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The commercial application of lithium metal anodes is impeded by the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the serious volume change during the cycling process. Here we develop a high-zeta-potential h-BN-doped zinc-lithium alloy (Li-ZB) as an anode to self-drive electrokinetic effects and regulate the lithium deposition behavior to achieve high-performance lithium metal batteries. The high-zeta-potential h-BN in Li-ZB promotes electrokinetic surface conduction and electroosmosis within the porous Zn-BN framework formed after lithium stripping, which in turn greatly enhances lithium-ion transport kinetics. Uniform Zn distribution in Li-ZB enables homogenous lithium nucleation and a reduced nucleation barrier. The synergistic effect of electrokinetic effect enhanced lithium-ion transport and regulated lithium nucleation behavior effectively suppresses lithium dendrite growth and mitigates the volume change issue at high deposition capacities (8 mA h cm−2), high current densities (10 mA cm−2), and a high rate (5C). The Li-ZB‖LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells exhibit excellent cycling stability and capacity retention, as well as significantly enhanced CE, even under lean-electrolyte conditions (e.g., 3 μL mA h−1). The designed Li-ZB anodes show great potential application for next-generation lithium metal batteries with high energy density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]