Search

In this paper, we propose two different control strategies for the position control of the ball of the ball and beam system (BBS). The first control strategy uses the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional integrator PIDD2-PI. The second control strategy uses the tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F). The designed controllers employ two distinct metaheuristic computation techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for the parameter tuning. We evaluated the dynamic and steady-state performance of the proposed control strategies using four performance indices. In addition, to analyze the robustness of proposed control strategies, a comprehensive comparison has been performed with a variety of controllers, including tilt integral-derivative (TID), fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID), integral–proportional derivative (I-PD), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), and proportional integral proportional derivative (PI-PD). By comparing different test cases, including the variation in the parameters of the BBS with disturbance, we examine step response, set point tracking, disturbance rejection analysis, and robustness of proposed control strategies. The comprehensive comparison of results shows that WOA-PIDD2-PI-ISE and GWO-TID-F- ISE perform superior. Moreover, the proposed control strategies yield oscillation-free, stable, and quick response, which confirms the robustness of the proposed control strategies to the disturbance, parameter variation of BBS, and tracking performance. The practical implementation of the proposed controllers can be in the field of under actuated mechanical systems (UMS), robotics and industrial automation. The proposed control strategies are successfully tested in MATLAB simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long short-term memory (LSTM) has been effectively used to represent sequential data in recent years. However, LSTM still struggles with capturing the long-term temporal dependencies. In this paper, we propose an hourglass-shaped LSTM that is able to capture long-term temporal correlations by reducing the feature resolutions without data loss. We have used skip connections in non-adjacent layers to avoid gradient decay. In addition, an attention process is incorporated into skip connections to emphasize the essential spectral features and spectral regions. The proposed LSTM model is applied to speech enhancement and recognition applications. The proposed LSTM model uses no future information, resulting in a causal system suitable for real-time processing. The combined spectral feature sets are used to train the LSTM model for improved performance. Using the proposed model, the ideal ratio mask (IRM) is estimated as a training objective. The experimental evaluations using short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) and perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) have demonstrated that the proposed model with robust feature representation obtained higher speech intelligibility and perceptual quality. With the TIMIT, LibriSpeech, and VoiceBank datasets, the proposed model improved STOI by 16.21%, 16.41%, and 18.33% over noisy speech, whereas PESQ is improved by 31.1%, 32.9%, and 32%. In seen and unseen noisy situations, the proposed model outperformed existing deep neural networks (DNNs), including baseline LSTM, feedforward neural network (FDNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and generative adversarial network (GAN). With the Kaldi toolkit for automated speech recognition (ASR), the proposed model significantly reduced the word error rates (WERs) and reached an average WER of 15.13% in noisy backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand of Power electronics converter is increased due to the rapid increase of green re-sources. The distributed nature of uncontrolled renewable energy resources are connected with the grid via power electronics converter. DC-DC converters are high-frequency current conversion circuits that use transformers, inductors, and capacitors to smooth switching noise into regulated DC voltages. In this study, a comparative performance analysis of Proportional integral Derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for DC-DC Boost Converter is presented. PID-based controller for dynamic boosting of DC-DC boost converter was replaced by Fuzzy Inference system (FIS) to study the system behavior. Five different membership functions were performed to observe the response of the system for DC -DC boost converter with FIS controller. The performances of FIS-based controller and PID-based controller for DC-DC boost converter were compared in detail. Also, the proposed techniques for the switching mode of DC-DC converter have been applied. The performance analysis of both PID and fuzzy controller was simulated using MAT LAB. The results of FIS based approach are better than PID based controller in terms of transient responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a modified form of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller known as the Integral- Proportional Derivative (I-PD) controller is developed for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of the two-area multi-source Interconnected Power System (IPS). Fitness Dependent Optimizer (FDO) algorithm is employed for the optimization of proposed controller with various performance criteria including Integral of Absolute Error (IAE), Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error (ITAE), Integral of Time multiplied Square Error (ITSE), and Integral Square Error (ISE). The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been assessed on a two-area network with individual source including gas, hydro and reheat thermal unit and then collectively with all three sources. Further, to validate the efficacy of the proposed FDO based PID and I-PD controllers, comprehensive comparative performance is carried and compared with other controllers including Differential Evolution based PID (DE-PID) controller and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) hybridized with Local Unimodal Sampling (LUS-PID) controller. The comparison of outcomes reveal that the proposed FDO based I-PD (FDO-I-PD) controller provides a significant improvement in respect of Overshoot (Osh), Settling time (Ts), and Undershoot (Ush). The robustness of an I-PD controller is also verified by varying parameter of the system and load variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose two different control strategies for the position control of the ball of the ball and beam system (BBS). The first control strategy uses the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional integrator PIDD2-PI. The second control strategy uses the tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F). The designed controllers employ two distinct metaheuristic computation techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for the parameter tuning. We evaluated the dynamic and steady-state performance of the proposed control strategies using four performance indices. In addition, to analyze the robustness of proposed control strategies, a comprehensive comparison has been performed with a variety of controllers, including tilt integral-derivative (TID), fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID), integral-proportional derivative (I-PD), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), and proportional integral proportional derivative (PI-PD). By comparing different test cases, including the variation in the parameters of the BBS with disturbance, we examine step response, set point tracking, disturbance rejection analysis, and robustness of proposed control strategies. The comprehensive comparison of results shows that WOA-PIDD2-PI-ISE and GWO-TID-F- ISE perform superior. Moreover, the proposed control strategies yield oscillation-free, stable, and quick response, which confirms the robustness of the proposed control strategies to the disturbance, parameter variation of BBS, and tracking performance. The practical implementation of the proposed controllers can be in the field of under actuated mechanical systems (UMS), robotics and industrial automation. The proposed control strategies are successfully tested in MATLAB simulation., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist, (Copyright: © 2024 Zafar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)