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Introduction: This study aims to detect changes in choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in acute stage brucellosis. Methods: Fnewly diagnosed patients with acute brucellosis and 19 healthy individuals as control group were included in the study. Choroidal thickness and RNFL thickness were measured using the Spectral Domain Cirrus OCT Model 400 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) for each participant in the patient and control group. Results: In the brucella group, in the right eyes, the mean nasal choroidal thickness was 272.77 ± 50.26 μm (p = 0.689), the mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 321.14 ± 33.08 μm (p = 0.590), the mean temporal choroidal thickness was 278.86 ± 48.84 μm (p = 0.478), and the mean RNFL thickness was 90.43 ± 8.93 μm (p = 0.567). In the left eyes, the mean nasal choroidal thickness was 282.29 ± 48.93 μm (p = 0.715), the mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 316.79 ± 39.57 μm (p = 0.540), the mean temporal choroidal thickness was 284.93 ± 50.57 μm (p = 0.392), and the mean RNFL thickness was 92.64 ± 8.95 μm (p = 0.813). Conclusion: No difference was found between the control and the brucella groups regarding to all choroidal regions and RNFL thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]