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When a high-speed train passes through tunnels, tunnel pressure waves will cause pressure fluctuation inside carriage. Traditional control strategy of shutting down air ducts for a fixed period may fail to consider both riding comfort and air quality. The similarity of tunnel pressure waves when the same train passes through the same tunnel provides a possibility to solve the problem by iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm. However, the varying amplitude and scale limit the application of conventional ILC. Thus in each iteration, the control inputs of the nearest condition in the historical database will be matched and applied to the control process, after which the control error will be gained and then the control inputs will be updated by the error. Next, the performance will be evaluated to refresh the database to make the control inputs in the database to be optimal. Feasibility analysis and simulations show the feasibility of controlling the fluctuation inside the carriage by matching the database records.

To study the vibration of a passenger's head and internal organs at different locations of a high-speed train, a 9-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model of seated passengers is proposed in this paper, and its parameters of the damping coefficients and stiffnesses are identified. Next, the response of the head and internal organs is simulated by applying the vibrational stimulation generated by a 27-DOF vehicle model under track irregularity. Moreover, by applying the measured vibration signal, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the weakest response is detected at the centre of the compartment of the wagon, and a stronger response is detected at the centre of the bogie, with the rolling motion having a greater effect 1 m away from the centre of the bogie; (2) the response of the human internal organs is stronger than that of the head under stimulation with a lower frequency of less than 3 Hz, and a similar conclusion can be drawn in the range of 5 to 8 Hz. However, if the frequency is in the range between 8 and 15 Hz, the situation is entirely different. The responses of both the head and internal organs are reduced at frequencies over 20 Hz; (3) from the real application, it can be inferred that the greatest response can be detected at approximately 3 Hz for internal organs and at 8 Hz or higher for the head.