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Objective: To examine prevalence and correlates of insomnia symptoms in older Chinese adults (OCAs) during the COVID-19 outbreak., Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, insomnia is a major health concern of elderly individuals, but its subtypes have not been investigated., Methods: Altogether, 590 OCAs (50+ years) were recruited via snowball sampling during the COVID-19 outbreak. Standardized self-report questions were used to assess the presence of difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), and early morning awakening (EMA). Classification tree analysis (CTA) was used to identify correlates of insomnia., Results: The one-month prevalence (95% confidence interval) of any subtype of insomnia symptoms was 23.4% (20.0-26.8%), with DIS, DMS, and EMA being 15.4% (12.5-18.3%), 17.1% (14.1-20.2%), and 11.2% (8.64-13.7%), respectively. Worry about being infected with COVID-19 emerged as the most salient correlate of insomnia ( P < .001); compared to participants who were not worried about being infected, those who were worried and very worried were 3.2-fold (24.3% vs 7.5%) and 5.5-fold (24.3% vs 7.5%) more likely to have insomnia, respectively. Among participants in the "very worried" branch, those residing in Wuhan were 1.8-fold more likely to have insomnia than those residing in other places (50.0% vs 27.5%, P = .011). Among participants in the "worried" branch, unemployed persons were 2.0-fold more likely to have insomnia than employed persons (37.0% vs 18.1%, P < .001)., Conclusions: Insomnia symptoms were prevalent among OCAs during the COVID-19 outbreak. Selective intervention programs targeting elderly individuals who are worried about being infected, living in the epicenter of COVID-19, and unemployed might be effective.

Objective: To examine the epidemiology of sense of alienation (SoA) and its associations with depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality (PSQ) in Chinese older adults who experienced lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic., Background: There is a dearth of data on SoA in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic., Methods: Altogether, 543 community-dwelling older adults (50+ years) were recruited via the three-tier mental health network in Wuhan, China, and completed an online questionnaire in April 2020, the first month after the reopening of Wuhan. SoA, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were measured by using the General Social Alienation Scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and a single standardized question, respectively., Results: The prevalence of SoA was 52.3% (95% confidence interval: 48.1-56.5%). Factors associated with higher levels of SoA were religious belief (β = 1.960, P = .024), monthly family income<4000 RMB (β = 1.405, P = .022), unemployment (β = 1.217, P = .039), fair or poor physical health (β = 2.202, P = .002), never and sometimes receiving community support (β = 2.297, P < .001 and β = 3.417, P < .001), perceiving a low possibility of a cure for COVID-19 (β = 2.379, P < .001), and affirmative and unsure fear of COVID-19 patients (β = 2.025, P = .007 and β = 1.101, P = .027). After adjusting for sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables, a one-SD increment in the SoA score was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (Odd Ratio [OR] = 5.59, P < .001) and poor sleep quality (Odd Ratio = 2.00, P < .001)., Conclusion: Over half of the older adults who experienced lockdown felt alienated, and SoA was independently associated with their depressive symptoms and PSQ. Efforts are warranted to address SoA in older adults who experienced lockdown during the pandemic.

Objective: To examine prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in older Chinese adults (OCAs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as mental health help-seeking behaviors of suicidal OCAs., Background: Few data on suicidal behaviors of older adults during the pandemic are available., Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 1159 OCAs completed an online self-administered questionnaire between 23 February and 25 March 2020. A standardized single question and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire were used to assess the presence of suicidal ideation and common mental health problems (CMHPs), respectively. Suicidal ideators were further asked about their perceived need for mental health care and help-seeking from mental health workers., Results: 4.1% of the OCAs experienced suicidal ideation during the past 2 weeks. Among the suicidal OCAs, 31.9% perceived a need for mental health care but only 10.6% had sought help from mental health workers. Factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation were a marital status of "others" (OR=2.39, P = .021), disagreement regarding the successful containment of the pandemic (OR=2.43, P = .022), physical health problems (OR=2.23, P = .012), and CMHPs (OR=4.99, P < . 001)., Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, OCAs constitute a subpopulation that needs mental health services for suicidal problems but tends not to seek mental health help. Mental health services for OCAs may include mental health education, periodic evaluation of risk of suicide, expanded psychosocial support, and, when necessary, psychological crisis intervention and psychiatric treatment.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression thereafter) and to identify the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depression in a sample of elderly patients treated in the primary care setting in Wuhan, China., Background: Primary care is an opportune setting for the management of late-life depression in China, but there have been no representative studies on the clinical epidemiology of depression in elderly Chinese primary care patients., Methods: In total, 752 elderly patients (≥ 65 years) were consecutively recruited from 13 primary care centers in Wuhan, China, and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. Depression was assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)., Results: Of the elderly Chinese primary care patients, 30.6% had depression (GDS-15 ≥ 5). Correlates of depression were an education level of primary school or less (odds ratio [OR]: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-2.77, P < .001), poor financial status (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.15, P = .016), lack of an exercise habit (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74, P = .023), 2 or more chronic medical conditions (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.34-2.69, P < .001), and loneliness (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.46-5.08, P < .001)., Conclusions: Depression is prevalent among elderly Chinese primary care patients, indicating that elderly patients treated in primary care have a high level of need for mental health services in China. There is an urgent need to integrate mental health services into primary health care.

Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis is to estimate the pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the general population of Mainland China., Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted via the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, China Journals Full-Text Databases, Chongqing VIP database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and Wan Fang Data. Statistical analysis used the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program., Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria for the analysis; five reported on the prevalence of suicidal ideation and seven on that of suicide attempts. The estimated lifetime prevalence figures of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were 3.9% (95% confidence interval: 2.5%-6.0%) and 0.8% (95% confidence interval: 0.7%-0.9%), respectively. The estimated female-male ratio for lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was 1.7 and 2.2, respectively. Only the difference of suicide attempts between the two genders was statistically significant., Conclusion: This was the first meta-analysis of the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the general population of Mainland China. The pooled lifetime prevalence of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are relatively low; however, caution is required when assessing these self-report data. Women had a modestly higher prevalence for suicide attempts than men. The frequency for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in urban regions was similar to those in rural areas., (© The Author(s) 2015.)

Objective: To explore the correlation between brain event-related potentials (ERPs) and psychiatric symptoms in patients with amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) dependence., Method: Using Galileo Sirius 32-channels digital-evoked potential system, we measured the auditory P300 ERP in 40 ATS dependence subjects and 30 normal controls, respectively. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to rate the psychiatric symptoms in the subjects., Results: In ATS dependence subjects, the latency of N2, latency of P3, and inter-peak latency of P2-N2 were significantly longer than those in controls, respectively (P < 0.05). The amplitude of P300 in ATS dependence subjects was significantly lower than that in controls (P < 0.01). Besides, significantly lower amplitude of P3 and longer latency of P3 were found in ATS dependence subjects suffering from psychiatric symptoms than those without psychotic symptoms (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in ATS dependence subjects, the latency of N2 was negatively correlated with the scores of anxiety factor (r = -0.366) and paranoid ideation factor of SCL-90; the latency of P3 negatively correlated with the scores of psychoticism (r = -0.430) and somatization (r = -0.397) factor; also, the amplitude of P3 was negatively correlated with the score ofpsychoticism factor (r = -0.486)., Conclusions: These findings suggest cognitive dysfunction may be one of results of ATS dependence.