Objective: To discuss the short-term clinical effect of pedicle fixation at the fractured vertebra via paravertebral intermuscular approach for thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: A total of 95 patients with thoracolumbar fractures, who were treated in Third Hospital Affiliated of Hebei Medical University from April 2013 to September 2014, were selected. All the patients were treated with pedicle fixation at the fractured vertebra via paravertebral intermuscular approach. The waist and back pains of the patients were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year before and after operation; The height ratio of the posterior margin to posterior margin of the injured vertebra and thoracolumbar kyphosis deformity Cobb angle were determined and analysed. Results: VAS scores and JOA scores gradually decreased during 1 month,3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after operation, lower than before operation, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The height ratio of the posterior margin to posterior margin of the injured vertebra at different time points gradually decreased, and the thoracolumbar kyphosis deformity Cobb angle after operation significantly decreased than before operation, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Using pedicle fixation at the fractured vertebra via paravertebral intermuscular approach to treat the patients with thoracolumbar fractures can significantly relieve the waist and back pains, with obvious spine orthopedic effect and good short-term prognosis, which is worthy of clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]