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This article provides an overview of the regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) in Brazil, with a focus on its impact on labor and employment. While AI adoption in Brazilian industry is still limited, a significant portion of jobs in the country are considered highly vulnerable to AI. The article highlights the challenges and lack of regulation surrounding platform work and the potential impact of AI on agriculture. The Brazilian government has established the Brazilian National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (EBIA) to promote responsible AI development and the training of qualified professionals. Additionally, there are bills being drafted to regulate AI and establish principles, rights, and duties for its use, as well as to provide rights for individuals affected by AI systems. The article emphasizes the importance of social dialogue and workers' organizations in protecting workers' rights in the face of AI advancements. [Extracted from the article]

Ethiopia's nation-building is rife with accusations and claims of past atrocities and injustices from the time of Emperor Menelik's southward expansion to recent political discourse since 2018. This article attempts to capture these complexities embedded in the making of the modern Ethiopian state, critiquing both modernization and colonial theses used to explain this process, with an emphasis on Oromo politics, the legacy of political and ideological contradictions in these endeavours. Its analysis, how production and reproduction of Ethiopia's past has led to deep-seated divisions and complicated sense of common citizenship as a precondition for establishing stable democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the advantages of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is that it is a large-scale data collection that allows data to be analyzed on various subpopulations. Since the survey's inception, there have been changes to the population, law, and areas of public interest. In July of 2016, questions were added to the NCVS on citizenship, veteran status, sexual orientation, and gender identity. In addition, changes were made to existing questions on disability status and household income. This allowed for analysis of criminal victimization against more demographic groups. This article discusses these changes and provides estimates of violent victimization by these demographic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although U.S.-based mandatory and preferred arrest laws and policies were created to promote domestic violence survivors' safety, at times they have contributed to the wrongful arrest of women defending themselves against their abusive partners. While these laws and policies are the subject of broad critique, less considered are domestic violence survivors' descriptions of the events that unfold after police officers respond to a domestic violence incident and before they make an arrest. This is an important area of inquiry as these events may highlight how the circumstances leading to wrongful arrest decisions are more complex than the laws and policies alone. Data from the present study came from the author's larger in-depth qualitative investigation of 33 cisgender women's descriptions of their legal and child protection systems involvement. The women were recruited from an antiviolence intervention agency receiving referrals from communities with mandatory and preferred laws and policies. The women had agency contact due to their use of force or alleged use of force. The respondents were diverse across race, age, class, ability, U.S. citizenship status, and sexual identity. The author analyzed the 33 women's 51 interview transcripts and extensive fieldnotes using rigorous iterative analysis and constructivist grounded theory. The analysis revealed that seven of the 33 women, all of whom identified domestic and sexual violence survivorship histories, described a patterned series of events that unfolded after the police arrived at the domestic violence incident and before the police made an arrest. In this study, the author details three of the seven women's stories to demonstrate how a series of events, including police prearrest questioning and their coercively controlling male partners' tactics, facilitated the women's entanglement in what the author refers to as an "arrest web." Their incremental disentanglement from the arrest's impact is also explored. Broad system-focused implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A national system of education in modern nation-states is usually geared towards nation-building and schools play a significant role in grooming children as future citizens. While the dominant and powerful usually emerge as the 'ideal citizen' in the national imagination, the marginalized are constructed as the 'other', vilified, and stigmatised. The school, with its overt and hidden curriculum, operates as a major site for the reproduction of dominant ideology while at the same time creating opportunities for exercising human agency. This article, an ethnographic study, conducted in a government co-educational school in Delhi examines how it sought to mould the students into 'ideal' citizens and how this was received by them. Belonging to a relatively lower socio-economic background compared to the teaching community did they give their acquiescence? Or were they able to exercise their agency to challenge the entrenched power structures in society? Were their responses shaped by their specific social locations and the unfolding of 'cultural politics'? Moreover, when the nature of 'official knowledge' itself has undergone radical shifts and the idea of citizenship has been redefined with the introduction of the National Curriculum Framework 2005, were the students able to leverage the epistemological shifts embodied in the textbooks to reimagine and construct ideas of citizenship regarding marginalised communities? These are some questions that the present article seeks to address. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the civil war in Syria in 2011, migration from Syria in massive numbers has caused various political, demographic, societal, and cultural challenges in Turkey. The focus of this research is on how the issue of naturalization of Syrians as Turkish citizens has been presented in Turkish newspapers and to what extent the dominant perspective on the issue has shifted over time. For our computational textual analysis of Turkish newspaper materials published between 2012 and 2019, we compiled a corpus consisting of 15,276 news items from four newspapers featuring the co-occurrence of the words "Syria*" (Suriye*) and "citizen*" (vatandaş*) in the main body of their text. The newspapers include mainstream and pro-government (Milliyet with liberal tendencies, Sabah with center-right tendencies), and left-wing (Sol, Evrensel) perspectives. A two-step textual analysis was conducted on the corpus. First, dictionary-based topic modeling was used to chart which broader topics Turkish citizenship of Syrians is predominantly linked to the data, and how the predominance of topics shifted over time. Second, a collocation analysis of the word "refugee" (mülteci) yields a more fine-grained picture of the specific words and expressions that tend to appear often when Syrian refugees are discussed. In both steps, an aggregated general analysis was complemented with separate newspaper-specific analyses, thus allowing for the comparison of different newspapers. Findings show that Syrians in Turkey predominantly feature in the context of diplomatic and societal topics. While mainstream news sources approach the issue less critically, left-wing newspapers show more sensitivity to migrant rights in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the contestation about khwajasara corporeality—legal, medical and activist claims about the khwajasara body—and how it has been subjected to state projects of welfare and citizenship in South Asia. The khwajasara/hijra body was a suspicious and a transgressive body for the colonial state, but it has become a target of legal and medical forms of knowledge with the transformation of the "transgender" as a new subject of citizenship in South Asia. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the khwajasara community in Pakistan, this paper examines how new "grid[s] of intelligibility" (Butler, 2001: 629) informed by legal and medical forms of expertise mediate rights claims as well as fuel social imaginary about khwajasaras—making the body of khwajasara legible as a Gender X citizen while also providing a new political context to which khwajasaras diversely respond. My analysis suggests that the new "citational apparatus" (Mitra, 2020: 111) concerning khwajasara corporeality makes khwajasaras "deserving" subjects of state welfare and protection, but only through introducing new forms of welfare surveillance, mediated by legal and medical experts. The paper suggests that as an object of state intervention as well as a means to elude legibility and demand equality and rights, the body remains central to governmental projects of welfare, governance and citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that in the turn towards the human-centric in Finnish welfare reform, the human is a flexible signifier which arises out of technical metaphor to stand for certain neoliberal fantasies regarding welfare citizenship, market society and the state. I situate my analysis in the preceding literature on the cultural production of the citizen in market-oriented welfare reform. Through a close reading of user representations in a governmental AI Programme seeking transform the welfare state towards human centricity, I identify three dominant articulations of the human : the machinic, the inadequate and the entrepreneurial. These articulations disambiguate the human-in-the-centre as a chimaeral fantasy representing a late-neoliberal policy regime and evince the role of the imagination of engineers in government technopolitics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the concepts of citizenship and exclusion in the writings of the nineteenth-century Chinese American figure Wong Chin Foo (1847–1898) and situates his works within the context of Chinese Exclusion in the United States. Against a backdrop of intensifying racial violence and legal and social exclusion, Wong repudiated racial stereotypes that were used to justify Chinese exclusion. He argued that the Chinese were culturally and morally distinctive but assimilable to American society. Central to his argumentative strategy was his critical reappropriation of the idea of the Chinese as unassimilable "heathens." However, his conception of citizenship as conditional on "character and fitness" exposed the exclusionary nature of American citizenship and reinscribed its boundaries along racial and class lines. In treating Wong as a political thinker in his own right, this essay makes three contributions. First, it offers a historical elucidation of what Gordon Chang has called "the politics of the excluded." Wong's works show how central categories of politics and political thinking—like citizenship—are reconfigured by the very people those categories were designed to exclude. Second, this essay offers an alternative interpretive framework for reading texts within Asian American political thought and intellectual history. Finally, this essay forms a theoretical intervention by showing how Wong discloses the peculiarities of Asian American positionality in debates about racial citizenship in America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines German naturalization policies through an analysis of naturalization guidelines from 1921 to 2000 supplemented by archival research into their implementation. The substantive focus, first of all, is on the extent to which naturalization in Germany has become more or less discriminatory in ethnic and economic terms as well as on how one aspect of gender discrimination relating to the naturalization of spouses intersects with ethnicity. Second, is citizenship a privilege bestowed by the state solely at the state's discretion and in accordance with state interests or is there a right to citizenship? The paper shows that negative ethnic discrimination, at least in its explicit varieties, has largely disappeared, and economic self-sufficiency has always been a prerequisite for naturalization, but the most recent statutory changes limit exceptions to this requirement. For executive discretion, we see a broad shift over time toward limiting state discretion with exercises of administrative discretion becoming fully reviewable by courts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a roundtable conversation via Zoom, teachers, pastors, and graduate students discussed the place of gender, citizenship, and faith in their identity formation and social accountability to articulate a hermeneutical lens specific to Southeast Asian contexts that shape and critique queer identities. These participants—primarily ministers, theological students, and seminary formators—engaged in organic, fluid, and multifocal turns to capture experiences that undergird the realities of women and LGBTQIQ+ people of faith in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lolland-Falster Health Study (LOFUS) was a health examination survey that included self-administered questionnaires, clinical examinations, and the collection of biological samples, undertaken in 2016–2020 in a rural, socioeconomically deprived area with the lowest life expectancy in Denmark. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of non-participation in LOFUS to evaluate the extent to which LOFUS data reflected the general population of the area. Methods: LOFUS invited randomly selected subjects together with their entire household. As determinants of non-participation, we analyzed age, sex, municipality of residency, citizenship, residency status, socioeconomic status, invitation type, and year of invitation. Relative risk regression was used to estimate the association between determinants and non-participation rate, mutually adjusted for other determinants. Results: In total, 53,313 subjects were invited of whom 18,949 (36%) participated. In the multivariable analysis, men had a 3% higher non-participation rate than women; subjects with citizenship other than Danish had a 3% higher non-participation rate than Danes. In-migrants had 6% higher non-participation than long-term residents. Compared with self-supported subjects aged 30–64, both publicly supported subjects of this age and younger and older subjects had higher non-participation rates: 16%, 16%, and 13%, respectively. Compared with self-supported, long-term residents, publicly supported in-migrants had 23% higher non-participation. Conclusions: Only about one third of subjects invited to LOFUS participated. Yet, this is a relatively high participation rate compared with other recent health examination surveys in Denmark. Furthermore, there was a relatively flat social gradient in the non-participation rate across the studied determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biometric identity project in India called Aadhaar was established with the purported intent of giving every resident of India a unique ID to ensure that social security measures and other welfare mechanisms would reach the last mile. The collection of biometrics (fingerprints, eye scans and photographs), it was emphasised, was to ensure that no duplicates were created and each ID would be unique, and thus was built the world's largest data management project. However, since then, there have been several problems of duplication, implementation issues, failure of infrastructure, security breaches and privacy issues. Buttressing the digital identity project have been several moves to push digitalisation in other spheres as well. The article intends to study this digitalisation of individual identity in India and posit that there are several pockets of resistance that challenge this framing of the digitalised citizen as a data subject and the reduction of individual identity into biometrics alone. There are two people's movements that show how this digital turn towards a technological understanding of citizenship is being challenged: the widespread peaceful protests of 2019–2020 against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), and the 2015–2016 Save the Internet campaign for net neutrality. This author hopes to show that both online and offline, the ideas of what it means to be a citizen of India remain in flux, challenging the notion of a passive data subject and positing a political, rights-bearing citizen in opposition to it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executive Summary: During his first administration, former President Trump adopted aggressive anti-immigrant policies, which included family separation, a ban on individuals from Muslim-majority countries, stringent border policies like the Remain in Mexico and Title 42, and attempted terminations of programs such as Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for several national groups. Attorneys and representatives for immigrants had some success in pushing back against the administration's most extreme measures through litigation and advocacy. Should they return to the White House, Trump and his supporters have promised to enact an even more draconian anti-immigrant agenda, including a commitment to conducting the largest mass deportation in U.S. history, ending birthright citizenship (which is guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment), and revoking humanitarian protections for those already in the United States. Many of these efforts, of course, will be challenged in court. This article summarizes 10 likely immigration initiatives under a second Trump administration. It seeks to educate members of the public who value the crucial role and myriad contributions of immigrants and refugees — past and present — in the United States. It will also outline how advocates can fight to protect their clients from these measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using participatory observations accompanied by video and audio recordings, this article investigates how negotiations about play scripts evolve during play in two Waldorf kindergartens. In particular, this study aims to examine how child-initiated play can contribute to the development of basic democratic skills in early childhood. The concept of resistance proposed by Gert Biesta has been a theoretical starting point for analysis. Hence, this article investigates how and what kinds of resistance are offered through play negotiations with unprocessed, open-ended play materials typical of Waldorf kindergartens. The analysis reveals that resistance is offered by the play materials, previous play scripts, and play partners. In addition, open-ended play materials seemed to add more complexity to negotiations than industrially processed toys. Consequently, the risk of failure in such negotiations becomes more intrusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the influence of soul at work on discerning millennial employees was analysed, keeping in mind the newer workforce and less paid attention to the nurturance of their soul and discernment. This article also studies and investigates the mediating and moderating roles of personal and contextual resources. 624 respondents (367 office and 257 online) were interviewed working as executives in manufacturing and service industries (public and private) from eastern and northern India. Data was gathered using a cross-sectional study, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to study the hypothesis. The findings indicated a relationship between soul at work and discerning millennial employees. The impact of meditation and moderation was also found in this relationship. The study adds to the literature on the soul at work by combining it with discerning millennial employees, demonstrating its uniqueness and importance for the desired outcome. This research explains unique results with meaningful discussion and practical suggestions derived from the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What kinds of feminist projects are made possible by (dis)analogising race and gender and/or transing them? The article asserts that an arbitrary separation is enacted when the transgender-transracial question is pulled apart such that an examination of the conceptual prefix that connects the two, i.e. trans, is discarded for an examination of the elements that allow for their separation – race and gender. Rather than affirm a (dis)analogy between race and gender, the article offers two correctives to the feminist discourse around transracialism / the possibility of reading race as malleable. First, I contest the shock value of transracialism by suggesting that a modality of transracial crossing has existed in the feminist imagination in the form of transnational, diasporic crossings that are separate, though not disparate, from transgender crossings. Second, through a glimpse into the history of racial prerequisite cases in early twentieth-century USA, I suggest the necessity of deploying trans analytics to understand the ways in which race has been made unevenly malleable in highly regulated and contested ways for different populations in different historical contexts. Race operated as fluid, flexible terrain accessed and claimed through discourses of citizenship and diaspora with mixed success. Hence, the article offers diaspora and citizenship, rather than the cultural and biological, as key analytics that enable the mapping of trans formations through patterns of migration and movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a case study of non-citizen Palestinian workers in the Israeli construction sector, this article explores the dynamic relationship between the exclusionary imperative of ethnonationalism and the inclusionary imperative of neoliberalism. The authors argue that these imperatives together constitute a heuristically useful framework that can help to explain the choices of social actors and the constraints on these choices, as well as the apparently contradictory developments that affect industrial relations institutions and the employment relationship more broadly. While neoliberalism generally weakens organized labor, the study shows how the dynamic between these two imperatives can open space for the inclusion of disenfranchised ethnonational groups within collective labor relations—a first step to political empowerment. The study thus re-asserts the importance of organized labor as a powerful actor able to engender progressive change, even for the "ethnonational other" under rigidly ethnonationalistic regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health disparities persistently cause inequity and social exclusion. Extensive research underpins the need to embrace the social determinants of health and facilitate network learning at various ecosystem levels. Despite valuable quality frameworks and ratified conventions, local practices which counter health inequity are scarce. Methods: The Dutch HOP-TR study collected health and needs of Homeless Service Users (HSU) in a rights-based, transdiagnostic, recovery framework. We assessed the survival modes and conducted a socio-ecological analysis, exploring what happened in care pathways at three ecosystem levels: individual HSU, caregiver networks, society. While documenting vital conditions for growth and citizenship, we explore major opportunities to develop 'fair space for life'. Results: Under low distress levels, prosocial behavior is prominent (32.9%). High distress levels are found with an avoidant (42.0%) or aggressive mode (24.9%). Rising distress levels give more frictions in relations, psychiatric admissions, and police-justice contacts. The distress-induced descent in the social hierarchy causes social withdrawal, alienation, and marginalization. At society level, fair conditions for growth and citizenship are challenged by the cumulative impact of distress over the HSU' lives. Discussion: This care monitor uncovers the impact of distress on caregiver interactions. The care pathways reveal that the survival strategies reflect a systematic, pervasive neglect. Unfair representations hold HSU personally responsible of their situation, disregarding the cumulative impact of environmental conditions over their lives. The diverse sources of unfairness are intrinsic to the health care system and culture. Therefore, the survival modes ask for profound culture transformations in a whole-system-whole-society approach. Conclusion: Given the need for action on health equity and the social determinants of health, this paper provides an example of a dynamic care monitor. The actionable data elicit dialogs and stimulate to enrich opportunities for inclusion and growth in communities and societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes mixed-status family work dynamics and identifies children's work contributions. Most studies on work in mixed-status families in the United States leave out women's contributions and ignore children's contributions. This paper focuses on children's contributions and the tasks they do to lighten mixed-status families' overall workload. Results show children are aware of family's work and how they redistribute and collaborate for the family unit. Children assess contributions across contexts reflecting an awareness of the socioeconomic interrelatedness of family, despite stratifying effects of legal status, demonstrating what it takes to live and work as mixed-status families in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Worldwide, 50 million people are living with dementia. As more individuals develop dementia while still working, dementia will increasingly become a workplace issue and a societal concern. Interventions targeted at work retainment, can reduce, and postpone the loss of cognitive functioning following dementia. However, there is a small body of research focused on recommendations for work interventions for people with dementia. The aim of this mixed-methods review was to investigate experiences of work following a dementia diagnosis from the perspective of people with dementia, their relatives, employers, co-workers and HR-professionals, with the objective of formulating recommendations for work interventions for people with dementia. A mixed-method approach guided the review. 16 original studies published between 1989 to 2023 were included, with a collective sample of 684 participants. The review shows that it is possible to live and work well with dementia, if collaborative solutions are continuously negotiated to meet the needs of the person with dementia and the workplace, and with attention to possible contextual enablers and barriers. The review highlights four key elements for successful work interventions for people with dementia: 1) Person-centered Approach, 2) Contextual Relevance, 3) Knowledge-based and 4) Dynamic Approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose the Critical Diversity Literacy (CDL) framework for citizenship education in contemporary heterogeneous societies. It encourages an anti-essentialist, power-conscious awareness of difference beyond notions of citizenship that have been constitutive of the nation and tend to normalise masculinity, patriarchy, heterosexuality, able-bodiedness and whiteness. Using intersectionality and decoloniality heuristics, we approach multicultural citizenship from the multiple axes of our identities as we inhabit the world more complexly than mere belonging to the nation-state. The framework synthesises insights from contemporary social theory into a usable scaffolding for diversity capacitation. The ten principles focus on intersectionality, social identities and positioning, historical awareness, diversity vocabulary, the coded nature of hegemonic power and personal engagement. Taken together, they promote an approach to multicultural citizenship that focuses on social justice and pushes us to recognise the lived experience of citizenship 'from below'. The framework has proved useful in designing curricula and interventions in different contexts and sectors and can be utilised to develop age-appropriate materials in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medieval citizenship is often defined as the rights and duties that individuals had in medieval polities, including political participation, individual protection within the city in cases of legal or commercial conflicts, or the privilege of being judged by certain courts, rather than by others, and by one's peers, rather than by foreigners. Typically, the status of citizen was further bound to the taxes individuals of that polity had to pay or the military duties they had to fulfil. This understanding of citizenship differs significantly from the ways scholars in the field of political sciences have been discussing the term over the past two decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates 'acts of citizenship' and forms of belonging among Jews within the medieval Holy Roman Empire. Positing that citizenship was not just a matter of official status, it looks at 'acts of citizenship', such as oath-taking and sealing practices, showing how these were integral elements in the relationship between an individual and the town in which they lived. I argue that both oath-taking and sealing practices, with their performative elements, are therefore valuable indicators of Jewish belonging in urban settings. Through this investigation, a deeper understanding of the multifaceted and ever-changing roles that Jews had and were able to obtain in the medieval Holy Roman Empire can be gained and, ultimately, also applied to other social groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which editor discusses various articles within the issue on topics including Experiences of Citizenship in Late Medieval Southern German Land; how the Jews in eleventh-century Fusṭāṭ resided throughout the city, and Jews in the Holy Roman Empire.

Categorising certain forms of human movement as 'migration' and others as 'mobility' has far-reaching consequences. We introduce the migration–mobility nexus as a framework for other researchers to interrogate the relationship between these two categories of human movement and explain how they shape different social representations. Our framework articulates four ideal-typical interplays between categories of migration and categories of mobility: continuum (fluid mobilities transform into more stable forms of migration and vice versa), enablement (migration requires mobility, and mobility can trigger migration), hierarchy (migration and mobility are political categories that legitimise hierarchies of movement) and opposition (migration and mobility are pitted against each other). These interplays reveal the normative underpinnings of different categories, which we argue are too often implicit and unacknowledged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the image of the Arab 'uncertain body' by introducing two theoretical tools: first, the practice of sojourner passing: that is, an abrupt and temporary event limited in space and time in order to gain access to sexual, financial or militarised goals; second, the uncertainty of the Muslim male body. In the Israeli context, the fear of the Arab 'uncertain body' manifests itself in two main ways: (1) the fear of Arab sojourner passers who threaten sites of nationhood; and (2) Arabs who try to assimilate are blamed for passing as civilised, disguising their true monstrous nature. The Israel–Palestine context is unique in that it offers intriguing insights into passing in a non-western society, where the ethnic differences are blurred and hence anxiety is more pronounced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the important aspect of India's democratic decline, the ascendance of the Hindu majoritarian state, and its relationship with the law. It argues that the law is central to the Hindu majoritarian project but often in obscurely informal ways. India's majoritarian state seeks to radically reconfigure the law in Indian social life by making the rule of law inapplicable to its minorities. Through a series of examples drawn from the everyday socio-legal life in contemporary India, the article shows how arbitrary and extralegal state violence is endorsed, affirmed, and acquiesced on grounds of serving ethnonationalist values and interests. It theoretically develops the novel interpretive framework of 'the irregular' to capture the practices of the ethnicization of the law, ethnonationalist legitimisation of extra-legality through intense political mobilisation, and the production of subordinated minority citizenship without the formal incorporation of graded citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intersex infants and individuals are subjected to inhuman violations, such as intrusive medical procedures and discriminating practices, all over the world. In India, it is a direct violation of the fundamental rights bestowed upon citizens. The article looks critically at the introduction of a third category, 'intersex'/'cannot be identified', in birth and death registrations in Kerala. By locating the discourse within larger global discourses on intersexuality in general, and around gender minorities and sex minorities in India in particular, it argues that the legal recognition of intersexuality through the introduction of the third category but without other structural changes is a superficial attempt at fulfilling the imperatives of inclusion and recognition of intersex individuals as citizens with fundamental rights. A holistic approach that considers the legal, sociocultural and economic dimensions is required for the well-being of intersex infants and individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for self-determination of various nationalities has been central to the sociopolitical and cultural life of Assam, a northeastern state of India. The Statutory Autonomous Councils formed under the State Act are a non-territorial arrangement to address the question of self-determination without marking boundaries between co-habiting communities and therefore are a unique model of integration. However, this has led to conflicting situations reflecting how 'integration' emerges as a site of negotiation, redefines inter-community relationships, and challenges the state's intervention in the matter. Drawing from a village study, this article endeavours to probe self-determination as a tool of (dis)integration, as a site of negotiation and argues that the various ways of addressing the question of self-determination adopted by the new nation-state ultimately affect the historically produced inter-community relationships. Methodologically, the article seeks to revisit the promises of 'village study' through the multicultural habitat named Panbari, a village in the northeast of Assam, and reflects how the every day in a small village establishes a guiding conversation with the everyday in a multicultural nation-state of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article reports on 20 years application of a user involvement methodology that was developed in the context of social work – the BIKVA Model. Through an analysis of its practical implementation, a novel form of action research emerges: Synthesised Action Research (SAR). Method: A scoping review of 69 practitioner reports is conducted and inductive content analysis is used. Results: The application of the BIKVA Model by practitioners reveals new variations that represent empirical translations which make the model fit better to various purposes and levels of engagement. Moreover, it highlights its application in policy areas beyond the original scope: social work. Conclusion: By identifying and elaborating the SAR contribution, the article demonstrates that considerable insights can be gained from analysing practitioners use of academic models and methodologies, providing a more nuanced understanding that can be used to enrich and nuance what was originally intended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of studies acknowledge the role of a liminal legal status as well as geopolitical factors in constituting a demand for an alternative citizenship. Less is known about the effects of war or political turmoil in countries of nationality for populations who live outside those countries in places with little or no permanent settlement paths. This paper takes the case of Syrian nationals born and raised in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to explore the impact of war in Syria on their considerations about, and for some, experiences of, migration, including through asylum-seeking in Europe. It argues that this migration is less about relocation to the "West" and more about a solution to restrictions tied to their liminality in the UAE, as well as their citizenship by birth. By pursuing "stronger" passports from elsewhere, they seek an ability to choose where they live — including the option to stay "home" in the UAE or maintain links there. This paper introduces the notion of circumstantial citizenship to better understand how, when, and for whom citizenship matters in restrictive migration contexts. By engaging with key debates in migration studies, such as volition, alternatives, and options, circumstantial citizenship conceptualizes people's complex journeys as they navigate liminality, changing conditions, international borders, and limited resources to access the long-term security of a better passport. Findings provide significant insights into the role of restrictive migration policies in shaping the value and meaning of citizenship and driving onward migration in complex ways today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizenship as an object of study goes beyond the mere recognition of formal rights and responsibilities and includes cultural and social practices in different spheres. In this sense, the exercise of citizenship is linked to different forms of political participation. Recent studies show that young people are distanced from traditional political participation and prefer alternative civic practices. Within this framework, the present study aims to investigate the social representations of citizenship of Argentinean adolescents (N = 32) aged between 16 and 18. To this end, participants were asked to elaborate a narrative about their experiences with citizenship in the framework of semi-structured interviews guided according to the Piagetian clinical method. The results obtained allow the construction of four analytical categories intended to describe how these adolescents represent citizenship: civic engagement, rights, nationality and voting. It is concluded that there is a plurality of social representations of this object, and it is necessary to elucidate their development, maintenance and transformation processes in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with public insurance (PUBs) face more difficulty obtaining orthopaedic appointments and have longer wait times than privately insured patients (PVTs). These delays are associated with greater injury severity at the time of surgery, which affects sports injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament tears where early surgical stabilization leads to better outcomes. Additionally, previous evidence showed that patients with limited English proficiency often must rely on informal translation services, such as family members or friends, to communicate with their orthopaedic surgeons, which may represent a disparity in the care provided. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that PUBs would be less likely to obtain an appointment compared with PVTs and that most providers would not offer professional translation services to Spanish-speaking patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The authors called 50 randomly selected orthopaedic surgeons' offices in California specializing in sports medicine to request an appointment. Each office was called 4 times in random order for the hypothetical patient having either private or public insurance and speaking either Spanish or English. Results: The hypothetical PUB had significantly decreased access to an appointment (19% of offices offered an appointment) when compared to the PVT (73.8% offered an appointment). Independent private practice (IPP) offices were less likely to accept public insurance (13.3%) compared with offices at academic medical centers (57.1%). There was no difference in access to an appointment for the Spanish- versus English-speaking patient. Translation services were offered at 73.8% of the orthopaedic offices. Conclusion: Overall, the data illustrated disparities in access to pediatric orthopaedic care for PUBs compared to those with private insurance. Disparities were most prominent in IPP settings, which were less likely than academic offices to accept public insurance. Additionally, it was found that 73.8% of the offices the authors contacted offered Spanish translation services. Interventions should focus on increasing acceptance of public insurance and translation services in IPP settings. Future studies should expand this analysis to other languages and investigate the potential impacts of language on the quality of care provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the intersecting experiences of perceived racial discrimination, poverty-related stress (PRS), and civic efficacy with psychological functioning in preadolescents. The sample consisted of 129 low-income, racially and ethnically diverse preadolescents. Hierarchical linear regression analyses found that perceived racial discrimination and PRS were associated with greater psychological problems, as reported by parents and youth. High levels of both perceived racial discrimination and PRS together resulted in even higher psychological problems, as reported by parents. Lastly, civic efficacy significantly moderated the relationship, where higher civic efficacy in the presence of both discrimination and PRS was associated with fewer psychological problems. In conclusion, these findings suggest that considering both stressors as intersecting rather than additive stress may better explain the mental health disparities among low-income and Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) youth. Additionally, empowering resources, such as civic efficacy, may promote positive development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, scholars have investigated norms of citizenship by focussing primarily on 'dutiful' and 'engaged' norms. In the meantime, contemporary democracies have witnessed growing demands for more sustainable styles of living and increasing public support for authoritarian and populist ideas. These developments point to both a change and an expansion of conventional understandings and conceptions of what a 'good citizen' in a democratic polity ought to do. Specifically, they raise questions about whether demands for more sustainability and increasing support for populist ideas establish new facets of democratic citizenship, and if so, how they can be meaningfully incorporated into existing images of citizenship. This study provides a re-conceptualization of citizenship norms and empirically tests a new measurement instrument using original data collected in Germany in 2019. The empirical application of an expanded set of items demonstrates the existence of more variegated facets of norms of citizenship, including norms to safeguard a sustainable future and distinct populist facets emphasizing the relevance of trust in authorities and experts as well as reliance on feelings and emotions. Contemporary conceptions of citizenship thus go beyond conventional distinctions between dutiful and engaged norms of citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focusing on the implementation of social policies in São Paulo (Brazil) during the 2000s, this article critically examines the commodification of poverty. The article explores the impact of the introduction of market logics and privatization as shaped in respect to social protection in a context where the informalization of labour is growing. The text begins with a discussion of social citizenship in Brazil and its transformation over time. Thereafter, the article unpacks the 'commodification processes' of social policies during the 2000s to unfold how this influences the organization of a competitive and social labour market outsourced especially to NGOs and associations. The creation of indicators of productivity and 'social participation' as well as the introduction of measures to incentivize entrepreneurship, the article suggests, become entries into accessing social rights. The ways in which social workers and beneficiaries experience processes of financialization and monetarization of social aid, the article shows, indicate changing understandings of social citizenship and its implications for the poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across much of the South, digital technologies are increasingly central to the expansion of state social protection systems. Supported by major development agencies, many of these distributive technologies are developed and implemented by financial technology companies with the specific aim of accelerating financial inclusion. While researchers have documented the influence of these financial actors and logics over social policy, we know less about how these interventions are transforming the experience of receiving social protection. Based on qualitative and observational research with social grant recipients in South Africa, this research demonstrates how digital and financial technologies produce confusion, informational opacities and new forms of exclusion among grant recipients. It suggests that the increasingly prominent role of financial technologies in the delivery of social protection undermines state capacity and further entrenches the influence of neoliberal logics over social policy. Finally, the article suggests that these technologies may be transforming the nature of social citizenship in South Africa, undermining efforts to advance universal and redistributive social protection policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite research having identified two major routes to status: dominance and competence, both routes seem inadequate to capture the "whole picture" of how people get ahead in organizations. Building on social exchange theory and social status literature, we identify two novel paths and their important boundary conditions by which employees with status motivation can achieve status. Specifically, we propose that employees with status motivation obtain status (operationalized as other-perceived status and promotability) by engaging in ingratiation toward their supervisors and organizational citizenship behavior directed toward individuals. In addition, these relationships are weakened in teams where the procedural justice climate is high. Results from four studies conducted in China and the United States, which consist of three experiments (Study 1: N = 240; Study 2: N = 180; Study 4: N = 309) and one field study of 427 employees from 74 teams (Study 3), provide support for most of the propositions we proposed. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's globalized scenario, where advancements in technologies have facilitated people to connect, communicate and collaborate, and where organizations are striving to create an ecosystem that develops sustainable competitive advantage, people issues become a key factor. Organizations, therefore, require an understanding of the business scenario, organizational context and employee characteristics that influence employee behaviour and their workplace relationships as well as their intentions to stay. Though all organizations expect their employees to act with a sense of trust and commitment, the business context of family- and non-family firms are unique and different. While family firms are characterized by the family's value system and emotions in building strong employee engagement, non-family firms are transactional and driven by outcomes. The study explores differences in organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour between family- and non-family firms, and it draws on the tenets from the Social Exchange theory. The data has been collected from 634 dyadic responses captured at two levels—employees' self-reported commitment levels and their citizenship behaviour rated by their managers. Our results show that, in the Indian context, the employees of family firms demonstrate a higher affective, continuance and normative commitment as compared to those of non-family firms. However, the two groups did not differ significantly in their organization citizenship behaviour. It was also found that the relationship between organizational commitment and citizenship behaviour was stronger in employees of family firms than in employees of non-family firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a review of three books that examine the relationship between race and suburban life in America. The first book, "The Changs Next Door to the Diazes" by Wendy Cheng, focuses on the experiences of diverse residents in California's West San Gabriel Valley, challenging the dominance of whiteness in suburban narratives. The second book, "Citizen Brown" by Colin Gordon, explores the struggles of African Americans for citizenship and equality in St. Louis, particularly in relation to segregation and policing. The third book, "Race and the Suburbs in American Film" edited by Merrill Schleier, delves into the role of race in the construction and representation of suburban neighborhoods through film. These books offer valuable insights into the complexities of race in suburban America. The text also discusses the issue of racial segregation in St. Louis, examining its impact on housing, education, and the justice system. It explores the historical factors that have contributed to segregation, such as zoning policies, white flight, and urban renewal projects. Additionally, the text explores how these issues are reflected in American films, particularly those set in suburban areas, and how cinema can both perpetuate and challenge racial exclusion. The authors argue that understanding the connections between race, suburbia, and neoliberalism is crucial for addressing and dismantling systemic racism. [Extracted from the article]

This article reports on a scoping review exploring understandings of family and domestic violence (FDV) against women with disability (WWD) within the literature and constitutes the second article in a two-part series, the first critiquing the categorization and measurement of FDV and disability. We report findings from qualitative studies included in the review, predominantly interpretivist and critical in orientation. The scoping review included 43 articles, 15 of which are included here, as they draw upon data directly from the perspectives of WWD. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted, utilizing both inductive and deductive coding, and consultation between the authors. The analysis highlighted experiences of disability-based abuse, the nexus of ableism and sexism within the everyday, and meanings of justice and resilience for WWD. Disability-based abuse was perpetrated primarily by intimate partners, including financial and physical disability-based abuse, and was used to exploit and perpetuate situations of isolation. Sexist and ableist expectations, assumptions, and attitudes converged in everyday encounters within the community, with workers and systems. However, WWD reported strategies of resistance, healing, coping, and moving on in the aftermath of FDV and indicated what can be done to promote justice, both personally and within systems. The findings were discussed drawing on Axel Honneth's theory of recognition to highlight the mechanisms by which recognition and respect can be enhanced to enable full access to citizenship, in particular, for WWD to live free from violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to address systemic inequality within social work by examining Canadian social workers' attitudes toward immigrants who are permanent residents (PR), refugees, temporary residents (TR), or undocumented immigrants. Using a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample (n = 653), we explore how social workers' attitudes toward immigrants vary in relation to (a) respondents' demographics, (b) contact with immigrants, (c) perceptions of equal opportunities among immigrants, (d) perceptions of deservingness for immigrants with different legal statuses, and (e) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these attitudes. Findings: While Canadian social workers generally express positive attitudes toward immigrants, there is a slightly stronger endorsement for PR and refugees to access public services compared to nonstatus (NS) immigrants and TR. Social workers who identify as conservative or have limited contact with immigrants are more likely to perceive NS immigrants as potential criminal threats or burdens on the healthcare system. Significantly, a majority of respondents feel that their social work training inadequately prepares them to work effectively with immigrants. Applications: Canadian social workers advocate for principles of diversity, inclusion, and commitment to social justice. However, perceptions regarding which immigrants deserve access to social services vary based on legal status, suggesting a limitation in social workers' professional mandate. The study discusses implications for social work education and training, emphasizing the need to address and unsettle systemic racism within the profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mindfulness meditation has enjoyed growing popularity in the UK over the last few decades and is increasingly found in many educational settings. To date, existing empirical research on mindfulness in education has focused primarily on its efficacy, rather than more sociological concerns. This article draws on qualitative data from a major research study entitled 'Mapping Mindfulness in the UK' to investigate the motivations and aspirations of mindfulness practitioners for promoting and delivering mindfulness in educational contexts. The analysis argues that some of the existing theoretical critiques of mindfulness as a neo-liberalising self-technology are too reductive and do not take adequate account of the views and experiences of practitioners. For participants in this study, mindfulness in education was more than an individualised self-help therapeutic tool, but was instead a uniquely versatile practice, representing multiple possibilities for individuals and society. The research makes significant contributions to several fields of sociological inquiry, including on mindfulness, mental health and wellbeing, and education and citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistical literacy is critical for all sociology students because it facilitates academic and professional success, high-paying jobs, and informed citizenship. Most students, however, lack adequate statistical literacy to engage with sociological research. Within that general deficit, there are gender, racial, and social-class differences, with students from historically marginalized groups starting and staying behind. In this conversation, we argue that to deepen statistical literacy and reduce inequalities, instructors must be willing to sacrifice breadth of content to attend to students' psychosocial needs throughout sociology curricula, especially in courses where quantitative methodology is not the core focus. We synthesize prior literature into a holistic psychosocial approach for teaching quantitative sociology content at all course levels: build interest and motivation, foster a growth mindset, develop statistical efficacy, encourage belonging, and challenge stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black experiences and discourse concerning citizenship are unique. Moreover, Black access to full citizenship is often a matter of life and death. The civic purposes driving this pursuit are often negated in conventional curriculum and pedagogy, especially in early childhood settings. Still, it is essential for educators and policymakers to understand the civic purposes that initiate and sustain civic engagement. The purpose of this study is to amplify the voices of young Black boys in regards to US citizenship. By employing notions of in the wake/wake work as the theoretical framework and curricular and pedagogical resuscitation (CPR) as the methodology, this study unearthed the power of children to examine the complexities and ironies of citizenship. More so, these first- and second-grade students linked Black citizenship to fundamental issues of life, death, and purpose. Ultimately, the authors call for instruction reflecting how for students, especially Black students, honorable civic purposes striving for full citizenship remain valued, respected, and enduring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprise challenges are teaching activities that allow students to develop and pitch a creative idea in response to a real-life challenge, usually posed by a charitable organisation. Students work in teams to develop their ideas and draw on their subject knowledge, as well as entrepreneurial processes, to articulate their product or service that addresses the challenge. These activities have the potential to enhance psychological literacy as they provide an opportunity to utilise psychological knowledge and skills in novel and unfamiliar ways and urges students to find creative solutions to societal problems. This article presents the rationale and structure to design an enterprise challenge in psychology teaching and uses two case studies to show diverse ways of delivering these teaching events. Evaluation data from six previous challenges show that students self-rate their perceived psychological literacy and entrepreneurial orientation higher after having participated in an enterprise challenge. These teaching activities present a propitious way of enhancing psychological literacy in the curriculum and supporting students on their journey to develop as global citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological literacy is an approach to teaching which encourages students to consider their subject knowledge in 'real world' applied contexts (i.e. in student's lives beyond university), which may be professional, personal, or societal. 'Real world' here refers to the application of psychological knowledge and skills to students' personal, student-role, work, and community contexts. Psychological literacy is typically integrated into psychology programmes through classroom activities, extra-curricular activities, and opportunities outside of the core curriculum. However, for the goals of psychological literacy to be fully realised, it should be intentionally and thoughtfully embedded at the module and programme level. One way to achieve this is to develop and evaluate modules (i.e. standalone units or courses) that embed psychological literacy explicitly by design. In this paper, we provide overviews, brief evaluations, and reflections on four undergraduate modules within a UK Psychology (BSc) degree that integrate the principles of psychological literacy. These include a first-year compulsory module ('Biological Approaches to Human and Non-Human Behaviour'), a second-year compulsory module ('Neuroscience') and two final-year elective optional modules ('Face Perception' and 'Feminist Social Psychology'). We offer reflections on the process of designing these modules as educators who are interested in developing students' psychological literacy and also provide student evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel form has been traced as contemporaneous with the nation-state form and is associated with a homogenous speaking community. This article concerns itself with the role of affect in sustaining a community in a condition in which the distinction between the agent of capital and that of community is not unconditionally or ahistorically available. Drawing its theoretical apparatus from the conceptualisation of post colony by Achille Mbembe, and on studies of rumour, and contextualising itself in the contractual labour practice known as kafala and the exclusionary practices of citizenship in the countries of the Arab Gulf, this article argues that the reproduction of the exploitative capital/state along the axes of community produces both the capital/state and the community along affective lines, and away from the bureaucratic coldness or democratic openness that is supposed to characterise them. Taking Deepak Unnikrishnan's Temporary People, as an instance of a novel produced from such a milieu, the article pays attention to the figure of the reader because traditionally scholarship has put the onus of the effects of the novel such as nationalism as the affordance of the figure of the reader. The article illustrates reconfigurations in the form of the novel and suggests that it is through fallibility rather than efficiency that power operates both as oppressive and resistant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People sometimes limit themselves to doing what is explicitly expected of them and purposely avoid engaging in socially desirable behaviors. Against this background, this study tested a moderated-mediation model based on Conservation of Resources theory and equity theory in academic context through a mixed-methods approach. More specifically, it examined the role of equity sensitivity in influencing the indirect effect of teacher injustice (TI) on classroom citizenship behavior (CCB) through burnout. Results achieved through a four-wave data collected from Pakistani nursing students partially supported the model. They demonstrated that while burnout serves as a mediator in the TI–CCB relationship, the mediation effect is independent of the level of equity sensitivity. A follow-up focus group was also conducted whose findings gave additional details regarding the psychosocial processes underlying the effect of TI on targeted students' attitudes and behaviors. Overall, the study offers theory- and evidence-based insights into the CCB withdrawal process, and provides guidance to education management practice and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]