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AIM: To investigate the choice of surgical approach, therapeutic effect and complications of orbital cavernous hemangioma(OCH)in different positions of orbit.METHODS: The clinical data of 128 patients of 128 eyes with OCH whose were surgically removed and pathologically diagnosed in the department of ophthalmology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2016 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The position of OCH in the orbit was determined by preoperative imaging examination(CT/MRI), so as to select different surgical approaches and analyze the postoperative curative effect and the incidence of complications.RESULTS: The location of OCH in the orbit: 82 eyes in the muscle cone and 46 eyes outside the muscle cone. According to the quadrant of the orbit where the tumor was located, there were 24 eyes in the upper-outer quadrant, 38 eyes in the lower-outer quadrant, 28 eyes in the upper-inner quadrant, 12 eyes in the lower-inner quadrant, and 26 eyes the intraconal central space. The selection of surgical approach: 1)OCH in the muscle cone: conjunctival approach surgery in 53 eyes, lateral orbital approach surgery in 22 eyes, lateral combined medial conjunctiva orbital approach surgery in 5 eyes, skin approach surgery in 1 eye, transnasal approach under nasal endoscope surgery in 1 eye; 2)OCH outside the muscle cone: skin approach in 29 eyes, conjunctival approach in 12 eyes and lateral orbital approach in 5 eyes. Postoperative efficacy: except for 1 eye of postoperative tumor residue, the other 127 eyes were completely removed. Postoperative complications: 1)Ocular motility disorder: 16 eyes, including conjunctival approach surgery in 11 eyes, lateral orbital approach surgery in 4 eyes, lateral combined medial conjunctiva orbital approach surgery in 1 eye; 2)Visual acuity decreased in 9 eyes: conjunctival approach surgery in 3 eyes, lateral orbital approach surgery in 6 eyes; 3)Mydriasis occurred in 9 eyes, including 4 eyes via conjunctival approach surgery and 5 eyes via lateral orbital approach surgery; 4)Intraorbital hemorrhage occurred in 3 eyes: all occurred through conjunctival approach surgery; 5)Visual acuity was lost in 2 eyes, including conjunctival approach surgery in 1 eye and lateral orbital opening approach surgery in 1 eye; 6)There were 2 eyes of ptosis, including conjunctival approach surgery in 1 case and skin approach surgery in 1 eye; 7)Tumor residue occurred in 1 eye: multiple intraorbital tumors were treated by lateral orbital approach surgery.CONCLUSION: The accurate location of OCH combined with imaging examination and the selection of appropriate surgical approaches according to different locations can successfully remove the tumor and reduce the incidence of complications.

AIM: To investigate the effects of lentivirus (LV) mediated integrin-linked kinase (ILK) RNA interference (RNAi) on biological behaviors of human lens epithelial cells (LECs). METHODS: Human cataract LECs and immortalized human LEC line, human lens epithelial (HLE) B-3 cells were transfected by lentiviral vector expressing ILK-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and then stimulated by transforming growth factor- (TGF-, the silencing of ILK gene and protein was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot methods; biological behaviors including cell cycle and apoptosis, cell morphology, -smooth muscle actin (SMA) stress fiber formation and cell migration were examined. RESULTS: Remarkable decreases of ILK protein expression were detected in LECs carrying lentiviral ILK-shRNA vector; flow cytometry revealed arresting of cell cycle progression through the G1/S transition and higher apoptosis rate in ILK-RNAi-LV transfected cells. Less -SMA stress fiber formation and migration was observed in ILK-RNAi-LV transfected LECs. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that ILK was an important regulator for LECs proliferation and migration. LV mediated ILK RNAi is an effective way to decrease ILK-regulated cell growth by arresting cell cycle progression and increasing cell apoptosis, as well as, to prevent cell migration by inhibiting TGF- induced -SMA stress fiber formation. Thus, LV mediated ILK RNAi might be useful to prevent posterior capsular opacification.

AIM: To evaluatethe laser photocoagulation of different ranges for diabetic retinopathy(DR)prognosis.METHODS: A total of 98 cases(153 eyes)with proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated by laser photocoagulation from November 2010 to November 2012 were enrolled in this study. The eyes were divided into three groups, Group A of 38 eyes(25%)receiving pan-retinal photocoagulation, group B of 55 eyes(36%)receiving quadrant retinal laser photocoagulation and group C 60 eyes(39%)receiving retinal laser photocoagulation only in the ischemic area. Blood glucose, refraction, intraocular pressure and vision were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. And all patients underwent VEP, ERG, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)examinations before and after operation. Patients were followed up for 3 months. RESULTS: After 3 months, decrease of macular thickness in group A and B was more significant than that in group C(PPCONCLUSION: Quadrant retinal laser photocoagulation can significantly improve retinal hypoxia, prevent retinal neovascularization and protect visual function in macular area.