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While the academic study of nationalism has had a strong development since the 1960s, some theoretical difficulties still use to be observed when setting the terms to be employed. One of the reasons may be the use of capital concepts such as nationalism and nation in a barely strict and accurate way. Arguably, to some extent, there are so many definitions for these two concepts as actors. Therefore, this reflection article aims to propose succinctly a series of definitions of the terms nationalism and nation under the modernist paradigm of nationalism. This work intends to make clearer the debates that theorize on the nationalism from a deep analytical perspective, which became established among a great deal of authors discussing on this social phenomenon. Firstly, a brief summary of Modernism as a paradigm of nationalism is provided. Next, an analysis of the different theoretical fundamentals for these two concepts with some acceptance within the Modernism is carried out. Finally, a possible definition for each concept is provided under the modernist view. The main conclusion is that these two theoretical concepts key when analyzing the complex forms of the contemporary societies should be rethought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay focuses on the representations of homosexuality in the works of Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987), particularly in the way in which such figurations change the notions of racial contact and miscegenation. By looking at the configuration of the "homosocial desires" in some of Freyre's texts, we can understand the role that the narratives of interracial and homosexual relations play in structuring what he calls "the Brazilian patriarchal family" and, thus, the canonical representation of Brazil as a mestizo nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When do the first representations of newspaper reading women in the 19th Century Argentina begin to appear? What is the relevance of their profile in the politicalcultural debates of the revolutionary era? What do women read in the press, and how do they answer to the call of writers designing educational policies and reading programs for them? This article aims to answer these questions by means of a select corpus of newspapers from the beginning of the century (El Telégrafo Mercantil, El Semanario de Agricultura y Comercio, El Correo del Comercio, El Observador Americano, La Gazeta de Buenos Aires). Likewise, the article delves into literary and artistic representations to figure out the imaginaries and practices of reading women at the origins of the formation of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay intends to approach Fernando Vallejo's novel El desbarrancadero as a distinctive model for the study of individual and collective identity. Memory, legacy and affection are seen as conceptual tools for the understanding of people's sense of national belonging. We focus in the need to search for a new, sharp and biting narrative necessary for questioning the official approach of a nation as an unitary entity, and for the understanding of the rift that political violence has generated in Colombian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is the result of the metric lexical analysis of Cartagena's newspaper called Argos Americano (September 1810-March 1812) which shows the various discussions that took place on topics such as nation, government and independence during a turbulent time in which Spain had been invaded by the armies of Napoleon and the King Ferdinand VII was made prisoner, leaving a power vacuum that plunged regions of the American continent in uncertainty to define a government. This work is part of the research project ''Cultural History of the Press of the New Granada (1810-1820) sponsored by the Directorate of Research and the School of Communication at the University of La Sabana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the relationship between literature and the national subject has for some time been an important focus for research in literary studies, analysis of the relation between literary work and what I elaborate as State subjectivity is, so to speak, under developed. Using an interdisciplinary framework, I outline here a way to conceptualize the State in relation to subjects and in relation to the capitalist world system, that I believe will be fruitful for research into the literary production of State subjectivity. I conclude with an exemplification of my argument about the State that focuses on the Chilean case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many Malvinas' War tales, monster apparitions like inhuman beasts, ghosts, zombies, exhausted bodies, etc, are frequent. Commonly they are told in a grotesque way, it means in a mix of comic and tragic but mainly tragic way. So the grotesque becomes in sinister. Even though in a former sight the monsters are characterized by their difference, according to the Freudian conception the sinister is produced because of the coming back of something familiar that became strange in the repression process. Into this frame, in this paper we intend to analize some Malvinas' War tales in order to understand what becomes familiar --and then terrifying-- their monsters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that the construction of the "nation" was linked to narratives of identity (novels and essays). The first narrative identities that produced important metaphors, such as the one about ideal crossbreeding, jealously controlled the social climb of indigenous people. After regimenting the native people under the tough Tamayo's notion of national pedagogy, Sanjinés proceeds to deterritorialize the idealized mestizo identity from three new versions that give fluidity to the social metaphor: the metaphor of the river, the one about an avalanche of the plebs and another about a cultural amphibian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the first half of the twentieth century in Bolivia a redefinition of the contours of national identity occured. Throughout this period, marked by the indigenous rebellion led by Zarate Willka in 1899, the specter of the race war and the Aymara migration to the city of La Paz resulted in the reconfiguration of the notions of Indian and race. This article discusses these changes from a historical perspective through the study of the so-called Indianist Week organized in 1931. It specifically analyzes the influence that the condensation of artistic, intellectual and public rituals, which staged indigenous elements, had in the reconfiguration of the concept of race and its concomitant transformation of the conceptions of Bolivian identity, Indianness and folklore, contributing to the formation of ambivalent representations, typical in the particularities of the Bolivian indigenism from the early twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we will reflect on two temporal exhibitions held in the premises of the National Museum of Colombia, from discussions about multiculturalism, patrimonial appropriation processes, the new museology and politics of representation. First, we will consider the case of Velorios y santos vivos. Comunidades negras, afrocolombianas, raizales y palenqueras and, on the other hand, Del monumento al pensamiento. Patrimonio de Colombia para la humanidad, two exhibition experiences that account for different ways of conceiving a multiethnic and multicultural nation, both in the production process and in the final product presented to the public and that in turn, show the challenges which this state institution faces when looking to capture the logic of affirmation and appreciation of difference introduced in the 1991 Constitution and in the politics of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) safeguarding . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization has generated significant changes in the nature and use of nation states' political power. In an era of increasing interdependence, development issues have gone beyond national boundaries and acquire a transnational character. This article aims at analyzing the important changes on power relations between actors in this asymmetric and globalized time. We conclude that global transformations are not only a challenge but also an opportunity to promote coordinated, collective and democratic global governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper offers an approach to the different ways in which the figure of writer and politician Rómulo Gallegos has been used in Venezuela. It looks at political rivalries regarding national legacies within the context of the Bolivarian Revolution, and the positions taken by the political and academic fields. The purpose of which, as the paper will show, is the appropriation of some of his legacies, especially in relation to nationalistic and identity-related narratives in the beginning of the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines problems with contemporary discourse analysis -- a focus on everyday conversation, interpersonal interaction, formal sequences, correct explication and disciplinary segregation -- problems which replicate general problems with the discipline of psychology (the gaze upon those outside its domain, reduction to the level of the individual, abstraction of behaviour and cognitive processes, claims to interpretative authority, and avoidance of politics as such). Approaches to discursive practice are described from within one of the recently-formed micro-nations which also provide a new way of thinking about the role of psychology in broader social processes. Alternative principles for discursive practice are derived from this description: turning the gaze back onto psychology and the ideological forces that give rise to it; treating forms of representation as sites for the relay of power; tracing how social forms are treated as contextually and historically situated; highlighting forms of discursive practice that open up spaces for interpretation and argument about the nature of interpretation; and connecting contradictory individual affective forces with the realm of political struggle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of APUNTES - Journal of Cultural Heritage Studies is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper questions the notions of nationality and nationalism created through telluric metaphors and favours an idea of nationality as floating, relational and ambiguous space. From this perspective, we will read about César Vallejo and his life in Paris to analyse the effects of territorial displacement on his writing. Amid European interwar modernity, Vallejo lived a ‘cosmic' and ‘extraterritorial' life that allowed him to develop a singular perspective and to recover his native country through a group of metaphors in which landscape and all which is telluric return impregnated by Parisian magnetism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bullfights have been an important part o f the Colombian history since the Spanish colonialism, the independence revolution, and the modern society nowadays. Therefore laws have been passed, as well as an important number of the Constitutional Court decisions have been made regarding the protection of this cultural expression of the Colombian nation. This article analyses not only the laws but also the Constitutional Court decisions in these matters. To conclude with a study of the decision of the Cataluña parliament, that prohibits bullfights in that Spaniard region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuban novelist Teresa Dovalpage's Posesas de La Habana (2004) (The Possessed Women of Havana) is representative of the rise of a new post-Soviet imaginary in Cuba, after the fall of the Berlin Wall. After reviewing the superposition and identifications among the national body, history, and the four women protagonists of the novel, the article focuses on demonstrating how the foul speech of Beiya, the youngest of the four Cuban women, confirms the crumbling of values in this new Cuba and shows the role of women in the new nation. The use of that deformed vocabulary in the domestic sphere reveals a nation that is invisible in the media, which are at the service of State power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, it is argued that multiple constructions of “the folk" are central to a proper understanding of Derek Walcott's poetics in that folk culture facilitates his aesthetics of creolization and brings to bear his contradictory political relationship to ideas about race (blackness), nation, gender and colonialism. It is analyzed the way in which he at once relies on a notion of an authentic folk and condemns what he sees as an Afrocentric, commercialized, state-sponsored folk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the definition of Anthony D. Smith of nationalism as the process of formation of nations, the article reviews the main theories that explain the construction of the nation, grouping them into five namely groups: the modernists who understand the nation as a data, the modernist constructivist; the perennialists who conceive the nation as a data and those who argue that there is a historical permanence of the nation as a construction. Finally, there is a mention of the topics raised by postmodern writers, because they do not want to build a general theory of nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes how Mother Castillo's mystic works were integrated into the canon of Colombian literature, with the support of 19th century intellectuals. Literary critics, writers, and historians proposed the deliberate formation of a national identity taking Mother Castillo's mystic works as the starting point since they are part of a political hegemony and a Catholic ideology. The article also discusses the process of Mother Castillo's inclusion in the canon of Colombian literature despite her being a female and an unknown writer from the Colonial period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to highlight the political and intellectual implications of nuclear energy in India beyond "traditional" security approaches. It elicits the process whereby local postcolonial elites felt identified and characterized scientific and technological research as a tool for boosting "progress" and national development. That explains why nuclear energy came to represent not only the most evident expression of "European modernity", but also a mechanism capable of producing secular knowledge, and thence, a modern space. Through the analysis of the personal files of Jawaharlal Nehru and Homi J. Bhab - "fathers" of the Indian nuclear program - and a critical dialogue with earlier literature on the subject, it is argued that nuclear energy produced a semantic field in the discursive space of the nation, which development and refinement acquired the condition sine qua non to achieve "European modernity". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National states were born out of the gradual dissolution of the medieval society and ended up as a paradigm of the modern system of thought. Nonetheless in the XXI Century there are crises factors present. The new "local" reality discovers many factions assumed as truths not subject to discussion during the last 500 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the concept of time in History (the discipline) as a political notion. Starting with and analysis of the connivences between history, nation and temporality, the author tries to unravel why it operates a hierarchical distribution of "subjects of history" and "subjects of culture". Dealing with specific cases of South Africa and Argentina, he tries to see how this distribution (even resignified in the "multicultural nation") prevents to realize certain continuities in the reproduction of asymmetries. This piece of work ends analyzing a postcolonial notion of history as loss, meaning a hybrid regime of historicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is a historical approach to the National Museum of Colombia, in order to analyze the representations of the Nation and its inhabitants exhibited between 1880 and 1912. First, it refers to some of the features of the Museum, taking into account its development during the nineteenth century and the social and cultural function it fulfilled; it then studies how collections were established by examining their origin and type of object gathered at the time, discussing how objects were classified in relation to the segment population and the variation of this classification during this period. Finally, it exemplifies how specific segments of the population were represented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After independence was achieved and throughout the 19th century, political, economical and cultural Colombian elites invented a model of nation based on the idea that highlands and white race were progress exclusive raw material, as though; based on racial and geographical attributions a regional hierarchy was built, and this allowed the configuration of local identities defined by this model. Meanwhile, besides Antioquia had an important presence of African and African descendant population since colonial times, from different enunciation places and turning over the colonization entrepreneurship of the 19th century as a the foundational myth, representations that showed Antioquia and its inhabitants as a successful correlate of the relationship between Andean highlands and white race started to be created, opposing to the negative valuation over lowlands and black population. This article, on one side, examines which were the representational mechanisms of Africans and their descendants in Antioquia through Tomas Carrasquilla literary work, and, on the other, wants to make evident that those creations marginalized the contributions done by Africans and their descendants to Antioquean history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the political and identity mobilization of history in the process of independence of Brazil, considering that the formation of the State and the emergence of the nation in the Brazil are two dimensions articulated in the context of crisis and overcome the Ancient Regime Portuguese in America. More specifically, we intend to discuss the discursive mobilization of the recent historical experience in the periodic press published in Brazil between 1821 and 1822. The text is guided by the hypothesis, inspired by the theoretical assertions of R. Koselleck, that as a project of independence is crystallized, the "colonial past" tended to lose its regulatory powers to the present, while at the same time that there was an intense appreciation of the "recent past". It seeks to demonstrate how this element, among other factors, legitimized and guided, in terms of discourse and identity, the process of independence of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a general mapping about the most relevant features related to contemporary Latin American narrative, and it is based on global analyses published in recent years by several critics from the region, included Brazil. The first part discusses extra-literary aspects, such as publishing industry conditions, literary groups building, and the media impact. The last part refers to themes and formal aspects regarding to new literary productions in Latin America, in particular the relationship between new writers and Latin American tradition, as well as the concept of nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known of Montalvo's work beyond his essays and political treatises; however, there are a great deal of discursive registers that need to be incorporated into that rather monolithic image. Capítulos que se le olvidaron a Cervantes is an excellent starting point to expand that view of Montalvo's work, and to rethink those notions that critics seem to feel very comfortable with, such as those of the nineteenth century scholar and intellectual. This book gives us an insight into different ways of establishing a dialogue with the writer's politics and image, as well as into the complex processes of self-representation and the conception of the place of the intellectual in the construction of the national imaginary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the Diario de los sucesos de la Revolution en la Provincia de Antioquia en los años de 1840 i 41, by Maria Martinez de Nisser (1843) in two interrelated contexts: that of gender studies and that of the Colombian civil wars of the 19th century. As an early feminine publication, the diary narrates the mechanisms used by the author to legitimate her participation in public life, both in the war and in the world of scholarly publications. While following the events of the so-called "Guerra de los Supremos", in which the author actively participated, the diary is also a defense against those who called her a prostitute as a result of that participation. From both the gender perspective and that of the significance of the civil wars, Martinez de Nisser's text sheds light on the issues that were at stake in the political configuration of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes how the 19th century national novels of Venezuela represent the conflicts associated with the implementation of the liberal model in a country dominated by forces that tie it to systems belonging to a colonial past that needs to be erased. The author contends that the 19th century Venezuelan novel goes beyond the representation of territorial spaces typical of the novel of manners and the "nativist" tendency, involving itself in the nationalist discussions related to the need for modernization and incorporation of the new nation into the international order. In order to achieve this, it was not enough for the new Venezuelan nation to clearly define its territories and allocate funds to those territories in the context of the liberal ideology of progress. It also needed to create a literature to construct the imaginary of a nation which would consolidate territorial spaces, create traditions, honor national heroes (the founding fathers), and discuss who belonged to the nation and who did not. In other words, the access to progress and modernization needed to be narrativized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes a few of the literary reinscriptions of frontier bandit Joaquin Murieta, in order to rethink border issues and the construction of national identities beyond spatial and linguistic relations. The cultural reinscriptions of Joaquin Murieta make it possible to reconsider the process of de-territorialization and the construction of new socio-cultural cartographies. Thus, the Murieta myths and legends may serve as the point of departure for the rethinking of identity as the product of a cultural practice that no longer necessarily depends on a geography or a language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary is an attempt to reflect on Michel de Certeau's "inverse outlook", considering the idea of "possessing words" as pivotal in the symbolic actions of May' 68 and their echo in Colombia's socio-political reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last couple of years, the "national" element seems to have been revived in different Colombian milieus; that is, not only on the political scene, but mostly in the midst of everyday life: in advertising strategies, in media discourse, and in audiovisual accounts of all sorts to which we are daily exposed. Thus, the need exists to examine which or what the strategies used by mass media and by means of which the nation is portrayed to us are; what type of discourse, which rhetorical tools are used in order to construct a unified referent which we call Colombia, a referent which in turn we incorporate into our everyday practice. The aforementioned analysis constitutes the purpose of our research, which in turn presents a summary of our conceptual and methodological assumptions as well as some of our early first results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este trabajo se enmarca en la comunicación política y estudia el discurso parlamentario chileno, específicamente el discurso senatorial conservador. La tesis planteada es que la concepción de nación tradicional, formulada como ideología, impide perfeccionar la democracia chilena y, específicamente, se usa contra las aspiraciones de representatividad del principal pueblo indígena chileno: los Mapuche. A partir del análisis del discurso ideológico, se observan los debates parlamentarios chilenos pertenecientes a los partidos políticos conservadores, referidos al pueblo mapuche. El estudio revela que los principios del Estado-Nación liberal están presentes en el discurso senatorial y se usan para evitar la participación política. Asociado a esto tenemos un hallazgo adicional de discurso clásico de una ideología racista. Finalizamos el estudio, destacando formas de profundizar el estudio y especulando sobre posibles alternativas políticas que, dada esta realidad, puedan ser eficaces en la construcción democrática chilena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of my Master's Thesis entitled "Representations of Public Space: Citizenship and Political Culture in the First Peronist government". In general terms, I address the articulation of politics and communication, considering the public space as a matter for primary analysis. To do so, we analyze the news events Sucesos Argentinos, which were shown between films in cinemas. Thus, I will first address the main analysis items: public space, citizenship, culture and political representation. Then, I will present the research questions and methodological approach, and finally some of the main conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns how the learned Colombian intellectuals used their writing proficiency during the second half of the 19th century to tell the story of our country and construct the subjects/objects which were inside/outside the nation's temporality and space. This narrative had two main axes: the continuity of the relationship established between the territory and its inhabitants, and/or the denial of the contemporaneity owed to those populations which represented racial otherness. Both axes exacerbated the difference, since the need to attract to the nation's 'civilizing' process demanded the previous rift or withdrawal of one or the other; yet the prescription of homogeneity and the simultaneous proscription of heterogeneity had, as condition for their possibility, recourse to the reiterated description of alterity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article takes a critical look at the discursive and hegemonic relationships that work behind the production of what is understood as the representation of the nation; that is, a social, symbolic, and discursive construct. In this sense, it raises issues such as power, perspective, exclusion, conflict, and struggle which play a role when building or defining what should be understood as "national". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an indepth analysis of writings published between 1853 and 1869, this article demonstrates that the writing of history in Colombia was influenced by the modern- colonial experience of learned citizens. From this perspective, the 19th century writers perceived and described a world in which the racial characters, the singularities of the environment and the local customs, were the basic interpretive tools in order to understand the past, modify the present and construct the future. This resulted in a historiography whereby the national territory, the person and the understanding of time, were fractured by the presence of inappropriate alterities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term identity, which has become a fashionable and overworked concept in social sciences since the mid 1970s, has lost all precise meaning. It replaced the idea of national characters and has become a term for any set of attributes of a social group. As the original meaning of the term - the permanent and unique attributes of an individual or social group- is not accepted anymore, it has been redefined, coming to mean just the opposite of its original meaning: now, all scientist want the term to mean the changing, variable, contradictory characters of a group. Finally, the article states that the use of the term identity in the mark of library activities should be avoided, as it goes against the accepted goals of libraries, which must promote cultural diversity and the contact with all the cultural forms and creations within the country and in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of a discourse of resistance on the Colombian Atlantic coast represents the early inscribing of a minority hybrid identity that made the periphery visible vis-a-vis the Andean hegemonic center, complicating the narrow and abstract concept of national identity in Colombia. This marginal locus of enunciation represents a singular establishment of position within the national literary field in the 1930's, at a time when the first outburst of negritude surged forth in the French and English-speaking communities of the Caribbean and Black Poetry charged the landscape. Through a true aesthetic of resistance, the Caribbean put into verse the relevance of the American world as a true counterpoint between the imagined community of the nation and the real community of regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]