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Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) catheters have potential to be blood compatible and could be used to prevent thrombotic occlusion. Here, we produced heparin-mimicking anticoagulation PVC tubing on a large scale by synthesizing a heparin-mimicking polymer (HMP) and co-extruding. The PVC@HMP catheter was evaluated using whole human blood in vitro, which indicated it could prevent plasma protein attachment, reduce platelet adhesion and activation, and inhibit coagulation factors (XII, XI, IX, and VIII). Moreover, the anticoagulation PVC tubing was assembled into extracorporeal circulation with a New Zealand rabbit model, manifesting excellent real-time antithrombogenic properties without systemic heparin anticoagulation in vivo. The rapid recovery of coagulation factors after operation further confirmed its superiority over heparin, which would not completely inactivate the activity of those coagulation factors (XII, XI, IX and VIII). In addition, the PVC@HMP-1 catheters remain patent after being implanted in rats for 28 days without apparent inflammation and mortality complications. The anticoagulation PVC tubes could be used to construct various systemic and integrative anticlotting biomedical devices, which would dramatically reduce the introduction of heparin into blood circulation, thus preventing side effects and promoting the development of heparin-free treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic solvent purification and molecular separation play a remarkable role in textile, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries, which is usually an energy intensive process, e.g. high temperature-driven distillation or high pressure-driven organic solvent nanofiltration. Here, we provide a promising alternative solar-thermal evaporation for organic solvent recovery and purification, an economic and green technology due to the sustainability and inexhaustibility of solar energy. To achieve that, cubic Prussian blue (PB) nanocrystals are elaborately synthesized and in situ loaded on cotton fibers (CFs) to form stable solar-thermal materials. The so-assembled composite PB@CF shows great light absorption, photothermal conversion and solvent self-pumping capacity, which was successfully used for photothermal purification of a library of organic solvents with the dielectric constant from 2.38 to 37.78 and a high rejection up to 99.9%. The vaporization flux ranges from 29.2 L m−2 h−1 for acetone to 0.73 L m−2 h−1 for N-methylpyrrolidone under one sun illumination, negatively correlating with the evaporation enthalpy change. The interfacial solar evaporation rate is significantly improved by 4.0–11.5 times compared to the bare solvent evaporation without the photothermal material. More practically, the composite PB@CF with excellent organic solvent resistance undergoes stable solar evaporation, even after immersion in a highly polar solvent such as N,N-dimethylacetamide for 3 months. Thus, such a robust PB@CF composite offers a prospective energy economic alternative to solving the organic solvent related issue, e.g. solvent recovery, catalyst recycle, molecular separation in petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]