9 years. A culturally tailored nutrition education was developed by identifying community needs and evaluating research evidence. The efficacy and acceptability of the program was assessed.ResultsIn translating dietary guidelines into a culturally relevant nutrition education, culturally tailored dietary recommendations and education instruments were used. While dietary guidelines from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) were used to frame nutrition recommendations, additional content was adopted from the Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) guidelines. Culturally relevant intervention materials, such as Korean food models and an individually tailored serving table, were utilized to solidify nutritional concepts as well as to facilitate meal planning. Evaluation of the education revealed significantly increased DM-specific nutrition knowledge in the intervention group. The participants’ satisfaction with the education was 9.7 on a 0 to10-point scale.ConclusionThe systematic translation approach was useful for producing a culturally tailored nutrition education program for KAI. The program was effective in improving the participants’ DM-specific nutrition knowledge and yielded a high level of satisfaction. Future research is warranted to determine the effect of a culturally tailored nutrition education on other clinical outcomes.References1. Schafer RG, Bohannon B, Franz M, et al. Translation of the diabetes nutrition recommendations for health care institutions: technical review. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997;97:43-51.2. Narayan KM, Gregg EW, Engelgau MM, et al. Translation research for chronic disease: the case of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:1794-1798.3. Rubin RR, Peyrot M, Saudek CD. Differential effect of diabetes education on self-regulation and life-style behaviors. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:335-338.4. Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK, Stern MP. Increased incidence of type II diabetes mellitus in Mexican Americans. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:102-108.5. Vijan S, Stuart NS, Fitzgerald JT, et al. Barriers to following dietary recommendation in Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2005;22:32-38. 6. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulponylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352:837-853.7. Wylie-Rosett J. In: Proceedings from the American Diabetes Association Annual Scientific Sessions ; June 6, 1989.8. Samanta A, Campbell JE, Spaulding DL, et al. Eating habits in Asian diabetics. Diabet Med . 1986;3:283.9. Park SY, Paik HY, Skinner JD, Spindler AA, Park HR. Nutrient intake of Korean Americans, Korean, and American adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104:242-245.10. Lee SK, Sobal J, Frongillo EA Jr. Acculturation and dietary practices among Korean Americans. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99:1084-1089. 11. Brown SA, Hanis CL. A community-based, culturally sensitive education and group-support intervention for Mexican Americans with NIDDM: a pilot study of efficacy. Diabetes Educ. 1995;21:203-210. 12. Kim MT, Han HR, Song H, Lee JE, Kim J, Kim KB. A community-based culturally tailored behavioral intervention for Korean Americans with diabetes. Diabetes Educ. 2009;35:986-994. 13. Fitzgerald JT, Funnell MM, Hess GE, et al. The reliability and validity of a brief diabetes knowledge ... [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses a feasibility study called the Baltimore Healthy Stores (BHS) food store intervention trial involving seven corner stores owned by Korean Americans and two supermarkets in low-income East Baltimore, with the goal of increasing the availability of healthy food items and their promotion at the point of sale.

Obesity and other diet-related chronic diseases are more prevalent in low-income urban areas, which commonly have limited access to healthy foods. The authors implemented an intervention trial in nine food stores, including two supermarkets and seven corner stores, in a low-income, predominantly African American area of Baltimore City, with a comparison group of eight stores in another low-income area of the city. The intervention (Baltimore Healthy Stores; BHS) included an environmental component to increase stocks of more nutritious foods and provided point-of-purchase promotions including signage for healthy choices and interactive nutrition education sessions. Using pre- and postassessments, the authors evaluated the impact of the program on 84 respondents sampled from the intervention and comparison areas. Exposure to intervention materials was modest in the intervention area, and overall healthy food purchasing scores, food knowledge, and self-efficacy did not show significant improvements associated with intervention status. However, based on adjusted multivariate regression results, the BHS program had a positive impact on healthfulness of food preparation methods and showed a trend toward improved intentions to make healthy food choices. Respondents in the intervention areas were significantly more likely to report purchasing promoted foods because of the presence of a BHS shelf label. This is the first food store intervention trial in low-income urban communities to show positive impacts at the consumer level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study for an efficient comprehensive type 2 diabetes (T2D) management intervention for Korean American immigrants (KAIs) with T2D. The study was participated by 79 KAIs from the Baltimore-Washington area who had uncontrolled T2D undergoing a 6-week structured psychobehavioral education, home glucose monitoring and bilingual nurse telephone counseling. The study concluded that a community based and culturally tailored made intervention with a trained bilingual nurse counselors and self monitoring of glucose is clinically efficient.