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Themes approached by literature can be visualized in society, whether incorporated into a real or dystopian setting, such as Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale. First published in 1985, this book addresses women's lives after a coup d'état that established a totalitarian and fundamentally Christian theonomy in a region of the United States. Takin this into account, this article approaches Atwood's work under a sociological reflection on patriarchalism. For such, studies by authors such as Simone de Beauvoir, Maria Luisa Ribeiro Ferreira, Flavia Biroli, Michelle Perrot, among others. From a sociological perspective, we believe it is possible to achieve an understanding of the manifestation of patriarchalism in The Handmaid's Tale and the implications that such a system had for the life of the characters, which makes possible a reflection about a society based on different socializations for men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of cultural/literary studies focuses on the identification of the phenomena responsible for the marginalization / subalternization of the subjects. Thus, the analysis of the waves of the feminist movement through the eyes of literature makes possible a greater approximation of society to the facts that have occurred and occur in the world, in order that the fight against inequality and patriarchalism perpetuate and become an increasingly tangible reality. It is the purpose of this article to contextualize the feminist waves through the analysis of two stories: "The Yellow Wallpaper" by author Charlotte Perkins Gilman, originally published in 1892 and "Woman Hollering Creek" by Sandra Cisneros, published in 1991. For this, we base this research mainly on the works of Pinto (2010), Devereux (2014), Anzaldua (1987), Bittencourt (2015), Walter (2015) and Saffioti (1986) and we realize that the almost 100 years that separate the two histories were marked by various achievements of the feminist agenda. Through the waves it became possible to study systematically the movement against oppression experienced by women and to situate literature as means of illustrating this path. Since "The Yellow Wallpaper" and "Woman Hollering Creek" well represent the two moments and speeches of the first and third waves respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the domestic sphere, gender violence rates are alarming and it is estimated that in Brazil, even after the institutionalization of the Bureau of Assistance to Women (1985) and Law 11.340/06 (Maria da Penha Law) in August 2006, cases of domestic violence especially against women showed no significant drop. This work aims to discuss gender violence from a cultural perspective (especially tackling the issue of machismo and patriarchy under which Brazilian society took root from colonial times), given the high rates of violent acts against women. The research presented here is divided into two stages: bibliographical discussion on the gender violence and, after that, an analysis of the latest data on gender violence produced by IPEA, Balance 2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016 - Dial 180 (Center for Assistance to Women), Institute Patrícia Galvão and SUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]