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This paper empirically examines how financial sector development affects the FDIeconomic growth nexus in Guyana. The novelty is that we examine the relationship in a poor, Small Island Developing State (SIDS) with an underdeveloped financial sector, and where the bulk of FDI flows to the extractive sector. Using annual data from 1981 to 2014, and, both a VECM and ARDL framework that distinguishes among long-run and short-run causal impacts, we provide new insights on why FDI may have a smaller impact on economic growth in SIDS or resource-rich countries. Specifically, we find that FDI dampens long-run growth in Guyana, which is consistent with the extractive literature, but through interaction with the financial sector, FDI has a positive offsetting effect at all levels of financial development in the period under study. While our findings have several nuanced policy implications on how to maximize the developmental potential of FDI in Guyana, they may be relevant to other SIDS or resource-rich countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the high-quality development of the Chinese economy, the improvement of environmental efficiency in Chinese industries has become a significant task. Understanding the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry is essential for implementing effective environmental policies. This study aims to explore the impacts of economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI), and innovation on the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry. In this paper, we apply the undesirable SBM model to calculate the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry and use the Tobit model to analyze the impacts of economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI), and innovation on the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry in provinces along the Belt and Road in China from 2009 to 2018. Based on the results indicate the average environmental efficiency of the logistics industry in Chinese provinces along the Belt and Road is 0.7880, indicating that the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry was generally low in some regions along the belt and road. Innovation and FDI were found have a significant impact on the environmental efficiency, while economic growth fails to significantly impact on the environmental efficiency of the logistics industry in provinces along the Belt and Road. Therefore, we should encourage improvement of the level of environmental efficiency of the logistics industry. It is necessary to realize the co-ordinated development of the logistics industry and the environment through optimization of the development of innovation and transforming the FDI model in provinces along the Belt and Road. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]