20 results on '"Croton chemistry"'
Search Results
2. A Novel Norclerodane Diterpenoid from the Roots of Croton crassifolius.
- Author
-
Zhang ZX, Li HH, Fan GX, Li ZY, Dong LL, Li HY, and Fei DQ
- Subjects
- Diterpenes isolation & purification, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Molecular Structure, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plant Roots chemistry, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry
- Abstract
A chemical investigation of Croton crassifolius afforded a novel norclerodane diterpenoid (1) with an unprecedented six-membered oxygen ring between C-1 and C-12, together with three known compounds. The structure of the new compound was elucidated based on spectroscopic (IR, 1D, and 2D NMR) and HR-ESI-MS techniques. This report describes the first example of a natural norclerodane with a 4H-chromene ring system.
- Published
- 2015
3. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from Croton oblongifolius and its Antibacterial Activity against Propionibacterium acnes.
- Author
-
Athikomkulchai S, Tadtong S, Ruangrungsi N, and Hongratanaworakit T
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Oils pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Plant Oils chemistry, Propionibacterium acnes drug effects
- Abstract
The essential oil of C. oblongifolius Roxb. stem bark was obtained by hydrodistillation. Chemical analysis by GC-MS identified 29 compounds. Terpinen-4-ol (17.8%) was a major component, together with α-guaiene (7.9%), E-caryophyllene (7.0%), myrcene (6.7%), (+)-cyclosativene (5.1%), sabinene (4.8%), aciphyllene (4.7%), pogostol (4.6%), gamma-terpinene (3.4%), α-muurolol (3.2%) and germecrene D (3.2%). The essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919 with an MIC of 0.125%, v/v.
- Published
- 2015
4. Diterpenoid derivatives of Kenyan Croton sylvaticus.
- Author
-
Ndunda B, Langat MK, Midiwo JO, and Omosa LK
- Subjects
- Kenya, Molecular Structure, Plant Bark chemistry, Plant Roots chemistry, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes chemistry
- Abstract
Kenyan Croton sylvaticus Hochst. ex Krauss gave four clerodane diterpenoids, the new ent-3,13E-clerodadiene-15-formate (1), the known 15-acetoxy-ent-3,13E-clerodadiene (2), ent-3,13E-clerodadien-15-ol (3) and hardwickiic acid (4), two known halimane diterpenoids, penduliflaworosin (5) and crotohalimaneic acid (6) and one labdane diterpenoid, labda-13E-ene-8a,15-diol (7). The compounds, when tested for their anti-microbial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Xanthomonas campestris and Candida albicans, were found to be inactive.
- Published
- 2015
5. Stereo and regioselective microbial reduction of the clerodane diterpene 3,12-dioxo-15,16-epoxy-4-hydroxycleroda-13(16),14-diene.
- Author
-
Mafezoli J, Oliveira MC, Paiva JR, Sousa AH, Lima MA, Júnior JN, Barbosa FG, Wijeratne EM, and Gunatilaka AA
- Subjects
- Croton chemistry, Molecular Structure, Cunninghamella metabolism, Diterpenes, Clerodane chemistry, Diterpenes, Clerodane metabolism, Rhizopus metabolism
- Abstract
The biotransformation of the clerodane diterpene, 3,12-dioxo-15,16-epoxy-4-hydroxy-cleroda-13(16),14-diene (1), obtained from Croton micans var. argyroglossum (Baill.) Mill., was investigated for the first time. Whole cells of Cunninghamella echinulata and Rhizopus stolonifer were used as enzymatic systems, and with both fungi the only biotransformation product obtained was the new ent-neo-clerodane diterpene (3R,4S,5S,8S,9R,10S)-3,4-dihydroxy-15,16-epoxy-12-oxo-cleroda-13(16),14-diene (2a). The absolute stereochemistry of 2a was inferred by comparison of its optical rotation with those of the chemical reduction product of 1 and its quasienantiomer 2c.
- Published
- 2014
6. Identification and modulatory activity assessment of 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone isolated from croton anisodontus müll. Arg.(euphorbiaceae).
- Author
-
Oliveira MT, Teixeira AM, Coutinho HD, Menezes IR, Sena DM Jr, Santos HS, de Mesquita BM, Albuquerque MR, Bandeira PN, and Braz-Filho R
- Subjects
- Acetophenones pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Acetophenones isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification, Croton chemistry
- Abstract
The n-hexane extract of the stem bark of Croton anisodontus yielded 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone, a well-known substance, but isolated from this species for the first time. The antimicrobial and modulatory activities of the compound towards Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, C. krusei and C. tropicalis strains were assessed. Antibiotics such as amikacin, gentamicin and neomycin were used in a sub-inhibitory concentration. Significant activity was observed towards P. aeruginosa and S. aureus 358, with p < 0.001 in association with amikacin. The present results place C anisodontus as an alternative source of 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone with antibacterial potential.
- Published
- 2014
7. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Croton bonplandianus from India.
- Author
-
Joshi RK
- Subjects
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, India, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile analysis
- Abstract
The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Croton bonplandianus Baill. was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 37 compounds have been identified, representing 96.2% of the total oil. The main constituents were identified as beta-caryophyllene (16.7%), germacrene D (14.7%), borneol (8.3%), Z-beta-damascenone (6.(%), isobornyl acetate (6.2%), alpha-humulene (6.1%), germacrene A (5.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.5%). The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (60.1%).
- Published
- 2014
8. Chemical composition of the essential oil from Croton kimosorum, an endemic species to Madagascar.
- Author
-
Rabehaja DJ, Ihandriharison H, Ramanoelina PA, Benja R, Ratsimamanga-Urverg S, Bighelli A, Casanova J, and Tomi F
- Subjects
- Madagascar, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile chemistry
- Abstract
Croton kimosorum Leandri is an endemic species to Madagascar. The chemical composition of aerial parts, leaf and stem oils is reported for the first time. Analysis was carried out by combination of chromatographic (CC, GC), spectroscopic and spectrometric (MS, 13C NMR) techniques. In total, 76 compounds have been identified. Essential oil isolated from aerial parts contained mainly linalool (21.6%), sabinene (10.4%), 1,8-cineole (6.3%), beta-pinene (6.2%), (E)-beta-caryophyllene (5.9%), terpinen-4-ol (4.8%), geraniol (4,5%) and germacrene D (2.3%). In comparison with the first sample, the composition of leaf and stem oils varied slightly, while essential oil isolated by vapor distillation from a semi-industrial still exhibited similar composition.
- Published
- 2014
9. Crotofolane diterpenoids from Croton caracasanus.
- Author
-
Chávez K, Compagnoneb RS, Riina R, Briceño A, González T, Squitieri E, Landaetab C, Soscrún H, and Suáreza AI
- Subjects
- Diterpenes chemistry, Molecular Structure, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes isolation & purification
- Abstract
Four new crotofolane-type diterpenoids, crotocarasin (A-D) (1-4), together with the known crotofolin E, were isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the stems of Croton caracasanus Pittier. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, and the structure of 3 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray data analyses.
- Published
- 2013
10. Essential oils composition of croton species from the Amazon.
- Author
-
Turiel NA, Ribeiro AF, Carvalho EE, Domingos VD, Lucas FC, Carreira LM, Andrade EH, and Maia JG
- Subjects
- Brazil, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Species Specificity, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile chemistry
- Abstract
The essential oils of leaves and twigs from the Euphorbiaceous Croton draconoides, C. urucurana and Julocroton triqueter were obtained and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In total, 101 volatile constituents were identified, comprising an average of 90% of the oil, mostly made up of mono- and sesquiterpenes. The monoterpene hydrocarbons varied from 1.2 to 40.2%, the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons from 34.0 to 49.6% and the oxygenated sesquiterpenes from 11.5 to 51.3%. The main compounds found in the oil of C. draconoides were beta-pinene (16.9%), alpha-pinene (16.5%), curzerene (12.8%), germacrene D (9.0%), gamma-elemene (4.7%), and elemol (4.4%). The oil of C. urucurana showed sesquicineole (23.0%), dehydro-sesquicineole (13.8%), beta-caryophyllene (7.9%), beta-bisabolol (5.0%), germacrene D (4.2%) and beta-elemene (4.1%) as the chief compounds. The oil of J. triqueter was dominated by beta-caryophyllene (16.3%), beta-phellandrene (10.2%), spathulenol (5.1%), caryophyllene oxide (5.0%), delta-cadinene (4.3%), (E)-nerolidol (4.3%), and alpha-copaene (4.1%).
- Published
- 2013
11. Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri leaves in DOCA-salt hypertensive, conscious rats.
- Author
-
de Siqueira RJ, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJ, and Lahlou S
- Subjects
- Animals, Desoxycorticosterone, In Vitro Techniques, Male, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Aorta, Thoracic drug effects, Bradycardia chemically induced, Cardiovascular Agents analysis, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology
- Abstract
This study investigated the cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri (EOCZ) in deoxycorticosterone-acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. Furthermore, in vitro experiments using isolated thoracic aortic rings were performed to assess the vascular effects of the EOCZ. In conscious hypertensive rats, intravenous (i.v.) injections of EOCZ (1-20 mg/kg) induced rapid (2-4 s) and dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia (phase 1). The hypotension was followed by a significant pressor effect that was more evident at the higher doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) of EOCZ. Hypotension and bradycardia of EOCZ (phase 1) were abolished and respectively reversed into pressor and tachycardiac effects by methylatropine (1 mg/kg, i.v.) pretreatment. In isolated endothelium-intact aortic preparations, increasing concentrations (1-1000 microg/mL) of EOCZ relaxed the potassium-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 (geometric mean [95% confidence interval]) value of 202.0 [92.0-443.7] microg/mL. This vasorelaxant effect remained unaffected by either mechanical removal of functional vascular endothelium (IC50 = 189.0 [159.4-224.7] microg/mL) or the addition of atropine (1 microM) (IC50 = 158.6 [79.8-316.2] microg/mL) in the perfusion medium. These data show that i.v. administration of EOCZ in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats induces a vago-vagal reflex decreases in heart rate and blood pressure (phase 1). EOCZ may induce a second and delayed hypotension due to its direct endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects, but it seems to be buffered by the pressor component (subsequent to phase 1) of EOCZ. This pattern of blood pressure and heart rate responses to EOCZ seems unaltered by DOCA-salt hypertension, as was similar to that previously reported in conscious normotensive rats.
- Published
- 2013
12. Essential oil of Croton argyrophylloides: toxicological aspects and vasorelaxant activity in rats.
- Author
-
de França-Neto A, Cardoso-Teixeira AC, Medeiros TC, Quinto-Farias Mdo S, Sampaio CM, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Lahlou S, and Leal-Cardoso JH
- Subjects
- Animals, Aorta, Thoracic drug effects, Artemia, Brazil, Croton Oil chemistry, Female, Lethal Dose 50, Male, Mice, Muscle Contraction drug effects, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts toxicity, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Splanchnic Circulation drug effects, Vasodilator Agents chemistry, Croton chemistry, Croton Oil pharmacology, Croton Oil toxicity, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Oils, Volatile toxicity, Vasodilator Agents pharmacology
- Abstract
Croton argyrophylloides Muell. Arg. is widely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat diabetes and venereal diseases. This study examined the acute toxicity and cytotoxicity of the essential oil of C. argyrophylloides (EOCA). In addition, vascular effects of the EOCA have been examined. In mice, an oral acute toxicity test revealed that EOCA could be considered as a non toxic essential oil since it showed a very high LD50 (9.84 +/- 0.01 g/kg). In the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) cytotoxic assay, the LC50 value of EOCA was 275 [165-534] microg/mL. EOCA (1-1000 microg/mL) relaxed isolated endothelium-intact aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine with an IC50 value of 126.7 [89.8-163.7] microg/mL. In rat mesenteric bed preparations precontracted with phenylephrine, EOCA (1-300 microg/mL) also induced a reversible, vasodilator effect with an IC50 value of 46.0 [33.3-58.7] micro/mL. It is concluded that EOCA is a very interesting agent from the point of view of the possibility of therapeutic application. This is because, whilst showing a very small acute toxicity, EOCA also showed maximal efficacy as a vascular antispasmodic agent with a pharmacological potency similar to that of other Croton species essential oils.
- Published
- 2012
13. New 3,4-seco-ent-kaurene dimers from Croton micans.
- Author
-
Mateu E, Chavez K, Riina R, Compagnone RS, Delle Monache F, and Suárez AI
- Subjects
- Dimerization, Diterpenes, Kaurane chemistry, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes, Kaurane isolation & purification
- Abstract
From the stems of Croton micans Sw., five new 3,4-seco-ent-kaurene dimers: micansinoic acid (1), isomicansinoic acid (2), and the dimethyl (3), monomethyl (4) and monoethyl ester (5) of micansinoic acid were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation, mainly 1D and 2D NMR experiments and MS. These compounds are the first 3,4-seco-ent-kaurene dimers from a Croton species.
- Published
- 2012
14. Acaricidal activity against Tetranychus urticae and essential oil composition of four Croton species from Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Neves IA and da Camara CA
- Subjects
- Acaricides chemistry, Animals, Brazil, Ecosystem, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Plant Oils chemistry, Acaricides pharmacology, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Oils pharmacology, Tetranychidae drug effects
- Abstract
Volatile components of essential oils from the leaves and stems of Croton jacobinensis, C. rhamnifolius, C. muscicapa and C. micans, which are medicinal plants found in the Caatinga biome of northeastern Brazil, were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. The acaricidal activity of these oils against Tetranychus urticae was evaluated using the fumigation method. Oil yields from the Croton species ranged from 1.1 +/- 0.0 to 0.6 +/- 0.0%, w/w, for leaves and 0.7 +/- 0.0 to 0.1 +/- 0.0% for stems. Sesquiterpenoids were dominant in all oils, except the stem oil from C. rhamnifolius, which exhibited a high monoterpene content, and the leaf and stem oils from C. muscicapa, which were rich in phenylpropanoids. The major volatile components of the leaf and stem oils from C. jacobinensis were (Z)-alpha-atlantone (24.3 +/- 0.4%) and trans-isolongifolanone (22.8 +/- 0.5%), respectively. The most abundant constituents detected in C. rhamnifolius were alpha-cedrene epoxide (23.3 +/- 0.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (21.9 +/- 0.0%) in the leaf oil, and camphor (16.6 +/- 0.5%) and tricyclene (12.8 +/- 0.1%) in the stem oil. Foenicolin was the main compound identified in the leaf (50.6 +/- 0.2%) and stem (72.7 +/- 0.6%) oils of C. muscicapa, while alpha-bulnesene (32.9 +/- 0.2%) and guaiol (17.9 +/- 0.7%) were the principal components of C. micans oils. These oils exhibited a high degree of toxicity in the fumigation assay. The stem oils from C. jacobinensis and C. rhamnifolius exhibited high lethality rates, with LC50 values of 0.3 and 0.2 microL/L of air after 24 h, respectively. The results suggest the potential use of stem essential oil, especially from C. rhamnifolius and C. jacobinensis, for the integrated control of Tetranychus urticae.
- Published
- 2011
15. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Croton gossypiifolius from Venezuela.
- Author
-
Suárez AI, Oropeza M, Vásquez L, Tillett S, and Compagnone RS
- Subjects
- Plant Leaves chemistry, Sesquiterpenes analysis, Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane analysis, Terpenes analysis, Venezuela, Croton chemistry, Oils, Volatile analysis
- Abstract
The essential oil from leaves of Croton gossypiifolius Vahl. (Euphorbiaceae) was obtained by hydrodistillation, and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The constituents were identified by their mass spectra and Kovats' indices. Fifty-one compounds accounting for 92% of the oil were detected, and 47 of them were identified. The oil was dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenes with the major presence of alpha-cedrene oxide (18.6%), spathulenol (16.3%), valencene (5.8%), geranyl-pentanoate (5.3%), alpha-cadinol (4.0%), germacrene D (3.5%) and longifolene (3.3%).
- Published
- 2011
16. Isolation and characterization of crotosparsamide, a new cyclic nonapeptide from Croton sparsiflorus.
- Author
-
Mehmood R and Malik A
- Subjects
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Peptides, Cyclic chemistry, Croton chemistry, Peptides, Cyclic isolation & purification
- Abstract
Crotosparsamide (1), a new cyclic nonapeptide, has been isolated from the n-butanol soluble sub-fraction of Croton sparsiflorus along with p-hydroxy methylcinnamate and kaempferol, which are reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral studies including ESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.
- Published
- 2010
17. Constituents, antileishmanial activity and toxicity profile of volatile oil from berries of Croton macrostachyus.
- Author
-
Tariku Y, Hymete A, Hailu A, and Rohloff J
- Subjects
- Antiprotozoal Agents chemistry, Cell Line, Humans, Leishmania classification, Plant Oils chemistry, Plant Oils pharmacology, Antiprotozoal Agents pharmacology, Croton chemistry, Fruit chemistry, Leishmania drug effects, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology
- Abstract
The chemical composition of the volatile oil from berries of Croton macrostachyus Hochst. ex Del. was determined by GC and GC/MS. The oil was tested for its in vitro antileishmanial activity on two Leishmania strains, and its toxicity on the human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell line and erythrocytes from sheep blood. The main constituents of the oil were benzyl benzoate (51.8%), linalool (10.1%), gamma-muurolene (9.3%), (E,E)-alpha-farnesene (3.2%), delta-cadinene (2.8%) and alpha-curcumene (2.7%). The oil was effective against L. donovani and L. aethiopica promastigotes (MIC = 0.08 microL/mL and 0.16 microL/mL, respectively) and axenic amastigote stages (EC50 = 20.00 nL/mL and 6.66 nL/mL, respectively). The CC50 value for the oil was 10.00 nL/mL on THP-1 cells with selectivity index values of 0.5 for L. donovani and 1.5 for L. aethiopica. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of the oil was 2.45 microL/mL. Thus the observed high efficacy and moderate toxicity of the volatile oil from C. macrostachyus, makes the plant a promising source of new lead compounds in the search for safe and effective antileishmanial drugs.
- Published
- 2010
18. Magnoflorine and phenolic derivatives from the leaves of Croton xalapensis L. (Euphorbiaceae).
- Author
-
Arevalo C, Lotti C, Piccinelli AL, Russo M, Ruiz I, and Rastrelli L
- Subjects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Plant Leaves chemistry, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Aporphines chemistry, Croton chemistry, Phenols chemistry
- Abstract
The alkaloid magnoflorine 1, has been isolated for the first time from Croton xalapensis (Euphorbiaceae), in addition two phenylpropenols derivates, 3,4-dimethoxy-(E)-cinnamyl alcohol 2 and 3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamyl alcohol 3, 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid 4, gallic acid 5, methyl gallate 6 and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 7 have been also found; these compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis particularly, 2D NMR and ESI-MS/MS techniques. The high concentration of magnoflorine, calculated with quantitative HPLC, of the aqueous extract, probably contributes to the remarkable medicinal properties of this plant. In addition this is the first phytochemical study on Croton xalapensis to be reported.
- Published
- 2009
19. Cytotoxic activity of seco-entkaurenes from Croton caracasana on human cancer cell lines.
- Author
-
Suárez AI, Chavez K, Mateu E, Compagnone RS, Muñoz A, Sojo F, Arvelo F, Mijares M, and De Sanctis JB
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival drug effects, Coloring Agents, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Flowers chemistry, Humans, Tetrazolium Salts, Thiazoles, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes chemistry, Diterpenes pharmacology
- Abstract
In the course of searching for bioactive compounds from Croton species from Venezuela, two seco-entkaurenes isolated from flowers of Croton caracasana were evaluated in vitro for their effect on cell viability by the standard MTT assay in nine human cancer cell lines of different origins and one primary culture. Both compounds induced cytotoxicity in the range of 2 to 25 microM for caracasine and 0.8 to 12 microM for caracasine acid. However, for the normal fibroblasts and the cell lines, HeLa, MCF-7, PC-3, LoVo, X-17, Jurkat E6.1 and Jurkat JCaM1.6, the IC50 values of caracasine acid were lower than their counterparts. Interestingly, no differences in IC50 were recorded for the leukemic cell lines U937 and K562. It can be concluded that the acid moiety in the structure enhances the cytotoxic effect of caracasine by a pathway which seems not to be activated in the leukemic cell lines tested.
- Published
- 2009
20. Antiulcer activity and subacute toxicity of trans-dehydrocrotonin from Croton cajucara.
- Author
-
Rodríguez JA, Hiruma-Lima CA, and Souza Brito AR
- Subjects
- Alkaline Phosphatase blood, Animals, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Cholesterol blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Ethanol toxicity, Female, Free Radical Scavengers, Hydrochloric Acid toxicity, Liver metabolism, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases metabolism, Liver Diseases pathology, Male, Mice, Mitochondria, Liver drug effects, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Stomach Ulcer chemically induced, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances metabolism, Weight Gain drug effects, gamma-Glutamyltransferase blood, Anti-Ulcer Agents pharmacology, Anti-Ulcer Agents toxicity, Croton chemistry, Diterpenes, Clerodane pharmacology, Diterpenes, Clerodane toxicity, Liver drug effects, Stomach Ulcer prevention & control
- Abstract
The antiulcerogenic activity of trans-dehydrocrotonin (DHC), a nor-clerodane diterpene isolated from Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae), and its subacute (35 days) toxicity were studied in mice and rats, respectively. For the antiulcerogenic tests, models of gastric ulcers induced in mice by ethanol/HCl or stress were used. In both models, an oral dose of DHC (100 mg/kg) significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the formation of gastric lesions. DHC was also tested for its ability to scavenge free radicals, but no such action was observed in rat liver mitochondria. To assess the subacute toxicity, rats were treated orally with DHC (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 5 weeks. A significant increase in liver weight was observed in male and female rats at highest doses, whereas a significant reduction in plasma alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol levels and an increase in gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were observed only at the highest dose (100 mg/kg) in female rats. DHC caused histopathological alterations in the liver that included a turbid tumefaction, microvacuolar degeneration and nuclear alterations. Despite the beneficial antiulcerogenic activity of DHC, our results suggest that the long-term use of this compound may induce liver damage.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.