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Objective: To explain the clinical importance of protecting the superficial temporal artery and introduce a method of protecting the superficial temporal artery.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 75 emergency patients undergoing frontotemporal craniotomy. The data was divided into traditional incision group and improved incision group according to the different surgical incision methods.Results: There were 38 cases in the traditional incision group, 13 of which had superficial temporal artery injury. Only 8 cases (21%) underwent the anatomical separation of superficial temporal artery during the operation. Whereas there were 37 cases in the improved incision group, with none showing superficial temporal artery injury. Conclusion: No strong consciousness of protecting the superficial temporal artery was shown in the clinical emergency surgery. The improved incision is a simple and easy way to protect the superficial temporal artery.