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This work aims to analyze how modern dystopias use symbolic elements from medieval narratives to provoke in the reader what many theorists classify as a warning sign about the consequences of totalitarian regimes. For this study, we will use the concepts of the semiotics of culture to understand how this exchange of elements occurs in the engagement of the reader, as well as the relevance of the recreation of fears rooted in the social culture and religious symbolic field, to the understanding of the message. In addition, we will make use of other authors who have theorized about modern dystopias and the imaginary, as well as the symbolic in the construction of the society's cultural identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]