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Your search keyword '"[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Descriptor "[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]" Publisher public library of science (plos)
2 results on '"[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]"'

1. Athlete Atypicity on the Edge of Human Achievement: Performances Stagnate after the Last Peak, in 1988

Author

François-Denis Desgorces, Valérie Thibault, Marion Guillaume, Olivier Hermine, Stéphane Len, Julien Tolaini, Muriel Tafflet, Nour El Helou, Geoffroy Berthelot, Jean-François Toussaint, Sylvie Escolano, Hala Nassif, Institut de recherche biomédicale et d’épidémiologie du sport (IRMES - EA 7329), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UFR STAPS, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cytokines, hématopoïèse et réponse immune (CHRI), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Investigation en Médecine du sport (CIMS), Hôtel-Dieu-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de Developpement du Sport and the Ministry of Health and Sport, Institut de recherche biomédicale et d’épidémiologie du sport ( IRMES - EA 7329 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire ( PARCC - U970 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cytokines, hématopoïèse et réponse immune ( CHRI ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'Investigation en Médecine du sport ( CIMS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôtel-Dieu

Subjects
History, Physiology, Science, [ SHS.SPORT ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Task Performance and Analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, MESH : Task Performance and Analysis, Track and field athletics, MESH : Sports, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, MESH: Humans, Multidisciplinary, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], MESH : Humans, Secular evolution, MESH: Task Performance and Analysis, 030229 sport sciences, Growth model, Evolutionary Biology/Human Evolution, Medicine, Demographic economics, Mathematics/Statistics, Public Health and Epidemiology/Exercise and Sports, MESH: Sports, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Sports
Abstract

International audience; The growth law for the development of top athletes performances remains unknown in quantifiable sport events. Here we present a growth model for 41351 best performers from 70 track and field (T&F) and swimming events and detail their characteristics over the modern Olympic era. We show that 64% of T&F events no longer improved since 1993, while 47% of swimming events stagnated after 1990, prior to a second progression step starting in 2000. Since then, 100% of swimming events continued to progress.We also provide a measurement of the atypicity for the 3919 best performances (BP) of each year in every event. The secular evolution of this parameter for T&F reveals four peaks; the most recent (1988) followed by a major stagnation. This last peak may correspond to the most recent successful attempt to push forward human physiological limits. No atypicity trend is detected in swimming. The upcoming rarefaction of new records in sport may be delayed by technological innovations, themselves depending upon economical constraints.

Published
2010

2. Loss of Sugar Detection by GLUT2 Affects Glucose Homeostasis in Mice

Author

Anne Houllier, Armelle Leturque, Patricia Serradas, Emilie Stolarczyk, Maude Le Gall, Patrick C. Even, Edith Brot-Laroche, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ALFEDIAM Merck Lipha, Institut Benjamin Delessert, PNRD, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC (UMR_S 872) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire ( PNCA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Le Gall, Maude

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, medicine.medical_treatment, Nephrology/Renal Physiology, Diabetes and Endocrinology/Obesity, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology/Endocrinology, glucose signalling, Homeostasis, Glucose homeostasis, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Glucose Transporter Type 2, 2. Zero hunger, Physiology/Sensory Systems, 0303 health sciences, Glucose tolerance test, Multidisciplinary, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.EM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Renal glucose reabsorption, Physiology/Renal, Fluid, and Electrolyte Physiology, Alimentation et Nutrition, Endocrinologie et métabolisme, Medicine, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Oxidation-Reduction, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, General Science & Technology, Science, Mice, Transgenic, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism, GLUT2, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, MD Multidisciplinary, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Food and Nutrition, Animals, Pancreas, Physiologie, Nutrition, 030304 developmental biology, Endocrinology and metabolism, Science & Technology, MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, Insulin, Glucose Tolerance Test, Lipid Metabolism, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Glucose, Endocrinology, physiology, Physiology/Cell Signaling, biology.protein, Blood sugar regulation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Mammals must sense the amount of sugar available to them and respond appropriately. For many years attention has focused on intracellular glucose sensing derived from glucose metabolism. Here, we studied the detection of extracellular glucose concentrations in vivo by invalidating the transduction pathway downstream from the transporter-detector GLUT2 and measured the physiological impact of this pathway. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We produced mice that ubiquitously express the largest cytoplasmic loop of GLUT2, blocking glucose-mediated gene expression in vitro without affecting glucose metabolism. Impairment of GLUT2-mediated sugar detection transiently protected transgenic mice against starvation and streptozotocin-induced diabetes, suggesting that both low- and high-glucose concentrations were not detected. Transgenic mice favored lipid oxidation, and oral glucose was slowly cleared from blood due to low insulin production, despite massive urinary glucose excretion. Kidney adaptation was characterized by a lower rate of glucose reabsorption, whereas pancreatic adaptation was associated with a larger number of small islets. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Molecular invalidation of sugar sensing in GLUT2-loop transgenic mice changed multiple aspects of glucose homeostasis, highlighting by a top-down approach, the role of membrane glucose receptors as potential therapeutic targets.

Published
2007

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