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Contemporary North American work culture is characterized by experts as one of overwork. Throughout much of the previous century, many parents devoted themselves either to their careers, or to their families. These "competing devotions" served as a cultural model for making sense of the world and alleviated the tension between overwork and family life. Data from interviews with 84 IT workers are used to examine whether devotion to work and family is still experienced as oppositional for working parents. I find that interviewees report feeling devoted both to their families and their careers, which I refer to as dual devotion. Such espousals of dual devotion are facilitated by the use of flexible work policies—remote work and flextime—which enable those with dual devotions to accomplish work–life integration. However, whereas men perceive remote work as allowing them to dedicate more time to childcare, women perceive it as allowing them to dedicate more time to work. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between gender inequality and the experiential dimensions of work and family time: the practices that enable dual devotions, in particular remote work, help parents maintain an orientation to time that makes overwork more palatable. In either case, workplaces win since women are working long hours and men are not sacrificing paid work hours to take on more childcare or housework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of the U.S. carceral system profoundly shapes motherhood for marginalized women, yet little is known about how mothers navigate a child's incarceration. We use in-depth interviews with mothers of incarcerated men (n = 69), most of whom identify as Latina, to understand how jail incarceration shapes women's motherwork practices throughout the duration of their sons' incarceration. Building on theories of decarceral motherwork, we find that women with incarcerated sons engage in multiple practices—including crisis, collective, and hypervigilant motherwork—similar to those of formerly incarcerated Black mothers. We advance these insights, revealing how motherwork operates among a different population of system-impacted mothers—those with sons incarcerated in jail. First, we highlight the temporal process of motherwork by documenting the specific practices mothers adopt before, during, and after their son's incarceration. Second, we reveal how this motherwork process engenders substantial parenting role strains. Third, we find that cumulative parenting strains commonly lead mothers to engage in an additional motherwork strategy, distanced motherwork, which we define as the proactive—although often temporary—withdrawal of emotional, financial, and instrumental support to children. Thus, by illuminating patterns of motherwork in the context of a child's jail incarceration, and by systematically linking motherwork to parenting role strains, we advance an understanding of parenting in the shadow of the criminal legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate longitudinal associations between the presence of early childhood routines– predictable and repeatable functional practices that promote healthy growth, development, and relationships – and adolescent health outcomes. Design: Secondary data analysis. Setting: 20 large U.S. cities. Subjects: 2943 children with socioeconomic disadvantage from the Future of Families cohort. Measures: Routines at age 3 (shared family meals, bedtime routine, daily reading); outcomes later in the same children at age 15 (healthy routines, overall health, psychological well-being). Analysis: Descriptive statistics, regression analyses. Results: We detected longitudinal associations between early childhood routines and later adolescent routines (increased count of shared family meals by parent report [IRR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.24, P = 0.007], bedtime routine and daily reading by adolescent report [aOR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.67, P = 0.008; aOR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.38, P = 0.04; respectively]). A bedtime routine in early childhood was associated with excellent health in adolescence (aOR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.79, P = 0.004]. Adolescent routines were concurrently associated with overall health and psychological well-being. We also detected two longitudinal patterns of associations suggesting multiple mechanisms for how early childhood routines influence later health and well-being. Conclusion: Early childhood routines predict adolescent routines, and may contribute to long term adolescent health outcomes. Future studies may promote childhood routines during critical developmental stages as a strength-based strategy to promote long-term health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research reports findings from a study to explore the efficacy of a video-based training with college students to determine the extent to which the training shifted student perceptions of hazing, increased willingness and ability to intervene in situations where hazing is occurring, and altered student perceptions of hazing social norms. The study included two experimental groups and a control group at each of the three data-gathering sessions at three U.S. universities. Each of the universities belonged to the Hazing Prevention Consortium and had demonstrated a willingness to prevent hazing on their campuses. The 17-minute hazing prevention documentary We Don't Haze, developed using a bystander intervention framework, was administered in two experimental conditions: video-only and video plus facilitated discussion. Participants (n = 318) were members of a leadership development program, resident advisors, and club sport athletes and were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups or the control group. Students who viewed the video-based training and students who viewed the video and engaged in a follow-up facilitated discussion significantly shifted their perceptions of hazing and indicated an increased willingness and ability to intervene and help others who are experiencing or have experienced hazing, compared to students who viewed a general leadership video. The results of this study indicate that the tested hazing prevention trainings—both the stand-alone video, We Don't Haze, and the video plus discussion—hold promise for strengthening knowledge of the full range of harm associated with hazing, while amplifying perceptions that support hazing prevention and diminishing perceptions that contribute to normalizing hazing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While a number of studies have examined the risk of reentry after exiting foster care, few studies have examined the risk of rereport to Child Protective Services (CPS) in the United States. Understanding more about rereports may help identify targets for supportive services that prevent reentry and promote safety. This study is the first to use nation-wide linked data to examine the risk of rereport for reunified children. The sample included children reunified after experiencing their first episode in foster care with at least one CPS report prior to care. With a 2000-day observation period, flexible parametric survival models with time varying hazard ratios were used to model the hazard or rereport conditional on prior CPS and foster care characteristics. Over 50% of the sample experienced a rereport after reunification. Results indicate that children entering foster care following a history of multiple CPS reports prior to placement were at substantially increased risk of rereport after returning home. A group of children with shorter stays in care had a high risk of recurrence within the first month, but this was not true over time. Implications for future research as well as permanency planning and addressing the needs of families with chronic reports are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family-centered early intervention (EI) approach mandated by the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part C, means involving parents fully in EI and ensuring they know their legal rights and responsibilities for participating. However, many parents report difficulty accessing information and decision-making in EI. IDEA mandates all jurisdictions provide parents with a procedural safeguard notice (PSN) outlining parents' rights and advocacy processes. Yet, it is unclear to what extent PSNs are accessible, particularly to parents with marginalized identities. This study analyzed PSNs from 56 Part C jurisdictions for the components required by law, understandability to the general public, and availability in multiple languages. The PSNs generally did not include all required information, necessitated grade-levels above high school, minimally attended to plain language, and were infrequently available in non-English languages, suggesting that many parents are prevented from information about EI. PSNs, therefore, are a source of bias in Part C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although family-centeredness is a tenet of early intervention, families often report struggling to meaningfully participate in decision-making. To increase family involvement, in the United States Parent Training and Information Centers (PTIs) and service coordinators are charged with educating and empowering families to advocate for their children. Yet, little is known about how PTIs and service coordinators support families. We explored the perceptions of families about the supports provided by PTIs and service coordinators; by understanding their roles, targeted efforts can be made to ensure that families are meaningfully supported during early intervention. Twenty-five caregivers of children who received early intervention services participated in individual interviews. One participant reported being familiar with PTIs during early intervention. Participants reported liking their service coordinators but also reported that due to large workloads, service coordinators often did not educate them about their rights. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early intervention (EI) home visitation programs are central to delivering services that support infants and toddlers displaying developmental delays or disabilities and their families. Entities that oversee such programs continually seek to strengthen the quality of program practices. The Getting Ready approach is a professional development (PD) framework for partnering with families and delivering high quality routines-based home visits. Interviews were conducted with family members (n = 22), EI service providers (n = 12), and independent, dedicated EI service coordinators (n = 7) in a midwestern U.S. state, and written home visit action plans from professionals' home visits (n = 11) were reviewed. Findings from qualitative analyses of these two data sources deepen understanding of effective family-professional partnerships, data-driven decision-making processes, and collaborative development of routines-based interventions focused on family-child interactions and the achievement of child/family IFSP outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schools are important arenas for mental health promotion initiatives. School nurses have the opportunity and ability to support and promote students' mental health, but their role and practices have been perceived as somewhat unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore school nurses' mental health promotion practices. A total of 12 scientific studies were synthesized through a meta-ethnographic approach. The overarching results of the synthesis show that school nurses' mental health promotion practices are largely about balancing and combining the students' needs with different professional perspectives, competencies, and conditions. The school nurses perceived that they had the power to influence their practices through a variety of ways, highlighting the importance of letting the students' needs guide the practices. Yet, at the same time they described feelings of powerlessness because of the different organizational structures that were hindering their mental health promotion practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although resourcefulness has been successfully taught during formal training programs, it can also be acquired informally through life experiences. Family caregivers have many opportunities for learning to be resourceful on their own and those who participate in research may acquire knowledge or skills that increase their resourcefulness. The effects of such differential experiences on the resourcefulness of family caregivers have not been examined over time. Objective: This study compared changes in resourcefulness over time in caregivers who received no intervention, an educational program, biofeedback, or Resourcefulness Training©. Methods: This longitudinal analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial involved 219 caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder who completed the Resourcefulness Scale© before no intervention, an educational program, biofeedback, or Resourcefulness Training, and at 6 and 12 months afterward. Differences across the groups were examined using RMANOVA. Patterns of mean scores including differences and linear trends in resourcefulness for the four groups were examined. Results: Overall, caregivers increased linearly in resourcefulness over time [ F (1,215) = 4.836, P =.015]. Although each group showed improvement in resourcefulness, caregivers who received Resourcefulness Training showed the greatest improvement from baseline (estimated mean = 88.244, SE = 2.734) at both 6 months (estimated mean = 92.610, SE = 2.813, P =.026) and 12 months post-intervention (estimated mean = 95.049, SE = 2.752, P =.003). Conclusions: Consistent with resourcefulness theory, the findings showed caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder became more resourceful over time with or without formal training. However, those who received Resourcefulness Training demonstrated resourcefulness skills sooner and to a greater extent, thereby providing the rationale for formal Resourcefulness Training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The US is becoming progressively diverse and so are our classrooms. Home-school partnerships are essential to supporting diverse learners. It is critical both new and veteran practitioners make intentional efforts to provide culturally proficient practices when building home-school partnerships. Cultural awareness is identified across disciplines as the initial step to being a culturally proficient practitioner (e.g., CCPEP, nd; Randall-David, 1989; SAMHSA, 2014). Self-awareness is an important but often overlooked step in cultural awareness. This article addresses three techniques to increase cultural self-awareness as an initial step to building effective home-school partnerships with diverse families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon ethnographic research with families as they navigate a year in 'Brexit Britain', this article explores how people live with Brexit, examining the effect of Brexit politics on everyday personal life, particularly relationships with family. In order to examine how macro-political events and timescapes interact with the quotidian, the article explores interactions between 'Brexit time' (including key political moments as well as periods of slowed political activity) and 'personal time' (including the day-to-day rhythms of everyday life and more special occasions). The temporal interactions between Brexit and people's daily lives, whether through the constant low-level simmering presence of the issue, the impactful moments when Brexit 'boils over' into family life, or a more profound relationship with the substance of Brexit politics, offer a lens through which we can understand how politics and other socio-economic events of (inter)national significance are lived in the context of everyday personal lives. The resonance of this analysis applies beyond Brexit and contributes to political sociology more broadly as well as to sociologies of everyday personal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from theories of affect, role strain and stress processes, we studied the impact of raising grandchildren on older mothers' relationships with the adult offspring whose children they raised, with particular attention to how these patterns differ by race and ethnicity. We used mixed-methods data collected from 531 older mothers regarding their relationships with 1935 of their adult children as part of the Within-Family Differences Study. Multilevel regression analyses showed that raising grandchildren was associated with greater mother-adult child closeness in Black families; however, in White families, raising grandchildren was associated with greater mother-adult child conflict. Qualitative analyses revealed that these differences could be explained by the tendency of Black grandmothers to emphasize positive aspects of raising grandchildren, compared to White grandmothers, who viewed raising grandchildren as demanding and who described their exchanges with their adult children as unequal. Overall, our findings reflect racial and ethnic differences in intergenerational solidarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minorities reclaim derogatory labels to change their meaning. However, previous research on reclamation has focused on the perception of self-labeling with derogatory labels in an ecologically invalid context, using self-reports that may be influenced by norms. We examined how recordings containing derogatory terms against gay people are perceived, using both a self-report and an unobtrusive heartbeat measure. In the experiment (n = 103), we showed that individuals perceived statements with derogatory labels as less offensive when participants of the Gay Pride (a pro-LGBT+ march) used them and as more offensive when they were used by participants of the March for Life and Family (a conservative march). This effect was stronger among gay men. Nonetheless, the sexual identity and the content of speech played no role in the case of the heartbeat. The paper discusses the discrepancy between declarative and nondeclarative measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Supporting clinical teams to improve care for inpatients with palliative care needs and their carers is a known priority. Patient reported experience measures (PREMs) may assist in improvement work. Evidence about how to collect and feedback PREM data for this population and context is required. Aim: To determine the feasibility of implementing a brief, validated PREM, consideRATE and appraise its acceptability as perceived by inpatients with palliative care needs, their carers and clinicians. Design: A prospective study using: 1) PREM administration, screening log and field note completion; and; 2) a focus group with clinicians. Setting/participants: Eligible participants recruited from three wards (cancer care and internal medicine) of an Australian tertiary metropolitan hospital. Participants included patients screened to have palliative care needs (using the SPICTTM criteria), their carers and multidisciplinary clinicians (including clinical managers). Results: Feasibility : A 71% response rate was achieved (n = 80 from 112 eligible patients approached). Mean screening time to inform eligible patients for PREM completion was 7.5 min. More than half of eligible participants (n = 47, 59%) opted for electronic completion of consideRATE and mean completion time was 6.12 min. A third of participants required assistance for PREM completion (n = 27, 34%). Score distribution varied across response options, albeit with a positive skew towards 'very good' and 'good'. Two thirds of respondents (n = 50, 62.5%) provided ⩾1 free-text response. Acceptability : Clinicians valued consideRATE data noting feedback needed to be: accessible, supported by free-text and responsive to local contexts. Conclusions: It is feasible to implement consideRATE for inpatients with palliative care needs. Clinicians note consideRATE data is acceptable in informing improvement foci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The increase in non-communicable disease burdens and aging populations has led to a rise in the need for palliative care across settings. In resource-limited settings such as Indonesia, however, notably in rural areas, there is a lack of professional palliative care. Little is known about specific palliative care navigation, as previous studies have mostly focused on cancer care navigation. A locally tailored approach is crucial. Aim: To explore how patients and families navigate palliative care and the problems they experience. Design: An ethnographic study using in-depth interviews and observations, analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Setting/participants: Interviews with 49 participants (patients, family caregivers, and health professionals) and 12 patient-family unit observations in Banyumas, Indonesia. The analysis: Patients and families navigated palliative care through different strategies: (1) helping themselves, (2) utilizing complementary and alternative medicine, (3) avoiding discussing psychological issues, (4) mobilizing a compassionate and advocating community, and (5) seeking spiritual care through religious practices. Conclusions: Our participants used intricate care networks despite limited resources in navigating palliative care. Several problems were rooted in barriers in the healthcare system and a lack of palliative care awareness among the general public. Local primary health centers could be potential palliative care leaders by building upon pre-existing programs and involving community health volunteers. Cultivating a shared philosophy within the community could strengthen care collaboration and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although prior research has established a relationship between neighborhood structure and intimate partner violence (IPV), much of this literature focuses on serious IPV, despite the fact that less serious forms of IPV comprise the majority of IPV instances. Further, women are far more likely to experience all types of IPV victimization relative to men, especially simple assault, yet the relative importance of neighborhood structure across gradations of IPV and victim sex is relatively unexplored. We use data from Los Angeles, CA, and disaggregate IPV assaults across victim sex to examine whether neighborhood factors have differential effects on simple and aggravated IPV. We find differential effects of neighborhood structure by victim sex, especially for simple assault. Most notably, we find that neighborhood racial composition has significantly greater effects on females relative to male victims of simple IPV assault, while residential stability is protective of women more so than men. Only the percent of vacant or owner-occupied housing was specific to male simple IPV victimization. This suggests that neighborhood-based interventions should differ depending on the type of IPV being targeted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2001, armed conflicts have required extraordinary sacrifices by U.S. military service members and their families. Literature on the impact of the military lifestyle between 2001 and 2021 suggests frequent relocation and deployment have consequences for children. Limited research on the subpopulation of children and youth with special health care needs contains evidence these military families face complex issues, amplifying stressors of military life. The results of this review identified challenges in continuity of care in education, health care, and family support resulting from frequent relocations, plus notable gaps in research. These findings are important because of their potential impact on military readiness, recruitment, and retention. This review appears to be the only peer-reviewed systematic literature review on military-connected children with special health care needs and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from a life course perspective, this paper examines mid/later-life parent–child relationship quality among ethnically diverse families. Focus is on the role of culture, child, and parental characteristics. Data are drawn from a study of 588 parents aged 50+ of a least one child aged 19–35 who reside in Metro Vancouver, B.C. from four Canadian cultural groups: British, Chinese, Persian/Iranian, and South Asian. Using OLS regression methods, we use two dependent variable scales: positive and negative support/interaction appraisals of the relationship. The positive relationship quality scale is associated with South Asian versus British-Canadian parents, mothers, those with greater income satisfaction, and daughters. The negative scale is inversely associated among South Asian versus British-Canadian parents, income satisfaction, parental health, and being unpartnered (vs. partnered). Interaction effects are found between gender and ethnicity. Implications for theorizing and applied recommendations for those who work with culturally diverse aging families are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even when achievement outcomes are equal, some students of color still do not participate in advanced academic or gifted education programs. To better understand this phenomenon, researchers engaged in a research-practice partnership within the local community to explore the experiences of families of color and assess their needs pertaining to advanced learning opportunities for their children. Data were collected during two family outreach events using a semi-structured interview protocol with focus groups. Focus-group interviews were independently coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed challenges and barriers related to accessing enrichment and advanced academic learning opportunities. Some families discussed their personal experiences of racism, bias, and deficit thinking. Overall, themes illustrated how families of color believed they were perceived by educational practitioners and their desire for a sense of belonging and equitable access to high-quality academic programming for their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) newspaper, the Christian Recorder's publication of the formerly enslaved "Information Wanted" advertisements through the mid-1860s to turn of the century as a means through which the AME promoted the ideal of the "family" as positive models for Blacks themselves, also challenging white prejudices concerning family life of the formerly enslaved. Conversely, the formerly enslaved used them as a public forum to narrate, and perhaps begin to make sense of, their own stories of loss and longing and articulating white southern responsibility for the heartache and traumas of slavery that they had caused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Timely diagnosis is critical for persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) to ensure they receive adequate services; however, timely diagnosis may be prevented by a person's English language skills. The purpose of this integrative review was to understand how limited English proficiency (LEP) impacts older Latino's ability to access a timely ADRD diagnosis. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl's methodological approach guided the review. Searches in five databases yielded 12 articles for inclusion. Results: Lack of culturally congruent health care systems, health care providers, and knowledge of ADRD resulted in delays in obtaining a timely ADRD diagnosis among older Latinos with LEP. Discussion: Latinos with LEP and risk for ADRD benefit from language assistance and support in navigating the health care system. Nurses must be advocates, even when a language barrier is present, and recognize that interpreters are not a single source solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979, we used sequence analysis to chart couples' work schedules and family configuration clusters between ages 22 and 53 (n = 5263) to examine the association between family demands from marriage and childrearing and work arrangements between partners via a life course perspective by focusing on nonstandard work schedules, a vital indicator of precarious employment. We also explored whether such an association differs by race–ethnicity. Our sequence analyses uncovered six joint work schedule arrangements and six family configurations between ages 22 and 53, demonstrating the heterogeneity of family and work trajectories over working lives. We found married couples with two children later in life had relatively stable work patterns, whereas married couples with three or more children had the most diversified work patterns between ages 22 and 53. Furthermore, non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely to have relatively vulnerable work patterns than their non-Hispanic White counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from the Dynamics of Social Life During COVID-19 Survey (DSL-COVID), we examine dating and romantic relationship interest among singles amid a global pandemic and loneliness epidemic. This study provides a gendered life course perspective to understanding the heterogeneity of singles' low romantic interest. We find larger gender differences among the previously married than never married singles. In addition, we document a stronger age gradient for single women than men in low romantic interest. We demonstrate that previously married single men's romantic interest may be more responsive to loneliness than that of single women. These results suggest that lonely single men express the strongest desires to seek romance, net of controls, while single women express lower romantic interest. Overall, we argue for the possibility that a non-trivial segment of singles may exhibit low romantic interest, and their inclusion is important for social science research on union and family formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigated topics of conflict across multiple family subsystems (i.e., the romantic couple, parent–adolescent, and parent–younger child) in present-day American families. Research questions were addressed from a nationwide sample of 593 adults parenting at least one child. Findings highlight the heightened severity of conflict in the couple relationship relative to equivalent topics appearing in parent–child subsystems as well as topics with greater conflict severity between parents and adolescents (e.g., being distant) and topics with greater severity between parents and younger children (e.g., food/picky eating). Salient sources of conflict in present-day families (e.g., technology/phone use in the parent–adolescent subsystem, mood and tempers in all subsystems) were also identified. Findings from the study illustrate ways in which conflict topics appear similarly and differently across distinct family subsystems as well as which conflict topics have changed in families over time and those that have remained constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine potential differences in coparenting quality during the COVID-19 pandemic among mothers and fathers using an embedded mixed methods approach. The objectives were to compare mothers' and fathers' scores on the Coparenting Relationship Scale among 150 mother–father dyads, and to examine mothers' and fathers' perceptions of how COVID-19 influenced their coparenting quality using thematic analysis of 159 mothers' and 75 fathers' responses to an open-ended coparenting survey question. While total coparenting quality scores did not differ among mothers and fathers, fathers had significantly higher scores on the division of labour and endorsement subscales, and mothers had significantly higher scores on the undermining subscale. The qualitative thematic analysis identified five key themes: gendered changes to division of labour, increased hostility, increased teamwork, less alone time, and increased stress. Efforts to mitigate adverse pandemic outcomes on families should address coparenting quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents of color are underrepresented in adoption research and as adoptive parents. Consequently, there is limited understanding of racial disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) among adoptive parents. We test two hypotheses: (1) racial disparities in the United States will be reflected in the adoption community (social stratification) and (2) adoptive parents of color may need to overcome additional barriers to adoption, thus having higher SES than White adoptive parents (overcoming barriers). Using 2019 American Community Survey data, we predict adoptive parents' (n = 65,556) SES by race and then compare the SES of adoptive and non-adoptive parents of the same race. Across-race results support a social stratification perspective—White adoptive parents have higher SES than adoptive parents of color. Within-race results, alternatively, show that adoptive parents have higher SES than non-adoptive parents across racial groups. Therefore, although adoptive parents experience socioeconomic advantages, parents of color navigate adoption with fewer resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the clear efficacy and appeal of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families of young children, they are often difficult for families to access due to the limited availability of trained service providers. In recent years, telehealth has emerged as an effective tool for overcoming issues related to access, especially in rural and underserved communities. However, while telehealth offers a strategy to connect with families, it does not address the limited availability of trained providers. In this article, we provide an overview of a statewide model developed to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families while building the capacity of early intervention providers. Through this model, expert consultants connect to caregivers and providers via telehealth to provide information and coaching over a limited series of visits. Collectively, child, caregiver, and provider outcomes support the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of this model while demonstrating that services can be provided successfully to diverse participants. Many families seek access to evidence-based therapy to support their child's learning. Naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention is a set of practices that use a child's natural motivation and interest to teach skills in everyday routines. Many families find naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions appealing and they have been proven to be effective. However, families may not be able to enroll in naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention–based programs due to the limited availability of trained service providers. Telehealth is the use of technology to engage with care providers, including doctors and therapists. Telehealth is an effective tool for improving access to services, especially for people in rural and underserved communities. Telehealth offers a way for providers to connect with families but it does not address the low numbers of trained providers. In this article, we share a statewide model developed to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families while increasing training opportunities for early intervention providers. Through this model, expert consultants worked with caregivers and providers via telehealth for a brief series of visits. During these visits, consultants taught caregivers and providers strategies based in naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Feedback from caregivers and providers, along with improvement in child skills, show that this model was effective and acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Using "digital inequality" as a conceptual framework, this study evaluates the feasibility and usability of a technology-delivered intervention (an "app") for Alzheimer's and related dementia family caregivers. Time for Living and Caring (TLC) is an on-line intervention that provides virtual coaching and self-administered education and resources. Methods: A sample of family caregivers (n = 163) used the tool for 16 weeks, which included completing the Computer Proficiency Questionnaire (CPQ-12) at baseline. Analyses investigate the relationship between age, CPQ scores, intervention use, appraisal, and caregiver outcomes. Results: Age was inversely associated with CPQ; however, CPQ scores did not have a significant relationship with participant's self-perceived benefits or intervention appraisal. Computer Proficiency Questionnaire scores provided insight regarding research feasibility, with lower scores associated with greater odds of discontinuing engagement. Discussion: CPQ-12 scores can be used as a screening tool to identify those who may need additional support to engage with and benefit from technology-delivered interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In all countries, the burden of mental disorders (MDs) spans the entire life course. Smartphones are currently widely used by families with a history of MD looking for the required mental health information. The use of digital media is an alternative to improving the ability of families to care for person with MD at home. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the opportunity and the benefits of e-coaching as a method and media for empowering families of MD person. Methods: This study was a qualitative study that recruited 21 participants. The mean age was 45.7 years old, male 42.9%, and female 47.1%. They were divided into four groups: families who have a family member with MD, nurses who provide mental health services, mental health cadres, and government elements in Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia. An in-depth interview was applied to collect data. Further, the data were analyzed using thematic content analysis using Colaizzi's frame. Results: There were four themes related to the possibility of using e-coaching to empower families with a family member with MD: menus, needs, supporting factors, and hindering factors. The use of information technology can be used to improve the ability to take care of families, especially in treating MDs at home with the e-coaching application. Conclusions: The findings show that developing e-coaching as a method and media is beneficial for person, families, and healthcare providers. In an effort to increase families' capacity to treat MD at home, the findings of this study might be used to create an easy-to-use smartphone e-coaching application. Recommendation: It is essential to establish e-coaching through a smartphone-based application in the Indonesian context. Additionally, to better treat MD person, nurses who provide mental health care should consider utilizing the mobile application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Development of a paediatric palliative care child and family centred outcome measure is a priority for health care professionals, researchers and advocates. It is methodologically challenging to develop a measure relevant for such a heterogenous population with complex needs. Involving children in measuring development is vital. Objective: To develop C-POS:UK (Children's Palliative Care Outcome Scale, UK), a person-centred outcome measure (PCOM) for children with life-limiting conditions and their families, and to test its psychometric properties. Design: Sequential mixed-methods approach to PCOM development, guided by Rothrock's measure development process and COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. Methods: (i) Qualitative interviews about priority symptoms and concerns, with embedded exploration of measure design for children with life-limiting conditions; (ii) systematic review of measure design for children; (iii) modified Delphi survey, and consultation with children, on priority items for new measure; (iv) expert item generation meeting to develop C-POS:UK; (v) cognitive testing to refine C-POS:UK; (vi) psychometric validation. Results: (i) 106 participants described physical, emotional/psychological, spiritual/existential, social and practical concerns. Measure design was discussed by 79 participants comprising preferred response format, recall period and measure administration for children with life-limiting conditions; (ii) systematic review highlighted need for: different versions of measure accounting for child's developmental stage and cognitive ability; parent/carer involvement as proxies for very young children; and testing to clarify recall periods and response formats at different developmental stages; (iii) Delphi survey: 82 participants (in the first round), with a move towards consensus, but with some differing priorities in stakeholder groups: professionals prioritised physical symptoms, parents prioritised psychosocial and practical matters, while consulted children prioritised normality; (iv) 22 experts contributed to item generation meeting, resulting in five versions of C-POS:UK accounting for child's developmental stage and cognitive ability, and proxy involvement; (v) 48 participants cognitively tested initial C-POS:UK, informing comprehension, comprehensiveness and acceptability; (vi) psychometric validation is ongoing. Conclusion: A sequential approach informed by Rothrock and COSMIN has supported development of the first version of C-POS:UK. Psychometric validation is underway and will be followed by implementation planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is sexual violence against women by a current or former sexual partner. Sexual violence among pregnant women is higher in low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which has numerous negative impacts for both the mother and the growing fetus. There is no recent and distinct information on the magnitude and factors associated with IPSV among pregnant women in SSA. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IPSV and its determinants among pregnant women in SSA. Design: A cross-sectional study design using demographic health survey data from 2015 to 2022 in 20 sub-Saharan African countries was used. Methods: The analysis was conducted using a weighted sample of 10,775 women who were pregnant during the survey period (2015–2022). A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of IPSV among pregnant women. The adjusted odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was computed to assess the strength and significance of the association between explanatory and outcome variables. Factors with a p -value of <0.05 are declared statistically significant. Result: In this study, the pooled prevalence of IPSV among pregnant women in SSA was 11.06% (95% CI: 10.48–11.67). Respondents currently working, male-headed households, presence of justified beating, respondent mother's history of abuse, respondent having no media access, respondent having self-reported sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), partner alcohol use, and residing in East Africa had increased odds of IPSV during pregnancy. On the other hand, nulliparous respondents, respondents involved in healthcare decision-making, households with a high wealth index, and residents of West Africa had decreased odds of IPSV among pregnant women. Conclusion: This study revealed that a significant proportion (11%) of pregnant women experienced intimate partner sexual violence during pregnancy in SSA. Hence, the government, policymakers, and other relevant authorities should give special attention to women's at-risk of sexual violence, including women who live in households with justified beatings, women with STIs, working women's, women with drunken partners, and non-autonomous women's. Prioritization of the east African region, increasing media access, and promoting a healthy lifestyle in the community shall be done to reduce the burden of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Perinatal palliative care can offer compassionate support to families following diagnosis of a life-limiting illness, to enable them to make valued choices and the most of the time that they have with their newborn. However, home birth is usually only offered in low-risk pregnancies. Case: A couple who received an antenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and who had made a plan to provide palliative care to their baby after birth requested the option of a home birth. Possible courses of action: Recommend birth at hospital or explore the possibility of a home birth with perinatal palliative care support. Formulation of a plan: Multidisciplinary discussion and collaboration enabled a plan for home birth to be made which anticipated potential complications. Outcome: The baby was born at home and died on day 5 of life receiving outreach nursing, paediatric and palliative care support and buccal and oral opioids for symptom management. We include reflections from the family on the importance of this experience. Lessons: We provide a list of potential criteria for considering home birth in the setting of perinatal palliative care. View: Facilitating a home birth in the setting of perinatal palliative care is an option that can be hugely valued by families, but this service may be practically difficult to deliver in many contexts. Further research is needed to understand the preferences of women and families receiving perinatal palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Maryland's Premature Infant Developmental Enrichment (PRIDE) program is a unique collaborative endeavor between the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Part C program for Baltimore City residents (Baltimore Infants and Toddlers Program; BITP). To evaluate the impact of PRIDE, the current study compared premature infants from low-income families who participated in BITP with (BWP) and without PRIDE (BWOP). A total of 956 premature infants (nBWP = 271; nBWOP = 685) were included in the study. Results showed that infants in BWP were referred at a younger age and stayed in BITP longer. A smaller percentage of parents in BWP withdrew from BITP and a larger percentage of BWP infants were eligible for special education preschool services under Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) at age 3. These findings provide support for the relative benefits of PRIDE to the traditional system of early intervention referral, evaluation, and service coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermarriage between different religions and ethnicities can lead to diversity and conflicts due to differing social preferences and incompatible value orientations. This is especially true when a nonreligious Han woman (87% of Chinese mainland adults are nonreligious) marries a Hui Muslim man, as Islam requires religious endogamy. The strict conversion doctrines and Islamic rules can make family life more difficult and conflicting for these Han women compared to those who have not chosen mixed marriages. This study examines how this group of Han women negotiate their identities and handle conflicts in a multicultural context. Drawing on Hermans' Dialogical Self Theory (DST), this study identifies four strategies the women use to negotiate conflicts between their identifications during interactions with Han and Hui families, and finds that the women develop new, hybrid I-positions, as a way to achieve internal stability, continuity, and belonging while resisting uncertainty, bi-marginalization, and insecuritization. By providing insights into understanding how these individual and micro struggles help to resist macro-societal prejudice and insecuritization for those whose marriage choices do not conform to mainstream standards, this paper holds that a combination of sociolinguistic analysis and psychological perspective can help us grasp the minute and complicated variations and struggles for identity negotiation and the construction of those in mixed marriages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family estrangement is a common yet understudied phenomenon, especially in the sociology of family and personal life. In societies where norms about 'the family' have moved on considerably to include non-biological kinship, blended families, chosen families and so on, an emphasis on close bonds and family rituals is often resilient creating stigma for those who are distant from family. In this article, I offer a sociological analysis of experiences of family estrangement reported via a qualitative survey, and explore three of the family practices involved in maintaining these 'absent present' relationships. This research contributes to and extends literature on family practices, family display and the notion of doing family, by looking at the family practices that are kept off display and the often unseen work that goes into not doing family. In doing so, it speaks to a growing interest in the constitutive role of absent, silenced or hidden aspects of social life, and attending questions about the impacts of such omissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, language and literacy scholars working within a sociocultural framework have laboured to bring attention to the strengths of marginalized students in an effort to create more inclusive and equitable learning environments (e.g., Cummins, 2000 ; Dyson, 1997 ; González et al., 2005 ; Heath, 1983). While this work has moved the field forward in invaluable ways, it has not consistently engaged with processes of marginalization as a complex practice, which has produced gaps in our understanding of how we can best address it in research and practice to the benefit of all learners. Drawing on the notions of literacy socialization (Sterponi, 2012) and syncretic literacy (Duranti and Ochs, 1996 ; Gregory et al., 2013a), in this paper I conduct a close examination of the in- and out-of-school literacy socialization practices of Max Calfu, a seven-year-old Chilean-Canadian boy, over the course of a year-long ethnography that I conducted with his family at their home, at his Spanish-English bilingual public school, and in transit between home and school in a large Western Canadian city. At school, Max's Indigenous identity was regularly rendered invisible by the cultural capital his Chilean-national heritage held within the Spanish bilingual program (Calderón and Urrieta, 2019). Using thematic analysis (Saldaña, 2013), I demonstrate how Max incorporated the wolf figure into his literacy practices over the course of the research year, considering multiple scales of space and time, and in relation to key mediators. My analysis calls attention to the ways in which he drew on his syncretic literacy experiences to author his Indigenous identity in official and unofficial learning spaces. I conclude the paper by arguing that examining syncretism in children's literacy practices can lay the foundation for a more ethically, emotionally, and culturally engaged language education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the transition of employees with intellectual disabilities to inclusive work environments from sheltered workplaces. The study was conducted in a sheltered workplace in Turkey for people with intellectual disabilities. Data was collected from 71 participants in interviews. Interviews were conducted with employees (n = 28), families of employees (n = 24), company human resource managers (n = 8), sheltered workshop foremen (n = 7), and special education teachers (n = 4). The study group asked about the future of the sheltered workplace and participants' views on transition to inclusive work environments. The answers of the participants were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings showed that many participants had positive views about transition along with concerns about accidents and security problems that may occur in inclusive environments. It was observed that negative attitudes and views were related with lack of knowledge about inclusive work environment conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores care experiences while utilising palliative care services of non-western migrant families from the perspectives of patients, family caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Denmark. Twenty-three semi-structured individual and group interviews were conducted among eight patients with a life-threatening disease, 11 family caregivers, and ten healthcare professionals. Thematic analysis revealed three themes: 1) Communication between families and healthcare professionals; 2) Building and lack of trusting relations, and feeling safe, and 3) Access to information and navigating in the healthcare system. Moreover, "language and culture" emerged as transaction themes that are not mutually exclusive, however, interconnect across the mentioned three themes. Non-western migrant families can be supported by healthcare professionals' cultural competency training, negotiating on providing services concerning information, patient preferences, family involvement, and palliative care setting. This study findings urge inter-sectoral collaboration to ensure needs-oriented and linguistically and culturally appropriate palliative care services for non-western migrant families in Denmark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

End-of-life (EOL) conversations with relatives or significant others are often avoided. One reason can be negative expectations regarding these conversations. The present study was conducted to develop and initially validate the End-of-Life Conversations – Expectations Scale (EOLC-E). An exploratory factor analysis (N = 307) resulted in a 20-item version with three distinct dimensions: expected own emotional burden (α =.92), expected other person's emotional burden (α =.94) and communication self-efficacy (α =.89). The EOLC-E total score correlated significantly with communication apprehension about death (r =.62), fear of death (r =.58), death avoidance (r =.52) as well as readiness for end-of-life conversations (r = −.38) and occurrence of previous conversations (r = −.29). Results suggest that the EOLC-E is a reliable and valid instrument to assess death and dying communication expectations. This measure has utility in communication research focusing on optimizing expectations and increasing EOL communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The need to increase exercise and decrease sedentary behaviour in people diagnosed with psychosis is well-recognised. Aims: We set out to explore caregivers' perspectives on what supports and prevents physical activity, and how to use carers' support most effectively. Method: Fourteen caregivers of people diagnosed with psychosis were interviewed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, in collaboration with caregivers. Results: Four themes were developed, the first flagging the importance of physical activity, then the others calling for action: (a) Physical inactivity matters: carers are keen to support efforts to increase physical activity in their family or friends because of the enormous impact physical inactivity has on patients, and consequently on carers themselves, such as social isolation and reduction in their own activity. (b) Tell us: without being well-informed about how to help, carers can feel like they are powerless to stop a 'slow suicide' or 'decline' in patients. (c) Listen to us: through knowing their family and friends well, carers are able to identify important changes in patients and identify successful motivators for them, but these insights can feel uninvited. (d) Ask us: being invited to support activity as a partner in a patients' care is desirable but having offers of help rejected can "demotivate the motivator." Conclusions: Caregivers described strong motivation to help patients to be more physically active but can feel that their support is overlooked and under-used by services. Clinical recommendations for carer involvement in physical activity interventions are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 'Eating out (EO)' has witnessed a significant increase across nations and in India. Understanding food behaviour from an economic standpoint is essential to recognize food systems and nutrition transition. Aim: Our work compared the macro-data on per capita income and gross state domestic product from India with household expenditure on eating out. Using the India Human Development Survey II micro-data we studied the socio-demographic and economic determinants of household expenditure on eating out. Methods: The study design is a secondary data analysis of India Human Development Survey II from a sample of N = 42,152 households. It included socio-demographic and economic predictors, such as religion, caste, residence, migration for work, education, number of household members, income source, total annual income, consumption expenditure and poverty status. Results: No consistent trends emerged in the macroeconomic comparisons using gross state domestic product and per capita income. Results of logistic regression showed that the reserved caste categories OBC [COR 1.2 (1.1–1.2)] and SC/ST/Others [COR 1.1 (1–1.1)], household heads education up to secondary [COR 0.4 (0.4–0.5)] and higher secondary and above [COR 0.7 (0.6–0.8)], urban place of residence [COR 0.55 (0.53–0.58)], organised sector [COR 0.7 (0.6–0.7)] as the income source, higher annual income [COR 0.52 (0.50–0.54)], higher annual consumption expenditure [COR 0.44 (0.42–0.46)] and above poverty line [COR 2.1 (1.9–2.2)] were significantly positively associated with expenditure on eating out (p = <0.05). All these variables stayed significant in the multinomial regression model as well. Conclusion: This analysis confirms the increase in household income along with other demographics, increases the frequency of eating out. However, such trends remained inconsistent in macroeconomic assessments using gross state domestic product and per capita income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Today, food insecurity is recognized as an important public health problem that can have detrimental effects on families. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the determinants and consequences of food insecurity in families having children under the age of 2 years. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 307 mothers and their children under the age of 2 years were selected by stratified random sampling. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected by completing questionnaires through face-to-face interview. Household food insecurity (HFI) status was determined using the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) household food security questionnaire. Results: Based on the results, 67.4% of families were high food secure. Low and very low food security was 25.7% and 6.9%, respectively. House size (Beta = −0.019, 95% CI: −0.029, −0.009), father's job (Beta = −4.758, 95% CI:−6.777, −2.738), father education (Beta = −0.370, 95% CI: −0.717, −0.023), and economic status (Beta = −0.628, 95% CI: −0.809, −0.448) were significantly related to the USDA total food insecurity score (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that children birth weight, father's body mass index (BMI), and mother's waist circumference had a significant positive correlation with weight for age (Z-score) of children. Children's birth weight, father's BMI, and HFI status had significant and positive correlation with weight for length (Z-score). Moreover, the significant association between children's birth height, mother's BMI, and mother's waist circumference with length for age (Z-score) were observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We found the father's job was the most effective factor in food insecurity and economic status of the family was in the second place. Also, HFI had a relationship with weight status of children under the age of 2 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 2004, U.S. state IDEA programs have been required to report annually on a set of performance indicators. Indicator 8 of the Part B State Performance Plan is the "percent of parents who report that schools facilitated parent involvement as a means of improving services and results for children with disabilities." The purpose of this study was to investigate whether changes over time in national and state-level performance on Indicator 8 provide evidence in support of the effectiveness of the accountability requirement related to parent involvement. Data were extracted from states' Annual Performance Reports and other publicly available documents. Findings indicated that national performance on Indicator 8 increased from 63% in 2006 to 76% in 2018. Within-state change in performance from 2014 to 2019 ranged from –13.47% to +42.50%, with several states indicating dramatic year-to-year changes in their reported performance. The findings raise important questions about the extent to which the indicator in its current form can support the dual purpose of holding states accountable for their facilitation of parents' involvement and supporting improvement efforts. Implications for both federal policy and state-level action are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, family firm studies have assumed there is a single family behind the firm. We challenge this assumption and argue that the distinction between multi-founding family firms and single-founding family firms matters. We theorize that multi-founding family firms, based on mutual monitoring among families, have corporate governance advantages (less principal–agent and principal–principal problems) in terms of reduced founder CEO entrenchment and a lower probability of descendent leadership. Furthermore, we argue that multi-founding family firms exhibit higher levels of innovation and performance. Based on U.S. firms during 2001 to 2010, we find robust support for our arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Home-based palliative care is a growing trend, necessitating a deeper understanding of the unique challenges faced by professional staff members in this setting. The shift to home-based care has been driven by advances in technology, changing demographics, and a move toward more patient-centered approaches. As a care setting, the home environment offers distinct characteristics, presenting both advantages and drawbacks for patients and healthcare providers. Objectives: This study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of professional staff members providing palliative care in patients' homes. Design: A qualitative descriptive study. Methods: Qualitative study with 36 home-based hospice professionals using questionnaires and interviews. Thematic analysis identified key themes in staff experiences and challenges. Results: The central theme of "The Professional Guest" highlights the hybrid identity and boundary role professional staff members must navigate, being both medical professionals and guests in the patient's domain. Four sub-themes emerged: (1) Observing and Applying, emphasizing the conscious scanning of the home environment to build trust and tailor care plans; (2) Asking for Permission, respecting the patient's territory and adapting to their norms; (3) Expecting the Unexpected, maintaining flexibility and improvising in unfamiliar situations; and (4) Preparing the Ground for Your Absence, equipping patients and families with comprehensive self-care guidance during professional staff members' absences. Conclusion: The "Professional Guest" phenomenon captures the complexities of providing care in patient's homes, necessitating a delicate balance between professionalism and personal vulnerability. Specialized training programs and policies should be developed to support professional staff members in navigating this hybrid identity and effectively negotiating the boundaries between professional and personal spheres. Plain language summary: Home visits for end-of-life care: understanding healthcare workers' experiences This study looks at how healthcare workers feel about providing end-of-life care in patients' homes. As more people choose to receive care at home rather than in hospitals, it's important to understand the challenges healthcare workers face in this setting. The researchers interviewed 36 healthcare workers from different backgrounds who work for a home-hospice service in Israel. They found that these workers often feel like "Professional Guests" in patients' homes—they need to be both medical experts and respectful visitors. This can be tricky to balance. The study identified four main ways healthcare workers handle this situation: They carefully observe the home environment to build trust and plan care. They ask permission before doing things, respecting that they're in the patient's space. They stay flexible and ready for unexpected situations. They teach patients and families how to manage when healthcare workers aren't there. The study concludes that providing care in patients' homes is complex and requires a delicate balance between being professional and being personally involved. The researchers suggest that special training programs and policies should be created to help healthcare workers navigate these challenges and provide the best possible care for patients at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We articulate an intergenerational model of positive psychosocial development that centers storytelling in an ecological framework and is motivated by an orientation toward social justice. We bring together diverse literature (e.g., racial-ethnic socialization, family storytelling, narrative psychology) to argue that the intergenerational transmission of stories about one's group is equally important for elders and youth, and especially important for groups who are marginalized, because stories provide a developmental resource for resistance and resilience in the face of injustice. We describe how storytelling activities can support positive psychosocial development in culturally dynamic contexts and illustrate our model with a case study involving LGBTQ+ communities, arguing that intergenerational storytelling is uniquely important for this group given issues of access to stories. We argue that harnessing the power of intergenerational storytelling could provide a culturally safe and sustaining practice for fostering psychosocial development among LGBTQ+ people and other equity-seeking populations. Understanding one's identity as part of a group with shared history and culture that has existed through time is important for positive psychological functioning. This is especially true for marginalized communities for whom identity-relevant knowledge is often erased, silenced, or distorted in mainstream public discourses (e.g., school curricula, news media, television, and film). To compensate for these limitations around access, one channel for the transmission of this knowledge is through oral storytelling between generations of elders and youth. Contemporary psychological science has often assumed that such storytelling occurs within families, but when families cannot or would not share such knowledge, youth suffer. We present a model of intergenerational storytelling that expands our ideas around who counts as "family" and how knowledge can be transmitted through alternative channels, using LGBTQ+ communities as a case example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the evolution of Child Protective Services (CPS) from a system focused on investigating serious abuse to one that provides social services to impoverished families. Topics include the impact of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 on family support, various CPS reform initiatives aimed at assisting vulnerable families and the relation between Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) policies and increased cases of child neglect.

Purpose: Research-supported family programmes are proven to be effective in reducing dysfunctional behaviours in youth. A fundamental role is played by professionals with high competence levels and a positive attitude to evidence-based practice (EBP). The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of prior training for the facilitators of the PCF-AFECT, in order to ascertain whether it led to improvements in their competence levels and whether favourable attitudes to evidence-based practice were associated with higher competence levels. Method: A quantitative method was used, with a sample of professionals from Spain (N = 150). Results: Results showed that the training was effective in the case of four categories of professional competencies. Favourable attitudes to EBP were associated with clusters of professionals with higher competencies. Discussion: Both findings contribute scientifically to the identification of the core components or gold standards of training that are needed for the facilitators of research-supported family programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The John Worthy School (JWS) was created at the turn of the twentieth century to house younger male misdemeanants within Chicago's House of Correction separately from older offenders. The JWS reflected reformers', experts', and city leaders' goals of reforming, educating, and punishing juveniles differently from more "hardened" criminals. Although scholars have previously focused on the creation of juvenile courts, few have examined the creation, implementation, and operation of correctional institutions for younger offenders. Doing so highlights the clear tensions in these facilities and the limits of juvenile incarceration. In addition, through the JWS and informal subsidiary institutions, the city of Chicago expanded the reach of the city's power into the lives and families of those detained within the walls of the facility. However, shortly after the JWS closed, such responsibility transferred to county and state authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]