1. Re-living trauma near death: an integrative review using Grounded Theory narrative analysis.
- Author
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Johnston, Nikki, Chapman, Michael, Gibson, Jo, Paterson, Catherine, Turner, Murray, Strickland, Karen, Liu, Wai-Man, Phillips, Christine, and Bail, Kasia
- Subjects
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DEATH & psychology , *TRAUMATOLOGY diagnosis , *PREVENTION of injury , *WOUNDS & injuries , *HEALTH literacy , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *MEDICAL care use , *PALLIATIVE treatment , *ACUTE diseases , *COMPUTER software , *DATA analysis , *AROUSAL (Physiology) , *CINAHL database , *MENTAL illness , *DISEASE management , *NARRATIVES , *CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders , *MEDLINE , *PSYCHOLOGY of veterans , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *COGNITION disorders , *PAIN , *MEDICAL databases , *TERMINALLY ill , *GROUNDED theory , *MEDICAL mistrust , *DATA analysis software , *DYSPNEA , *DEMENTIA , *TERMINAL care , *EVALUATION , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *AVOIDANCE (Psychology) , *COMORBIDITY , *SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Background: Symptoms of emotional and physical stress near death may be related to previous experiences of trauma. Objective: To investigate current evidence regarding the following: (1) Is previous trauma identified in people who are dying, and if so, how? (2) How is previous trauma associated with the experience of death/dying in people with or without cognitive impairment? and (3) What palliative care interventions are available to people with previous trauma at the end of life? Design: This integrative review was conducted per Whittemore and Knafl's guidelines, which involves a stepped approach, specifically (1) problem identification, (2) literature search, (3) data evaluation, (4) data analysis and (5) presentation. Methods: This integrative review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic databases were searched in August 2021 and updated in August 2023. The articles were quality appraised, and narrative data were analysed using Grounded Theory (GT). Results: Of 1310 studies screened, 11 met the inclusion criteria (four qualitative and seven quantitative) conducted in Australia, Canada, Japan and the United States; and American studies accounted for 7/11 studies. Eight were focused on war veterans. Descriptive studies accounted for the majority, with only two publications testing interventions. Re-living trauma near death has additional features to a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder alone, such as physical symptoms of uncontrolled, unexplained acute pain and this distress was reported in the last weeks of life. Conclusion: This study proposes that re-living trauma near death is a recognisable phenomenon with physical and psychological impacts that can be ameliorated with improved clinical knowledge and appropriate management as a new GT. Further research is needed to enable past trauma identification at the end of life, and trauma-informed safe interventions at the end of life are an urgent need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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