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Digital currency is a ‘disrupter’ of financial services and currency markets, and as such presents new regulatory challenges. International regulatory responses to digital currency range from being largely ignored in some jurisdictions to being banned in others, with most jurisdictions charting a middle course of ‘wait and see’ while attempting to deal with pressing issues (such as taxation liability and potential money laundering and terrorism financing issues). This article explains digital currency, its benefits, its problems, its risks and the regulatory response so far. It analyses the extent to which the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC, the national securities regulator) may or may not have regulatory power and jurisdiction under existing Australian law, and the role of other relevant regulators and institutions. It concludes that digital currency may well be a ‘financial product’ under Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) s 763A (though many suppliers/issuers of that product will be website operators located outside Australia). If it is a financial product, ASIC would also have jurisdiction over issuers and markets that trade in that product. This conclusion could easily be fortified by legislative confirmation; however, it is suggested that ASIC should in all events test its powers to determine whether any legislative change is needed. Regulation by ASIC would add to recent moves to deal with digital currency by the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC) and the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). In all cases, this article argues that the time has come for Commonwealth regulation of digital currencies by ASIC as the relevant regulator. This would then trigger the obligations set out in the Corporations Act and the ASIC Act, including Australian Financial Services Licensing, Australian Market Licensing, standards of efficiency, honesty and fairness, disclosure provisions, possible market offences and corporate regulation generally. The suggested jurisdiction of ASIC would build on its existing role as well as the roles of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, the ATO and AUSTRAC.

Performance-enhancing or ‘supplements’ usage in sport presents a challenge for sporting clubs and leagues internationally and is, in large part, a legal and governance issue. The authors argue that the increasing commercialization of sport points to the conclusion that it is better that corporate governance has a significant role to play in modern sporting clubs in avoiding such problems. The recent experience of the Essendon Australian Rules Football Club is examined at some length as are the corporate governance practices of other Australian Football League clubs. The article concludes with recommendations for improvements to corporate governance practice in sporting clubs, including increased use of independent directors and board subcommittees.

In 1988 the United States Supreme Court handed down the judgment of Basic Inc v Levinson which recognized the ‘fraud on the market’ theory of causation of investor loss in a securities class action. More recently, legislative reform and the US Supreme Court's decision in Dura Pharmaceuticals v Broudo have circumscribed somewhat the permissive approach to such claims by creating more stringent requirements at the pleading and certification stage. The development of behavioural finance also questions somewhat the theory of efficient capital markets on which the ‘fraud on the market’ causation theory partly rests. In Australia meanwhile, market based causation has not been tested yet in their courts. To the extent that causation of loss through the effects of non-disclosures on the market is accepted by Australian courts it is not clear that the gloss developed in Dura would necessarily have application here.

Walking has multiple physical and psychological benefits for older people. This study explores corridor walking behaviors and perceptions of corridor walkability in assisted living residents. Focus groups were conducted with 50 residents in six assisted living facilities in Texas. The data were analyzed by the constant comparative method. The findings revealed three types of corridor walking: walking to destination, walking for exercise, and walking for interaction. Residents’ perception of corridor walkability was related to the themes of safety, comfort/convenience, and aesthetics. Qualities of design elements that residents used to judge corridor walkability included continuity and graspability of handrails, coverage of carpeted floor, availability of seating, appropriate size of the corridor (i.e., width and length) and the elevator, appropriate locations of activity spaces and restrooms, and presence of artwork, window views, and plants. The findings provide insights to environmental interventions that may promote walking among sedentary residents.

The authors present the findings of a special task group (STG) organized to explore effective training strategies for the practice guidelines focused on diverse populations. They provide a brief literature review and summarize survey data from academic training directors regarding current use of practice guidelines. The authors then describe the Integrative Training Model (ITM), developed by the STG, as a framework for students and professionals to incorporate the complex array of information contained in each set of guidelines. Unique challenges associated with incorporating the ITM are described, as well as pedagogical considerations for both students and current professionals. The authors believe the ITM may help students and professionals increase their diversity competence by developing a more holistic understanding of the various dimensions and social group experiences that affect their clients and themselves.

This action research project explored discrepancies in design preference among designers and two groups of users: nursing home residents and administrators. Each group was asked to select its preference among a series of design alternatives, several of which were visually illustrated on a questionnaire. Participants were presented two or more alternatives on a series of design issues: lounge design, dining room table design, dining room seating arrangements, overall nursing home design, residents' room furnishings. Significant differences among groups were found on all design choices except table design and overall nursing home design. The major pattern in the results is that although both administrators and designers favored designs that promote social interaction, nursing home residents consistently selected designs that enhance privacy. Implications for the inclusion of resident data in the nursing home design process are discussed.