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National governments are increasingly exploring how the routine collection of subjective well-being data can be a valuable tool for improving public policy. In particular, health satisfaction is an indicator of subjective well-being which can be helpful in evaluating and improving of health policy. This study aimed to examine patterns and determinants of health satisfaction across provinces, considering how its measurement can help governments to deliver more effective health policy. We used secondary data using Happiness Level Assessment Survey conducted by the Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia involved respondents aged 18 to 98 with response rate in 2014 was 94.2%, while in 2017 was 96.4%. To this end, an analysis was performed on 45,881 responses to the 2014 and 2017 Happiness Level Assessment Survey performed by the Central Agency of Statistics. The results showed that there was a significant difference in health satisfaction in 2017 compared with 2014, with health satisfaction in 2017 is higher than that in 2014. Overall, 12 out of 34 provinces experienced a substantial rise in health satisfaction. Subsequently, multi-level modeling was used to explore the extent to which health satisfaction was associated with different individual-level and provincial-level explanatory variables. Here, the analyses showed that health satisfaction among Indonesians is associated with whether individuals live in urban or rural areas, demographic factors, health-related factors, social capital, and leisure time. Overall, the study helps to illuminate the status of health satisfaction across Indonesia, leading to numerous suggestions for improving health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical activity is one of the most efficacious pathways to promoting mental and physical health, preventing disease, and, most important during the COVID-19 pandemic, bolstering a stronger immune system. Efforts to "flatten the curve" have resulted in the temporary closure of exercise facilities and gyms, suspension of sport activities, and advisories to avoid public recreational spaces. All of these changes have made traditional opportunities to be physically active difficult to access. These changes have also exacerbated existing disparities in access to social and environmental supports for physical activity, potentially contributing to a widening gap in physical activity participation among those at greatest risk for COVID-19. Physical activity can play a special role in reducing the inequitable consequences of COVID-19; however, expansion and better targeting of evidence-informed interventions are needed that address the unique barriers present in communities that have been economically and socially marginalized to achieve health equity in COVID-19 outcomes. This review highlights effective and feasible strategies that provide more equitable access to physical activity programs and spaces across the United States. With a renewed investment in physical activity, this behavior can play a crucial role in improving population health and reducing disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between smartphone use, television viewing, and the "active couch potato" in sufficiently active adults. Methods: A sample of 328 sufficiently active adults aged 18 to 80 years (mean ± SD = 38 ± 15 years) completed surveys assessing smartphone use, television viewing, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Active couch potatoes were defined as individuals who met physical activity guidelines and engaged in 8 or more hours per day of sedentary behavior. Results: Mean smartphone use was 4.04 ± 3.74 hours per day. There were 128/328 (39%) participants coded as active couch potatoes. Active couch potato was significantly positively (Wald = 7.326, P =.007) associated with smartphone use. Being an active couch potato was not (Wald = 0.658, P =.417) associated with television viewing. Sedentary behavior and smartphone use were significantly greater (t ≥ 3.55, P <.001) among active couch potatoes (11.35 ± 3.25 hours sitting per day, 4.95 ± 4.5 hours smartphone use per day) than sufficiently active, nonsedentary individuals (5.06 ± 1.64 hours sitting per day, 3.45 ± 3.04 hours smartphone use per day). Conclusion: In sufficiently active adults, smartphone use predicted being an active couch potato and television viewing did not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer’s disease is a global, epidemic problem affecting mainly older adults with tremendous social and financial burdens. Older adults with Alzheimer’s disease showed reduced physical activity and cognitive changes that are probably amenable to aerobic exercise training. The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model to guide future aerobic exercise research and practice by synthesizing the current state of the science on aerobic exercise training in older adults with AD. The literature review found 12 qualified studies that met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review and revealed six constructs (aerobic exercise training, physical fitness, physical performance, activities of daily living limitations, cognition, and psychological and behavioral symptoms), which composed the Functional Impact of aerobic exercise Training in Alzheimer’s disease (FIT-AD) model. The state of science on each construct in older adults with Alzheimer’s disease is reviewed and summarized. The emerging evidence suggests that aerobic exercise training might positively impacts all five other constructs. The implications of the FIT-AD model for future research and practice are discussed highlighted [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]