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The article deals with the current issues of interconnection between public health and the quality of water resources. It was proposed to determine environmental safety areas in the basins of small rivers based on environmental morbidity valuation. Four phases are herewith determined: hazard identification, exposure assessment, environmental mortality rate assessment, decision-making regarding the need for implementation and water protection measures. In order to assess the influence of the state of river quality on the health status of the population in the certain administrative region, the impact factor of recreational water use was introduced. The risks related to organoleptic, sanitary and toxicological properties of water; epidemiological water hazard are considered.

This paper presents a time-saving method for monitoring the ecology of a dispersed territory using the delivery of measurement units provided by unmanned aerial vehicles with measurement sensors according to a reverse priority algorithm. It is achievable because of the decreasing mean waiting time of the order inside a queue during low-priority order servicing. The experimental research that confirms the efficiency of the proposed method in the case of delivery distributed measurement systems for low-priority measurement is carried out. The experimental research of the proposed method in the case of one-channel and many-channel SMD that can have an option of order rejection or an in-queue waiting option is conducted in WeBots. The probability distributions in the case of this system applying are compared with similar probability distributions in the case of systems of direct priority applying. Comparison and analysis enable us to conclude that the probability distribution in the case of SMD with a direct priority of delivery tends to decrease and approximates zero. This is related to the fact that means at the end of the queue to be handled have a lower priority, as these means of measurement take longer to handle the order than those at the head of the queue. Thus, the means of a low priority will be serviced in the last charge and there is a constant possibility that in some cases such orders will be rejected. The proposed method enables moderate this situation by using increasing the possibility of servicing the low-priority orders. The method can increase the efficiency of environmental monitoring and pollution emission control.

Soil salinity is one of the major impact factors on agriculture in the South of Kazakhstan. Prediction and estimation of soil salinity before planting a season usually helps to plan for the leaching of the salt. In the paper, satellite data, such as radar data and machine learning algorithms, were used to classify soil salinity. Numerical results were presented for the Turkestan region, which contains more than 102 points. The machine learning algorithms, including Gaussian Process, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, were compared. The evaluation of the model score was realized by using metrics such as accuracy, Recall, and f1. In addition, the influence of the dataset features on the classification was investigated using machine learning algorithms. The research results showed that the Gaussian Process model has the best score among considered algorithms. In addition, the results are consistent with the outcome of the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework.

With the development of information technology, electromagnetic radiation becomes a tangible view of the physical (wave) environmental pollution. Modern scientific research aimed at the components of the electromagnetic environment pollution problems mainly involves the anthropocentric approach. There is no procedure for determining the influence of harmful physical factors on biota, in particular in terms of water (Daphnia magna Straus) and air (Drosophila melanogaster L.) environments. A clear system of rationing of maximum permissible levels of electromagnetic radiation, including volume and ecosystems protected areas has not been developed. The article considers the relevant scientific and practical problem of creating a framework for assessing and predicting the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation on the biota related to ethological changes and teratogenesis. The characteristic of all the constituent elements of the system determines the degree of the negative impact of the induction of the magnetic field on the biota: activity, mortality; reproduction; availability, and frequency of Teratology. A method for determining the activity levels of Daphnia and Drosophila total average activity biota was developed and described. The trajectory patterns of Daphnia motion at low activity in the state of stability, with increased activity in the excited state, were created. The results of the research on the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation of industrial frequency on biota were presented. The critical levels of the magnetic field and noise pollution, which cause the depletion and destruction of the test object, the relationship between ethological changes and the occurrence of mutations depending on radiation levels were determined. The biological test objects were proven to minimize the error of the results of determination of electromagnetic effects on the biota, in comparison with the mathematical methods of research.

The paper presents schemes of various equipment for the mechanical treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater, which allows us to remove from it the main part of the pollution. There was conducted an examination of the shortcomings of the known equipment with aim of its improvement. As a result, an installation scheme for continuous high-performance mechanical wastewater treatment has been proposed. In contrast to the known equipment, the proposed installation provides a three-staged treatment of wastewater with help of the two pares gratings – for preliminary treatment (removal of large-size pollutions) and by way of filtration through the two metallic sieves – for normal and fine treatment (removal of small-size mechanical pollutions). The installation consists of high-efficient appliances for cleaning of filtering elements in course of realization of the working process, which provide stable high productivity of treatment. The installation has a simple reliable design and low energy expenses. The paper consists formulas for determining of main operational parameters of the installation: the change of the cross-sectional area of the filtering elements and productivity of the working process, periodicity of cleaning of gratings and sieves, the necessary electric power of installations drives. These formulas can be base for further research of installation and for the elaboration of a method of its design calculation

The article describes a newly developed calculation technique and choice of the geometrical parameters of the solar collector with the siphon effect. The dependence of the cross section of the pipe on the flow time for different values of the head is also shown. With an increase in the siphon head, the flow time of the liquid increases. This is explained by the fact that with increasing head the hydraulic resistance of the siphon increases, which leads to a decrease in the velocity of the fluid. For the first time, a relationship determining the time of fluid outflow in dependence on the geometric parameters of the solar collector is settled. The developed technique allowed to establish that the local hydraulic resistance and friction play a significant role in the heat carrier flow rate.

This article is dedicated to the study of numerical simulation of temperature field distribution in rolling mill with many cages for continuous casting and rolling stripe of metal wire. In work the simplest is used in use, certainly a steady, economic difference method, a method of division of variables of a multidimensional task into a chain of one-dimensional tasks, a method of total approximation, the locally one-dimensional scheme. The algorithm of numerical modeling of distribution of a temperature field on cages of the rolling mill is constructed. Solutions of the three-dimensional temperature field distribution tasks based on experimental data allows finding the temperature across the strip of metal rod in a rolling mill stands. Calculation of the distribution of temperature field in hearth of deformation of a metal rod was realized on implicit scheme. The calculations are shown in the graphs. It provides an analysis of the error of errors.

The paper discusses some practical problems conected with introdction of modern coal combustion technologies as well as biomass co-combustion. In order to ensure that the combustion process runs in a proper way, the multichannel fiber optic monitoring system was applied. The system converts the optical signals coming from several flame zones to electrical that were further transmitted to the control room. The article prsents signal analyses made in time-frequency domain using short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform and the way of their visualization to power boiler operators

An article herein considers the development of fiber-optic sensors system, based on fiber Bragg gratings. Presently, fiber-optic sensor has become world-widely known amongst sensor technologies, which is used for monitoring engineering and construction structures. The work is linked with developing the system from fiber-optic sensors on the basis of fiber optic gratings, its characteristics, deformation behavior and temperature, acting at fiber Bragg grating by means of computer modeling. The research is focused at analysis of characteristics and deformation and temperature behavior of fiber-optic Bragg sensor. Fiber-optic Bragg sensor with tilted grating is used for measuring deformation of the object, the strength of which is changed, dependent on the applied force, as well, for measuring and detecting any temperature deviations, influencing at fiber Bragg grating, which might bring to fire and accidents. In the research there was made simulation modeling in MATLAB(Simulink) software.

Municipal solid waste management and its disposal are considered one of the major challenges facing the urban communities around the world. Effective solid waste treatment involves a variety of approaches, treatment technologies and concepts to ensure the protection of public health and the environment. Waste landfill is the method most commonly used worldwide, despite all the significant environmental, health and economic consequences. Thus, alternative methods such as the municipal solid waste pretreatment, fermentation, ethanol fermentation and anaerobic fermentation have been the focus of heightened attention. Using these methods, an alcohol-containing liquid was obtained from 1.5 kg of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), which had an ethanol percentage of 97.45%. Consequently, if properly managed and used, municipal solid waste can be a viable source of energy rather than a source of pollution.