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The problem of coupling the porous structure of carbon materials with their electronic structure to achieve the maximum efficient operation of an electric double layer, i.e., the interfaces with the electrolyte, was considered. The initial materials for producing activated carbon were flax and field horsetail fibers. The effect of introducing iron-containing impurities into the initial raw flax material and natural silicon in the horsetail structure on the parameters of capacitive energy storage was studied. The investigation of the capacitance-voltage characteristics of the electric double layer, magnetic properties, and Raman spectroscopy data made it possible to propose a mechanism explaining the data obtained.

The possibility of directly using the natural mineral pyrophyllite for the efficient generation of Li+ intercalation current is demonstrated experimentally. The dependences of changes in the Gibbs energy and the entropy of the intercalation reaction on the degree of the guest lithium load are analyzed. A distinctive feature of the intercalation kinetics in LixAl2(OH)2[Si2O5]2 is the anomalously high diffusion coefficients of lithium cations at x > 0.3.

The thermodynamic and kinetic regularities of the intercalation of lithium into C-SiO2 nanocomposites are studied. The dependence of the differential capacity and kinetic intercalation parameters on the size of nanocomposite particles is established. According to theoretical analysis, the obtained results are explained as resulting from the quantum-mechanical effect of the interference blockage of the tunneling of an electron into a nonmetallic nanoparticle. An impedance model of processes and its parametric identification are given. A new class of electrochemical energy generators is proposed.

The multilayer structure consisting of alternating semiconductor (InSe) and molecular nematic (MN) nanointerlayers has been prepared using the intercalation techniques. The stages of the preparation of the InSe〈MN〉 structures have been described, and the results of investigation of their physical properties by impedance spectroscopy have been reported. The structures of the impedance models have been proposed, and prospects for their use as ultrahigh-capacitance varicaps and nanostructured elements of delay lines that can be directly incorporated into nanochips have been justified.

The possibility is shown of designing a functional hybrid galvanophotocapacitor active system that would be able to use, if necessary, its own chemical energy in darkness instead of only the energy stored during illumination. In experiments, the Bridgman-grown n-type indium monoselenide was used as the photosensitive anode. Electrochemical investigations were carried out in a three-electrode cell with an aprotic solution of electrolyte; 0.4 M lithium-iodide solution in γ-butyrolactone acid and 1M lithium-tetrafluorborate in the same solvent were chosen as the latter.

The effect of laser radiation on the impurity energy spectrum of intercalated structures is studied by the example of 〈Co〉0.015GaSe. By the variations in frequency dependences of resistivity measured normally to the layers of the obtained structure and by the transformation of the Nyquist diagrams consisting of two connected in series parallel R ‖ C units, a conclusion is made on the laser-stimulated compensation of the intercalant. The obtained values of the real part of permittivity are characteristic of doped semiconductors or their alloys in the radio-frequency range. The experimental results showed that the pulsed laser irradiation is an effective method to affect the energy impurity spectrum of intercalated compounds.

We have studied the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the intercalation of lithium, potassium, magnesium, and iodine ions in chemically modified natural bentonite. X-ray diffraction data and thermodynamic analysis indicate that the Li+ intercalation leads to the formation of a continuous series of nonstoichiometric phases, except for a phase transition in the range 0.15 < x < 0.45 (where x is the mole fraction of the guest) and the formation of a new, structurally ordered phase in an almost amorphous matrix at x = 0.6. The K+ intercalation leads to the formation of a continuous series of phases, and the Mg2+ intercalation carries the system to a two-phase state over the entire composition range studied. Iodine can only be intercalated in a narrow range (

Intercalated crystals of indium and gallium selenide are prepared. It is shown that laser intercalation of nickel into GaSe samples leads to a giant magnetoresistive effect whose magnitude and sign depend on the concentration of the guest component. The giant magnetoresistive effect in the InSe intercalation compounds is considerably weaker and does not exceed 5%. The experimental data obtained are explained in terms of magnetic delocalization (localization) of charge carriers with the participation of states of intercalated magnetically active atoms in the vicinity of the Fermi level.