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The recent global migration pattern indicates the importance of the movement of people from developing countries to developed countries in search of better economic opportunities. The G20 report of ‘International Migration and Displacement Trends’ mentions India at the top of the list of highly educated emigrants in G20 countries. The current study addresses the endogeneity problem in the migration determinants and attempts to highlight the major regional and economic determinants of migration flow from India to major OECD countries using the Gravity model of migration. We apply the Prais–Winsten regression method to address the cross-sectional correlation, while we apply instrumental variable regression and Hausman–Taylor regression estimation techniques to deal with the endogeneity issue. The findings reveal that the population of India, distance, common official language and per capita income differential are the major determinants of migration from India. In the backdrop of our findings, in terms of per capita income differential, there is a need for an upward revision in the pay scale of the white-collar workers in the organised sector. JEL Codes: C23, F22, J11, J60

Introduction Brigatinib is a next-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor that targets a wide variety of ALK mutations and ROS1 rearrangements. While pancreatic enzyme elevations due to brigatinib are well known, we wanted to present a case that caused liver toxicity. Case report ALK and ROS1 translocations were detected in a 58-year-old patient diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. In the patient who had a good response with brigatinib, more than 5-fold elevation was detected in liver enzymes at the fifth month of treatment. Management & outcome After excluding other hepatitis factors, the patient was thought to have autoimmune hepatitis, and methylprednisolone was started and liver enzymes were decreased. Discussion Increased creatine kinase and lipase levels are common side effects associated with brigatinib, while liver toxicity is rare. Autoimmune hepatitis due to brigatinib was considered because of hepatic toxicity that developed in the fifth month of treatment and responded well to steroids.

Sudha Sitharaman and Anindita Chakrabarti, eds. 2020. Religion and Secularities: Reconfiguring Islam in Contemporary India. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan. 240 pp. Rs. 795 (hardback).

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between residual SYNTAX score (rSS) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) development in patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with normal or near-to-normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 306 patients who underwent PCI with NSTEMI were included in our study. SYNTAX scores were calculated for the periods before and after PCI. Patients were divided into 2 groups as developed CIN following PCI (CIN +) and patients did not (CIN −). Fifty-four (17.6%) of patients who were included in the study developed CIN. Age ( P = .001) and rSS ( P = .002) were significantly higher and LVEF was lower ( P = .034) in the CIN (+) group. Age ( P = .031, odds ratio [OR]: 1.031, 95% CI, 1.003-1.059) and rSS ( P = .04, OR: 1.036, 95% CI, 1.002-1.071) were independent predictors for CIN. In receiver operating characteristic analyses, when the cutoff value of rSS was taken as 3.5, it determined CIN with 79% sensitivity and 65% specificity. Contrast-induced nephropathy may develop more frequently in patients with increased rSS value. The rSS may be useful to follow-up these patients for CIN development.

Research in preterm birth has focused on the disparate outcomes for Black, Hispanic, and Latina women as compared with White women. However, research studies have not focused on centering these women in frameworks that discuss how resilience is embodied. This article is a presentation of our transdisciplinary contextual framework of resilience, building on work that centers Black, Hispanic, and Latina women, as well as historical oppression and trauma resilience frameworks developed by transcultural psychiatry, psychology, public health, anthropology, medicine, nursing, sociology, and social work. To develop the model, we reviewed 115 articles and books (1977–2019), which were then evaluated and synthesized to develop a transdisciplinary framework of contextualized resilience to enable a better understanding of the complex interplay of medical and social conditions influencing preterm birth. The framework includes multiple ecological layers that cross the individual, familial and intimate, community, structural, policy and law, and hegemonic domains.

The university academicians who form the backbone of the higher education set-up need better policies, training programmes, managerial support and frequent satisfaction measures to ensure their productivity, motivation and commitment to work are enhanced. The benefits of a high job satisfaction have been well-documented, but there is a definite gap in its measurement in academia. An exhaustive literature review across nine countries has shown that job satisfaction of academicians remains a lagging area of study. This article is based on a doctoral dissertation that measured the job satisfaction of 350 teachers of four higher education institutions of India using the teacher job satisfaction questionnaire (TJSQ) developed by Paula Lester. The sample was selected randomly with proportionate stratified sampling based on designations across four institutes of higher learning: Delhi University, Jamia Millia Islamia, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, and Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. The findings suggested the teachers are satisfied with their jobs with the highest satisfaction reported with teaching responsibility, advancement opportunities and work itself. However, working conditions, pay and recognition were the most-cited causes for dissatisfaction. Factor analysis showed some interesting results where the number of factors remained the same at nine but their nature was slightly different. Further analyses of personal, institutional and socio-economic factors through regression models revealed interesting insights. It was also observed that these findings resonate with those observed globally among teachers, showing a need for teacher development across the world.

Objective New anti-cancer drugs promise to increased survival benefits and reduce adverse events. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is a novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 agent that has shown minimal cardiotoxicity in clinical trials. However, data on real-life outcomes are required. Methods A retrospective review of our center’s medical records was performed, including female patients aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer who were treated with T-DM1. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate clinical features that could increase the risk of cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity was determined by comparing pre and post-T-DM1 echocardiogram results and was defined as a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >10% to below 55%. Results Data from 41 female patients with a mean age of 52 ± 11.5 years were evaluated. A significant LVEF decrease (from 59% to 33%) was observed in one patient during T-DM1 treatment. Further investigation showed that this decrease was due to underlying coronary artery disease, and LVEF recovered to the baseline value after coronary revascularization. Conclusion T-DM1 seems to be safe in terms of cardiotoxicity. Real-life data with a larger sample size are still needed to confirm the cardiac safety of T-DM1.

Objective To evaluate the association of a prolonged corrected QT (QTc) interval in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its association with in-patient mortality. Methods A cohort of 745 patients were recruited from a single center between 1 March 2020 and 31 May 2020. We analyzed the factors associated with a prolonged QTc and mortality. Results A prolonged QTc interval >450 ms was found in 27% of patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection. These patients were predominantly older, on a ventilator, and had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or ischemic heart disease. They also had high troponin and D-dimer concentrations. A prolonged QTc interval had a significant association with the requirement of ventilator support and was associated with an increased odds of mortality. Patients who died were older than 55 years, and had high troponin, D-dimer, creatinine, procalcitonin, and ferritin concentrations, a high white blood cell count, and abnormal potassium concentrations (hypo- or hyperkalemia). Conclusions A prolonged QTc interval is common in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and it is associated with worse outcomes. Older individuals and those with comorbidities should have an electrocardiogram performed, which is noninvasive and easily available, on admission to hospital to identify high-risk patients.

Objective Telemedicine practice has been shown to vary from clinical guidelines. Variations in practice patterns may be caused by disruptions in the continuity of care between traditional and telemedicine providers. This study compares virtual and in-person visits in Stanford’s ClickWell Care (CWC) – where patients see the same provider for both visit modalities. Methods Clinical data for two years of patient encounters at CWC from January 2015–2017 (5772 visits) were obtained through Stanford STRIDE. For the 20 most common visit categories, including 17 specific diagnoses, we compared the frequency of prescriptions, labs, procedures, and images ordered, as well as rates of repeat visits. Results For the 17 specific diagnoses, there are no differences in labs ordered. Two diagnoses show differences in images ordered, and four differences in prescriptions. Overall, there are more labs (0.16 virtual, 0.33 in-person p Conclusions Prescriptions, labs, and images ordered were similar between in-person and virtual visits for most diagnoses. Overall however, for in-person visits we find increased orders for labs and images, primarily from general medical exams. Finally, for anxiety and depression patients show clear preferences for virtual visits.

Through an exploration of the concepts that inform one’s conduct in everyday life, this article seeks to make manifest the performative code that lies at the heart of Barelwiyat. To ‘be’ a Barelwi, it is necessary to owe allegiance to a particular worldview in a way that one’s faith is inscribed onto one’s self, both within and without. An ineluctable relationship is thus forged between ‘doing’ and ‘being’, wherein both affirmation and denunciation become incumbent upon those who claim to be Barelwi. These practices, considered essential and public in nature, enable and necessitate the existence of a shared idiom, facilitating the decryption of bodily enactments and kinesthetics, and allowing them to be judged by the moral community at large. I draw upon my own experience of growing up in an avowedly Barelwi household, as well as ethnographic research carried out in Bareilly to bring forth this dimension of faith.

The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of the dried berries of Myrtus communis L. in gastric ulcer against ethanol, indomethacin and pyloric ligation induced models in Wistar rats. Two doses of aqueous extracts of M. communis (AE 1 and AE2) at the dose 105 and 175 mg/kg, respectively, and methanolic extracts (ME1 and ME2) at the dose of 93 and 154 mg/kg, respectively, were administered orally to animals prior to the exposure of ulcerogens. The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer activity were ulcer index, gastric juice volume, gastric pH, total acidity, gastric wall mucus and histopathological studies. Oral administration of AE1 and AE2 significantly reduced the ulcer index in all models of ulcers. Low dose of aqueous extract and high dose of methanolic extract of M. communis exhibited more significant effect in comparison to omeprazole (standard drug) in ethanol-induced ulcer model. Both the doses of aqueous and methanolic extracts also reduced the gastric juice volume, total acidity and increased the gastric pH and gastric wall mucus content in all the models of ulcers used in the present study. Histopathological examinations of gastric tissues of rats treated with the aqueous and methanolic extracts in indomethacin-induced ulcer exhibited significant ulcer-protective effect at both the dose levels.

A new glucuronolactone glycoside, phoenixoside B (1), has been isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of seeds of Phoenix dactylifera. The structure was characterized as 1-(1-ethyl-β-D-glucosyl)-4,5-diethyl-[α-D-glucofuranourono-6,3-lactone] on the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.

A new megastigmane glycoside, phoenixoside A (1), has been isolated from the n-butanol - soluble fraction of seeds of Phoenix dactylifera. The structure was characterized as (6S,7Z,9R)-hydroxy-3-oxo-ionol-9- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″→6′)-β-D–glucopyranoside on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and CD spectroscopy.