1. Bone biodeterioration—The effect of marine and terrestrial depositional environments on early diagenesis and bone bacterial community
- Author
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Lars Hestbjerg Hansen, David Gregory, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Gordon Turner-Walker, Tue Kjærgaard Nielsen, Matthew J. Collins, Christian Carøe, Anne Marie Eriksen, Henning Matthiesen, Eriksen, Anne Marie Høier [0000-0001-5243-5207], Nielsen, Tue Kjærgaard [0000-0001-6610-8450], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Hydrolases ,Swine ,Marine and Aquatic Sciences ,Biochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Bone material ,Electron Microscopy ,0601 history and archaeology ,Phylogeny ,Sedimentary Geology ,Microscopy ,Multidisciplinary ,060102 archaeology ,Sulfates ,Ecology ,Microbiota ,Geology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Marine Bacteria ,Enzymes ,Diagenesis ,Chemistry ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,Scanning Electron Microscopy ,Research Article ,010506 paleontology ,Science ,Biology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Cyanobacteria ,Bone and Bones ,Sedimentary depositional environment ,Animals ,Collagenases ,Microbiome ,Relative species abundance ,Petrology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Bacteria ,Ecology and Environmental Sciences ,Bioerosion ,Organisms ,Chemical Compounds ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Aquatic Environments ,Proteins ,Environmental Exposure ,Marine Environments ,Microbial population biology ,Exposure period ,Earth Sciences ,Enzymology ,Sediment ,Salts - Abstract
Bacteria play an important role in the degradation of bone material. However, much remains to be learnt about the structure of their communities in degrading bone, and how the depositional environment influences their diversity throughout the exposure period. We genetically profiled the bacterial community in an experimental series of pig bone fragments (femur and humeri) deposited at different well-defined environments in Denmark. The bacterial community in the bone fragments and surrounding depositional environment were studied over one year, and correlated with the bioerosion damage patterns observed microscopically in the bones. We observed that the bacterial communities within the bones were heavily influenced by the local microbial community, and that the general bone microbial diversity increases with time after exposure. We found the presence of several known collagenase producing bacterial groups, and also observed increases in the relative abundance of several of these in bones with tunneling. We anticipate that future analyses using shotgun metagenomics on this and similar datasets will be able to provide insights into mechanisms of microbiome driven bone degradation. © 2020 Eriksen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- Published
- 2020