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Electrocatalysis for cathodic oxygen is of great significance for achieving high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Herein, we report a facile and green method to prepare an interconnected nanoporous three-dimensional (3D) architecture, which is composed of RuO2 nanogranulates coated with few layers of carbon. The as-prepared 3D nanoporous RuO2@C nanostructure can demonstrate a high initial specific discharge capacity of 4000 mA h g-1 with high round-trip efficiency of 95%. Meanwhile, the nanoporous RuO2@C could achieve stable cycling performance with a fixed capacity of 1500 mA h g-1 over 100 cycles. The terminal discharge and charge potentials of nanoporous RuO2@C are well maintained with minor potential variation of 0.14 and 0.13 V at the 100th cycle, respectively. In addition, the formation of discharge products is monitored by using in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Electrocatalysis for cathodic oxygen is of great significance for achieving high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Herein, we report a facile and green method to prepare an interconnected nanoporous three-dimensional (3D) architecture, which is composed of RuO2 nanogranulates coated with few layers of carbon. The as-prepared 3D nanoporous RuO2@C nanostructure can demonstrate a high initial specific discharge capacity of 4000 mA h g-1 with high round-trip efficiency of 95%. Meanwhile, the nanoporous RuO2@C could achieve stable cycling performance with a fixed capacity of 1500 mA h g-1 over 100 cycles. The terminal discharge and charge potentials of nanoporous RuO2@C are well maintained with minor potential variation of 0.14 and 0.13 V at the 100th cycle, respectively. In addition, the formation of discharge products is monitored by using in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Electrocatalysis for cathodic oxygen is of great significance for achieving high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Herein, we report a facile and green method to prepare an interconnected nanoporous three-dimensional (3D) architecture, which is composed of RuO2 nanogranulates coated with few layers of carbon. The as-prepared 3D nanoporous RuO2@C nanostructure can demonstrate a high initial specific discharge capacity of 4000 mA h g-1 with high round-trip efficiency of 95%. Meanwhile, the nanoporous RuO2@C could achieve stable cycling performance with a fixed capacity of 1500 mA h g-1 over 100 cycles. The terminal discharge and charge potentials of nanoporous RuO2@C are well maintained with minor potential variation of 0.14 and 0.13 V at the 100th cycle, respectively. In addition, the formation of discharge products is monitored by using in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Electrocatalysis for cathodic oxygen is of great significance for achieving high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Herein, we report a facile and green method to prepare an interconnected nanoporous three-dimensional (3D) architecture, which is composed of RuO2 nanogranulates coated with few layers of carbon. The as-prepared 3D nanoporous RuO2@C nanostructure can demonstrate a high initial specific discharge capacity of 4000 mA h g-1 with high round-trip efficiency of 95%. Meanwhile, the nanoporous RuO2@C could achieve stable cycling performance with a fixed capacity of 1500 mA h g-1 over 100 cycles. The terminal discharge and charge potentials of nanoporous RuO2@C are well maintained with minor potential variation of 0.14 and 0.13 V at the 100th cycle, respectively. In addition, the formation of discharge products is monitored by using in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries hold great promise for sustainable and cost-effective applications. Nevertheless, it remains a great challenge to achieve high capacity and cycling stability due to the low activity of sulfur and the sluggish conversion kinetics between polysulfide intermediates and sodium sulfide. Herein, an electrocatalyzing S cathode is fabricated, which consists of porous core-shell structure and multisulfiphilic sites. The flexible carbon structure effectively buffers volume changes during cycling and provides enclosed spaces to store S8 with exceptional conductivity. Significantly, the multisulfiphilic sites (ZnS and CoS2) enhance catalysis toward multistep S conversion, which effectively suppresses long-chain polysulfides dissolution and improves the kinetics of short-chain polysulfides. Thus, the obtained S cathodes achieve an enhanced cycling performance (570 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 over 1000 cycles), decent rate capability (250 mAh g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 over 2000 cycles), and high energy density of 384 Wh kg-1 toward practical applications.

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries hold great promise for sustainable and cost-effective applications. Nevertheless, it remains a great challenge to achieve high capacity and cycling stability due to the low activity of sulfur and the sluggish conversion kinetics between polysulfide intermediates and sodium sulfide. Herein, an electrocatalyzing S cathode is fabricated, which consists of porous core-shell structure and multisulfiphilic sites. The flexible carbon structure effectively buffers volume changes during cycling and provides enclosed spaces to store S8 with exceptional conductivity. Significantly, the multisulfiphilic sites (ZnS and CoS2) enhance catalysis toward multistep S conversion, which effectively suppresses long-chain polysulfides dissolution and improves the kinetics of short-chain polysulfides. Thus, the obtained S cathodes achieve an enhanced cycling performance (570 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 over 1000 cycles), decent rate capability (250 mAh g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 over 2000 cycles), and high energy density of 384 Wh kg-1 toward practical applications.