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In recent years, various anti-tumor treatment methods have emerged in endlessly. Here in, a novel anti-tumor mechanism is designed and a special double-layer nanoparticles (CMC/MgO @ FA-CS/BODIPY NPs) were prepared. It utilizes the special acidic environment of cell lysosomes to swell violently in lysosomes, destroy lysosomes and release hydrolases. Because the number of tumor cell lysosomes is significantly more than that of normal cells, and the volume is also larger, resulting in the release of a large number of hydrolases to digest the entire tumor cell and cause it to die, while the number of normal cell lysosomes is small, and the destruction of lysosomes is not enough to kill cell. In this paper, animal experiments and the control experiments of tumor cells and normal cells prove that the designed nanoparticles have a broad-spectrum antineoplastic activities and are harmless to normal cells. At the same time, the nanoparticles are mainly composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), chitosan (CS) and other commonly used pharmaceutical excipients, which have no toxicity. Therefore, this method is a new safe and effective way to treat tumors. It has not been reported in any literature.