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The study aimed to examine variables that could contribute to the awareness of online gendered violence (OGV). For this, an online survey was used. First, we assessed whether sexism and violence justification affect awareness of gender-based cyberviolence. Second, this effect was evaluated considering the smartphone usage. Third, we studied differences in awareness of OGV according to gender, digital generation, and academic field of study. Fourth, we tested for multiple associations of attitudinal variables, smartphone usage, and sociodemographic variables with OGV. The study involved 453 young adults from the Andalucia region, Spain (M age = 21.9, SD = 2.15; 64% women). The results showed that, with more sexist attitudes and normalization of violence, the limits regarding what constitute gender-based violence in digital media are more permissive (less awareness). Regarding smartphone use, when it became problematic, desensitization to cyberviolence against women and sexual and gender minorities increased. Multiple correspondence analysis revealed an observer profile, that is, a woman studying for a humanistic or healthcare career who does not believe in psychosocial sex differences, or that violence as a reaction is justified, and also does not support biological fatalism of sexism and violence. This observer also has high awareness of the cyber-behaviors that constitute OGV. In conclusion, this study provides key data for psychoeducational strategies aiming to increase awareness of gender-based cyberviolence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latinx adults experience a high burden of dementia. Given that modifiable factors drive dementia disparities, engaging Latinxs in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) education is critical to address dementia burden among this aging population. Yet, no studies have documented the role of the COVID-19 pandemic on dementia education among Latinxs. This study: (1) elucidates the recruitment and retention processes targeting Latinxs for online educational events during the pandemic; (2) describes facilitators/barriers to participation; and (3) offers lessons learned. We developed online dementia-focused workshops (English and Spanish) and employed a cold-calling approach to invite Latinx participants enrolled in clinical studies (N = 209). Bivariate tests assessed demographic and cognitive differences between those who recruiters did (n = 60) and did not (n = 149) successfully engage. Frequency counts assessed participants' technological access. Only 8/209 attended the online events; all held university degrees, most reported English as their primary language, and none experienced cognitive impairment. Results underscore how educational attainment, cognitive impairment, language preference, and age intersect to shape recruitment in dementia-focused online education. To promote healthy aging and to ameliorate dementia disparities, barriers to online engagement among older Spanish-speaking Latinxs with cognitive impairment and low educational attainment must be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the association between role overload (RO) and sleep maintenance insomnia (SMI), and the moderation effects of social support and social engagement (SE). Methods: We report a cross-sectional study using data drawn from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving. We used multiple regression and controlled for demographics and potential confounders. Results: Nearly 45% of caregivers reported suffering from SMI during "some" and "more" nights within the past month with one half reporting "almost" or "every" night. RO was found positively associated with the risk of SMI. Instrumental support moderated the effect of RO on SMI overall, although moderation was limited to a subsample of adult children caregivers. Discussion: The sleep quality of dementia caregivers may be affected by RO, particularly for adult children caregivers. Increasing instrumental support may be beneficial to caregiver's sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article is a review of outcome studies focusing on three social work fields of service—health, substance abuse, and mental health—in which Latinos were significantly represented in the sample and interventions developed to attend to cultural factors. Method: Data were collected from a search of several English language social science indexes to identify experimental or quasi-experimental studies published between 1999 and 2005 focusing on measuring the effect of cultural adaptations of interventions with Latino populations. Results: Twenty-three studies were located and reviewed. Findings are discussed in this article. Conclusions: Most studies with positive outcomes for Latinos used some culturally tailored variation of cognitive theory in the therapeutic intervention. The authors advocate for a mixed methods approach to future studies of Latinos. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article examines the development of the Latino social work profession in the Los Angeles, California, area using an organizational case study. More specifically, the article will focus on the Mexican American/Chicano experience of community organizing and its relevance to the development of the Latino social work profession in the greater Los Angeles area. First, a socio-historical perspective of the development of the Latino social work profession in the southwestern United States will be presented from its community-organizing roots. Second, vis-a-vis an organizational case study (encompassing a community mental health service and training center, Trabajadores de la Raza, and Latino social work student caucuses), the author will discuss the successes and challenges of the Latino social work profession as we enter the new millennium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurological pathologies with a high prevalence worldwide. PD is characterized by Lewy bodies, whose major component is the aggregates of α-synuclein (αSyn) protein. Interestingly, recent works have demonstrated that skin biopsy studies are a promising diagnostic tool for evaluating α-synucleinopathies. In this sense, this work focuses on the detection of αSyn in skin biopsies employing Raman spectroscopy, using three different approaches: (i) the in vitro Raman spectrum of α-synuclein, (ii) the ex vivo Raman spectra of human skin biopsies from healthy and Parkinson's disease patients, and (iii) theoretical calculations of the Raman spectra obtained from different model αSyn fragments using density functional theory (DFT). Significant differences in the intensity and location of Raman active frequencies in the amide I region were found when comparing healthy and PD subjects related to α-synuclein conformational changes and variations in their aggregation behavior. In samples from healthy patients, we identified well-known Raman peaks at 1655, 1664, and 1680 cm–1 associated with the normal state of the protein. In PD subjects, shifted Raman bands and intensity variations were found at 1650, 1670, and 1687 cm–1 associated with aggregated forms of the protein. DFT calculations reveal that the shape of the amide I Raman peak in model αSyn fragments strongly depends on the degree of aggregation. Sizable frequency shifts and intensity variations are found within the highly relevant 1600–1700 cm–1 domain, revealing the sensitivity of the amide I Raman band to the changes in the local atomic environment. Interestingly, we obtain that the presence of surrounding waters also affects the structure of the amide I band, leading to the appearance of new peaks on the low-frequency side and a notable broadening of the Raman spectra. These results strongly suggest that, through Raman spectroscopy, it is possible to infer the presence of aggregated forms of αSyn in skin biopsies, a result that could have important implications for understanding α-synuclein related diseases. Graphical Abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arab nations are decades behind many other previously colonized nations in developing stronger economies, more democratic institutions, and more autonomy and self-government, in part as a result of external interference. The year 2011 brought the potential for greater Arab autonomy through popular uprisings against autocratic governments in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen, and through the Palestinian request for state recognition by the United Nations. We examined the psychology of support for Arab ascendancy among adults in 14 nations in the Balkans, the Middle East, Asia, Oceania, Europe, and North America. We predicted and found that people low on social dominance orientation endorsed forming an independent Palestinian state and desired that the Arab uprisings succeed. Rejection of ideologies that legitimize outside interference with Arabs mediated this support. Measures and model results were robust across world regions. We discuss theoretical implications regarding the advent of new ideologies and extending social dominance theory to address international relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]