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This report outlines the key outcomes of research project RP1037u1 ‘Above-Roof Temperature Impacts on Heating Penalties of Large Cool Roofs in Australian Climates’, an extension to project RP1037 ‘Driving increased utilisation of cool roofs on large-footprint buildings’. The research has been focused on two key aspects of roof thermal performance that had, up until the time of writing, not been taken into account in most investigations into cool roof technology: 1. The condensation and evaporation of dew on the roof surface, and the effect this has on roof temperature by way of: a. The latent heat that is absorbed and released; and b. Any change in the effective radiative-optical properties of the roof top surface due to accumulated water. 2. The effect of roof temperature on above-roof air temperatures, and the influence this can have on the performance of rooftop heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment. A review of relevant literature (included in this report) did not reveal any previous studies that had investigated both 1a and 1b, above.

This is the final report for the Driving Increased Utilisation of Cool Roofs on Large Footprint Buildings project, providing case studies about how cool roof technology reduces the amount of heat transmitted into buildings on hot days, and in turn the amount of air-conditioning required for cooling.

Mainstream literature shows that demand for counterfeit luxury brand products is primarily driven by consumers who want the status and image of luxury brands without the price tag. However, emerging evidence suggests that the interest of some consumers may be somewhat independent of the replicated brand. To date, the literature does not necessarily offer an alternate, or complementary, theory for these anomalous results. The current study proposes that the theory of 'cool consumption' by Generation Y helps to explain atypical demand for counterfeits. The cool consumption ideals of fun, rebellion and being a bit bad appear to fit with emerging evidence that some consumers see using counterfeits as fun and a way to go against the mainstream. A survey of 251 Gen Y young adults examines whether their consumption relates more closely to counterfeit-oriented attitudes, norms and beliefs than attitudes towards the genuine brand and price considerations. The research also compares counterfeit owners and non-owners in terms of genuine brand evaluations and loyalty to counterfeits in general. Overall, the findings show that for this segment, consuming counterfeit luxury products is more about the counterfeit aspects than brands or price, and the theory of cool consumption provides a plausible explanation for the results.

Mainstream literature shows that demand for counterfeit luxury brand products is primarily driven by consumers who want the status and image of luxury brands without the price tag. However, emerging evidence suggests that the interest of some consumers may be somewhat independent of the replicated brand. To date, the literature does not necessarily offer an alternate, or complementary, theory for these anomalous results. The current study proposes that the theory of 'cool consumption' by Generation Y helps to explain atypical demand for counterfeits. The cool consumption ideals of fun, rebellion and being a bit bad appear to fit with emerging evidence that some consumers see using counterfeits as fun and a way to go against the mainstream. A survey of 251 Gen Y young adults examines whether their consumption relates more closely to counterfeit-oriented attitudes, norms and beliefs than attitudes towards the genuine brand and price considerations. The research also compares counterfeit owners and non-owners in terms of genuine brand evaluations and loyalty to counterfeits in general. Overall, the findings show that for this segment, consuming counterfeit luxury products is more about the counterfeit aspects than brands or price, and the theory of cool consumption provides a plausible explanation for the results.

Mainstream literature shows that demand for counterfeit luxury brand products is primarily driven by consumers who want the status and image of luxury brands without the price tag. However, emerging evidence suggests that the interest of some consumers may be somewhat independent of the replicated brand. To date, the literature does not necessarily offer an alternate, or complementary, theory for these anomalous results. The current study proposes that the theory of 'cool consumption' by Generation Y helps to explain atypical demand for counterfeits. The cool consumption ideals of fun, rebellion and being a bit bad appear to fit with emerging evidence that some consumers see using counterfeits as fun and a way to go against the mainstream. A survey of 251 Gen Y young adults examines whether their consumption relates more closely to counterfeit-oriented attitudes, norms and beliefs than attitudes towards the genuine brand and price considerations. The research also compares counterfeit owners and non-owners in terms of genuine brand evaluations and loyalty to counterfeits in general. Overall, the findings show that for this segment, consuming counterfeit luxury products is more about the counterfeit aspects than brands or price, and the theory of cool consumption provides a plausible explanation for the results.

A year ago this week, the ageing, doctrinaire and aristocratic Pope, Benedict XVI, shocked keen Vatican watchers and the public alike by his sudden resignation. Few were prepared for the shockwaves that would follow. The church had become embroiled in scandal after scandal: from corruption at the Vatican Bank through to its continuing refusal to deal with sexual abuse. It had lost, many would have thought irretrievably, what little relevance it still claimed in the contemporary world. So nobody would have predicted that, less than a year later, Benedict’s successor would be lauded as Person of the Year by both Time magazine and, even more surprisingly, the lesbian and gay newsweekly, The Advocate. Then one-time-youth-culture bible Rolling Stone’s cover story earlier this year made it official: the man Gawker dubbed “cool Pope Francis” is a rock star.

This case study outlines a methodology that combines vox pop style interviews, hand-drawn maps and specialised computer mapping techniques to produce a threedimensional representation of a city's cultural vitality - as judged by its residents. In 2009, CAMRA researchers conducted a 'mapping lounge' at Wollongong's largest annual festival, gathering stories and maps that identified over 2300 cool and creative places, spread across the city. The data revealed the localised nature of 'creativity', and the value of small-scale, decentralised cultural infrastructure.

Australia's "big three" surf brands have found themselves in choppy financial waters. Last week, Billabong, one of Australia's most iconic surf brands confirmed a $386 million refinancing agreement with US consortium Centerbridge-Oaktree Capital Management acquiring a 40% share, guaranteeing the struggling brand's short-term future after it posted an $859 million loss last financial year. Like Billabong, public surf company Quiksilver has reported declining revenues, asset write-downs and growing losses, recently announcing third-quarterly earnings had declined 84%. Privately-owned Rip Curl has also been in profit free-fall. In mid-2012 Rip Curl founders Brian Singer and Doug Warbrick engaged Bank of America Merrill Lynch to help source a prospective buyer for the brand. The planned sale was abandoned in March with a lack of interest at the asking price of $400 million. The current woes are a long way from the heady days of the 1990s and 2000s, which saw each of the big three surf brands aggressively pursue international expansion and high-profile sports sponsorship deals. So, why have the Big Three surf brands found themselves struggling? And what is the way to calmer waters?

This case study outlines a methodology that combines vox pop style interviews, hand-drawn maps and specialised computer mapping techniques to produce a threedimensional representation of a city's cultural vitality - as judged by its residents. In 2009, CAMRA researchers conducted a 'mapping lounge' at Wollongong's largest annual festival, gathering stories and maps that identified over 2300 cool and creative places, spread across the city. The data revealed the localised nature of 'creativity', and the value of small-scale, decentralised cultural infrastructure.

This article stems from a project examining cultural assets in Wollongong - a medium-sized Australian city with a decentralized and linear suburban pattern that challenges orthodox binaries of inner-city bohemia/outer-suburban domesticity. In Wollongong we documented community perceptions of cultural assets across this unusual setting, through a simple public research method. At the city's largest annual festival we recruited the general public to nominate the city's most 'cool' and 'creative' places, by drawing on a map of Wollongong and telling their stories. Hand-drawn maps from 205 participants were combined in a Geographical Information System and 50 hours of stories transcribed for qualitative analysis. Over 2300 places were identified. Among them were some surprising results: although places known for the arts and bohemian creative industries figured prominently, these were not only in the inner-city but in beachside suburbs with unique cultural histories. Also, a range of affective engagements with place, including unconventional forms of creativity, were described in industrial and blue-collar suburbs. Network topology analysis by place of residence also revealed the extent of localism, as well as specializations and aggrandizements among suburbs. Our conclusions are threefold: first, that 'creativity' is relationally situated and linked across all parts of the city; second, that decentralized forms of small-scale cultural infrastructure provision are vital for vernacular cultural pursuits; and, third, that 'creativity' is a polysemic and contested category - only ever partially revealing the contours of cultural vitality in the suburbs.

This article stems from a project examining cultural assets in Wollongong - a medium-sized Australian city with a decentralized and linear suburban pattern that challenges orthodox binaries of inner-city bohemia/outer-suburban domesticity. In Wollongong we documented community perceptions of cultural assets across this unusual setting, through a simple public research method. At the city's largest annual festival we recruited the general public to nominate the city's most 'cool' and 'creative' places, by drawing on a map of Wollongong and telling their stories. Hand-drawn maps from 205 participants were combined in a Geographical Information System and 50 hours of stories transcribed for qualitative analysis. Over 2300 places were identified. Among them were some surprising results: although places known for the arts and bohemian creative industries figured prominently, these were not only in the inner-city but in beachside suburbs with unique cultural histories. Also, a range of affective engagements with place, including unconventional forms of creativity, were described in industrial and blue-collar suburbs. Network topology analysis by place of residence also revealed the extent of localism, as well as specializations and aggrandizements among suburbs. Our conclusions are threefold: first, that 'creativity' is relationally situated and linked across all parts of the city; second, that decentralized forms of small-scale cultural infrastructure provision are vital for vernacular cultural pursuits; and, third, that 'creativity' is a polysemic and contested category - only ever partially revealing the contours of cultural vitality in the suburbs.

This article stems from a project examining cultural assets in Wollongong - a medium-sized Australian city with a decentralized and linear suburban pattern that challenges orthodox binaries of inner-city bohemia/outer-suburban domesticity. In Wollongong we documented community perceptions of cultural assets across this unusual setting, through a simple public research method. At the city's largest annual festival we recruited the general public to nominate the city's most 'cool' and 'creative' places, by drawing on a map of Wollongong and telling their stories. Hand-drawn maps from 205 participants were combined in a Geographical Information System and 50 hours of stories transcribed for qualitative analysis. Over 2300 places were identified. Among them were some surprising results: although places known for the arts and bohemian creative industries figured prominently, these were not only in the inner-city but in beachside suburbs with unique cultural histories. Also, a range of affective engagements with place, including unconventional forms of creativity, were described in industrial and blue-collar suburbs. Network topology analysis by place of residence also revealed the extent of localism, as well as specializations and aggrandizements among suburbs. Our conclusions are threefold: first, that 'creativity' is relationally situated and linked across all parts of the city; second, that decentralized forms of small-scale cultural infrastructure provision are vital for vernacular cultural pursuits; and, third, that 'creativity' is a polysemic and contested category - only ever partially revealing the contours of cultural vitality in the suburbs.

Introduction: Patient coolingtime can impact upon the prognosis of heat illness. Although ice-cold-water immersion will rapidly extract heat, access to ice or cold water may be limited in hot climates. Indeed, some have concerns regarding the sudden cold-water immersion of hyperthermic individuals, whereas others believe that cutaneous vasoconstriction may reduce convective heat transfer from the core. It was hypothesized that warmer immersion temperatures, which induce less powerful vasoconstriction, may still facilitate rapid cooling in hyperthermic individuals. Methods: Eight males participated in three trials and were heated to an esophageal temperature of 39.5[degrees]C by exercising in the heat (36[degrees]C, 50% relative humidity) while wearing a water-perfusion garment (40[degrees]C). Subjects were cooled using each of the following methods: air (20-22[degrees]C), cold-water immersion (14[degrees]C), and temperate-water immersion (26[degrees]C). Results: The time to reach an esophageal temperature of 37.5[degrees]C averaged 22.81 min (air), 2.16 min (cold), and 2.91 min (temperate). Whereas each of the between-trial comparisons was statistically significant (P < 0.05), cooling in temperate water took only marginally longer than that in cold water, and one cannot imagine that the 45-s cooling time difference would have any meaningful physiological or clinical implications. Conclusion: It is assumed that this rapid heat loss was due to a less powerful peripheral vasoconstrictor response, with central heat being more rapidly transported to the skin surface for dissipation. Although the core-to-water thermal gradient was much smaller with temperate-water cooling, greater skin and deeper tissue blood flows would support a superior convective heat delivery. Thus, a sustained physiological mechanism (blood flow) appears to have countered a less powerful thermal gradient, resulting in clinically insignificant differences in heat extraction between the cold and tempe

Introduction: Patient coolingtime can impact upon the prognosis of heat illness. Although ice-cold-water immersion will rapidly extract heat, access to ice or cold water may be limited in hot climates. Indeed, some have concerns regarding the sudden cold-water immersion of hyperthermic individuals, whereas others believe that cutaneous vasoconstriction may reduce convective heat transfer from the core. It was hypothesized that warmer immersion temperatures, which induce less powerful vasoconstriction, may still facilitate rapid cooling in hyperthermic individuals. Methods: Eight males participated in three trials and were heated to an esophageal temperature of 39.5[degrees]C by exercising in the heat (36[degrees]C, 50% relative humidity) while wearing a water-perfusion garment (40[degrees]C). Subjects were cooled using each of the following methods: air (20-22[degrees]C), cold-water immersion (14[degrees]C), and temperate-water immersion (26[degrees]C). Results: The time to reach an esophageal temperature of 37.5[degrees]C averaged 22.81 min (air), 2.16 min (cold), and 2.91 min (temperate). Whereas each of the between-trial comparisons was statistically significant (P < 0.05), cooling in temperate water took only marginally longer than that in cold water, and one cannot imagine that the 45-s cooling time difference would have any meaningful physiological or clinical implications. Conclusion: It is assumed that this rapid heat loss was due to a less powerful peripheral vasoconstrictor response, with central heat being more rapidly transported to the skin surface for dissipation. Although the core-to-water thermal gradient was much smaller with temperate-water cooling, greater skin and deeper tissue blood flows would support a superior convective heat delivery. Thus, a sustained physiological mechanism (blood flow) appears to have countered a less powerful thermal gradient, resulting in clinically insignificant differences in heat extraction between the cold and tempe

Introduction: Patient coolingtime can impact upon the prognosis of heat illness. Although ice-cold-water immersion will rapidly extract heat, access to ice or cold water may be limited in hot climates. Indeed, some have concerns regarding the sudden cold-water immersion of hyperthermic individuals, whereas others believe that cutaneous vasoconstriction may reduce convective heat transfer from the core. It was hypothesized that warmer immersion temperatures, which induce less powerful vasoconstriction, may still facilitate rapid cooling in hyperthermic individuals. Methods: Eight males participated in three trials and were heated to an esophageal temperature of 39.5[degrees]C by exercising in the heat (36[degrees]C, 50% relative humidity) while wearing a water-perfusion garment (40[degrees]C). Subjects were cooled using each of the following methods: air (20-22[degrees]C), cold-water immersion (14[degrees]C), and temperate-water immersion (26[degrees]C). Results: The time to reach an esophageal temperature of 37.5[degrees]C averaged 22.81 min (air), 2.16 min (cold), and 2.91 min (temperate). Whereas each of the between-trial comparisons was statistically significant (P < 0.05), cooling in temperate water took only marginally longer than that in cold water, and one cannot imagine that the 45-s cooling time difference would have any meaningful physiological or clinical implications. Conclusion: It is assumed that this rapid heat loss was due to a less powerful peripheral vasoconstrictor response, with central heat being more rapidly transported to the skin surface for dissipation. Although the core-to-water thermal gradient was much smaller with temperate-water cooling, greater skin and deeper tissue blood flows would support a superior convective heat delivery. Thus, a sustained physiological mechanism (blood flow) appears to have countered a less powerful thermal gradient, resulting in clinically insignificant differences in heat extraction between the cold and tempe