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This volume is concerned with issues in experimental philosophy and experimental linguistics. Examining experiments in language from a variety of perspectives, it asks what form they should take and what should count as evidence. There is particular focus on the status of linguistic intuitions and the use of language corpora. A number of papers address issues of methodology in experimental work, while other contributions examine the use of thought experiments and what the hypothetical can tell us about the actual. The aim of this collection is to bring together the work of linguists and philosophers in order that they may learn from one another, and to help both groups understand how the use of experimental methods can affect the arguments they employ and the claims they make.

Die Arbeit untersucht die Integration und Bindung internationaler Absolventen englischsprachiger Studiengänge in Deutschland und Dänemark an ihr Gastland. Anhand von Interviews mit HR-Managern internationaler Unternehmen werden zunächst die sprachlichen Anforderungen und die Beschäftigungsfähigkeit von Alumni mit geringen Kenntnissen der Landessprache erhoben. Die anschließende Absolventenbefragung beleuchtet die frühere Sprachlernmotivation, die Studienbedingungen, den Sprachlernerfolg und die heutigen Bindungen der Absolventen. Die Retrospektive soll dabei helfen, die Nachhaltigkeit der sprachenpolitischen Entscheidungen an deutschen und dänischen Hochschulen zu bewerten. Die Arbeit schließt mit differenzierten Empfehlungen zur Förderung

The volume comprises papers that were presented at the 14th European conference on «Formal Description of Slavic Languages 10.5» at Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic. The conference focuses on formal approaches to Slavic phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. The present contributions describe interesting data patterns found in Slavic languages and analyze them from the perspective of formal grammar, including generative syntax, Distributed Morphology, formal semantics and others.

Quo vadis, Kommunikation? Kommunikation – Sprache – Medien ist der Tagungsband des 46. Linguistischen Kolloquiums an der Lucian-Blaga-Universität in Sibiu/Hermannstadt, Rumänien. Die Essays beleuchten die Rolle der Medien in der heutigen Kommunikation: sie sind zugleich Ausgangspunkt oder Anwendungsgebiet von Betrachtungen zu den traditionellen Kernbereichen der Linguistik oder zur Angewandten Linguistik. Der Band umfasst Beiträge in deutscher, englischer und französischer Sprache von 30 verschiedenen Universitäten aus 14 Ländern. Quo vadis, Communication? Communication – Language – Media presents contributions of the 46th Linguistics Colloquium at the University of Sibiu, Romania. The essays offer a critical review of the influence of modern media on communication and how media have become the subject of research in different linguistic fields. The volume comprises papers in German, English and French from 30 different universities.

This volume offers a selection of twenty papers presented at the 28th International Annual Conference of the Croatian Applied Linguistics Society held in 2014. The authors'reflections on Multidisciplinary Approaches to Multilingualism fall into four different areas of investigation: 1) bilingual and multilingual studies focusing on research in foreign, second and lingua franca issues, 2) language policy and planning, 3) translation studies, lexis and lexical relations and 4) experimental research into language processing. The volume addresses an international audience and places a number of Croatian-based considerations onto the international applied linguistics scene.

Der Band enthält 34 Beiträge, die beim 45. Linguistischen Kolloquium in Veszprém (Ungarn) vom 16. bis 18. September 2010 präsentiert wurden. Die Autoren beschäftigen sich mit älteren und neueren Arbeitsfeldern der Sprachwissenschaft sowie ihren innovativen Ergebnissen. Die internationale Zusammensetzung der Kolloquiumsteilnehmer und ihre diversen methodischen Standpunkte und Aspekte bieten ein breit gefächertes Forschungsfeld im linguistischen Wissenschaftsbetrieb. Neben Angewandter Linguistik, Interkultureller Linguistik, Pragmatik, Lexikologie, Semantik, Kontaktlinguistik und Grammatikographie ist auch die Sektion Fremdsprachendidaktik vertreten. Darüber hinaus werden in dem Sammelband Fragen für künftige Forschungen formuliert. This volume presents 34 papers delivered at the 45th Linguistics Colloquium in Veszprém (Hungary) from 16th to 18th September, 2010. The authors deal with older and newer fields of work in linguistics as well as their innovative results. The international composition of the participants and the various methodological positions and aspects of the academic activities in linguistics offer the possibility of a broad field of research. Apart from Applied Linguistics, Intercultural Linguistics, Pragmatics, Lexicology, Semantics, Contact Linguistics and Grammaticography, the book also presents Foreign Language Didactics. Moreover, the book suggests topics for future research.

This book discusses different aspects of the cinematic and literary representation of war. The papers in this volume consider the roles of war films and war novels in remaking historical memories, the influence of films and novels as social media and debate their roles as instruments of propaganda and mystification. The book is organized along chronological and geographical lines, looking first at the First and Second World Wars in Europe; then the Pacific War; the Vietnam War; and espionage and propaganda in the Cold War and Post-Cold War.

Contexual Approaches in Communication is a collection of papers by researchers from several different institutions on a wide range of communication issues: social responsibility, social media, cyberbullying, interpersonal communication, gender issues and the impact of Facebook, advertising, television and mobese cameras. The book addresses educators, researchers, social students and teachers and it will also be useful to all those who interact, one way or another, with both students and teachers in a communication context.

Current Approaches in Social Sciences is a collection of research papers on a wide range of social issues written by researchers from several different institutions. The book will appeal to educators, researchers, social students and teachers of all subjects and of all levels, who wish to develop personally and professionally. It will also be useful to all those who interact, one way or another, with both students and teachers in a social context.

This book presents a selection of papers on teaching English as a foreign language and the role of language education in human development. As thinking skills rely on language, language education should exceed utilitarian and everyday communicative needs and should be the basis for developing other school subjects. The book provides practical suggestions for language teaching, for the development of logical thinking and the understanding of the linguistic relationship between the first and the second languages in a historical perspective.

Inklings nannte sich eine Gruppe von Schriftstellern und Geisteswissenschaftlern in Oxford, deren bekannteste Mitglieder J.R.R. Tolkien und C.S. Lewis waren. Die Inklings-Gesellschaft e. V. widmet sich seit 1983 dem Studium und der Verbreitung der Werke dieser und ihnen nahestehender Autoren sowie der Analyse des Phantastischen in Literatur, Film und Kunst allgemein. Ihre Jahrestagungen werden in Jahrbüchern dokumentiert. Dieser Band enthält neun Vorträge der Tagung Düstere Aussichten – Margaret Atwoods imaginative Expeditionen in das Unwohnliche, die 2014 in Düren stattfand und sich neben Atwoods Romanen auch mit der Rolle des Nordens in der Literatur beschäftigte. Fünf weitere Beiträge und zahlreiche Rezensionen ergänzen das Buch. Inklings was the name of a group of Oxford scholars and writers whose best-known members were J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis. The German Inklings-Gesellschaft, founded in 1983, is dedicated to the discussion and dissemination of their works and of writers commonly associated with them and to the study of the fantastic in literature, film and the arts in general. The proceedings of the annual Inklings conferences are being published in yearbooks. This volume contains nine papers presented at the 2014 conference on Dark Visions – Margaret Atwood's Imaginative Travels into the Regions of the Uncomfortable. The contributions deal with Atwood's novels and also with the role of the North in literature at large. In addition, there are five general articles and numerous reviews.

The reception of Mediterranean Antiquity heritage is one of the dominant research areas in contemporary classical studies. This issue has constituted the scope of the conference Reception of Ancient Myths in Ancient, Modern and Postmodern Culture, which took place at the University of Lódz (Poland) in November 2013. The volume consists of the selected articles based on the conference papers. They are divided into the main chapters: Literature, Visual and Performing Arts and Philosophy as well as Anthropology. The authors consider different methods of reception of ancient myths focusing on various cultural phenomena: literature, fine arts, theatre, cinema and pop culture.

Contemporary Approaches in Education presents papers of the Fifth European Conference on Social and Behavioral Sciences in St. Petersburg, Russia and the Sixth European Conference on Social and Behavioral Sciences in Selcuk, Izmir, Turkey. The contributions deal with a wide range of educational issues, namely teaching and learning, educational policy and school psychology.

Collected under the theme of Visions and Revisions, the papers included in this volume examine different aspects of literature and culture of the Anglophone world. The first part gathers articles dealing with poetry of such epochs as the seventeenth century, the Victorian era and the modern times. Part two focuses on prose works representing such conventions and modes as the romance, the Gothic novel, the condition of England novel, Victorian and neo-Victorian fiction, the science fiction novel and gay fiction. Part three concerns various aspects of British and American culture, including the new media, drama and journalism, and advertising. In its diversity the volume reflects the dynamics of change in literature and culture, enabling the readers to investigate the multifaceted canon.

The volume comprises 16 papers given at the conference Re-Inventing Traditions held in Berlin in 2012. It negotiates the question of the transmission of artistic patterns in late medieval manuscript illumination. The model as such is often regarded as a mere working tool but recently the conditions of its creation and transformation have been discovered as a field of research. Among the central themes of these essays are textual tradition, workshop methods and the development and changeability of artistic models throughout different media and in various European regions.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the 8th International Conference of Middle English, held in Spain at the University of Murcia in 2013. The contributions embrace a variety of research topics and approaches, with a particular interest in multilingualism, multidialectalism and language contact in medieval England, together with other more linguistically-oriented approaches on the phonology, syntax, morphology, semantics and pragmatics of Middle English. The volume gives a specialized stance on various aspects of the Middle English language and reveals how the interdisciplinary confluence of different approaches can shed light on manifold evidences of variation, contact and change in the period.

Im Blickpunkt dieses Werkes stehen Rolle und Bedeutung der deutschen Sprache für die Gruppenidentität deutschsprachiger Expatriates in einem südostasiatischen Kontext. Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, Ergebnisse für die internationale Stellung der deutschen Sprache abzuleiten. Die Arbeit ist im Bereich der Makrosoziolinguistik angesiedelt und berücksichtigt psychologische, soziopsychologische und sprachwissenschaftliche Ansätze. Die Resultate zeigen auf, dass die deutsche Sprache durch deutsche Expatriates und ihre Vereine gefördert werden könnte. Darüber hinaus könnte durch ihre Wirkung ein positives Deutschlandbild und auch ein profundes Verständnis für den interkulturellen Dialog entwickelt werden. Dies kann als Grundlage für die weitere Analyse dieses Themas gelten.

The twelfth conference of the European Federation of the National Institutions of Language (EFNIL) at the Accademia della Crusca dealt with the increasing tendency to use English as the language of academic instruction and research in Europe. This development can be seen as progress in international scientific communication at the cost of all languages other than English. The volume presents general reflections, reports and discussions on the linguistic situation at the universities of various European countries, some with a historical perspective. As a conclusion it offers a «Resolution of Florence concerning Language Use in University Teaching and Research» in the 26 official languages of most member states of the European Union and other European countries.

The proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Formal Description of Slavic Languages in Leipzig 2013 offer current formal investigations into Slavic morphology, phonology, semantics, syntax and information structure. In addition to papers of the main conference, the volume presents those of two special workshops: «Formal Perspectives and Diachronic Change in Slavic Languages» and «Various Aspects of Heritage Language». The following languages are addressed: Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS), Bulgarian, Czech, Macedonian, Old Church Slavonic, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Resian, Slovak and Slovene.

The Jewish Press'purpose is to promote Jewish Orthodoxy. The book explores this popular American Jewish newspaper and more precisely the development of the paper's ideology over a period of forty years offering a new understanding of the phenomenon Orthodoxy. Orthodoxy must be understood as a dynamic concept continually changing as a result of historical developments and hegemonic struggles with other ideologies about telling the Jew in modern society how he is to understand himself and the surrounding world.

The book presents contributions to the 2012 conference of the Austrian Association of University Teachers of English in which scholars of various fields of English Studies discuss aspects of contact and conflict in Anglophone literatures, critical theory, cultural studies, interdisciplinary and comparative English studies and English linguistics. The papers reflect current research in these areas and show that disciplinary classifications are no longer as rigid as they used to be: Topics are as widely spread as linguistic variation, Maori English, English as a lingua franca, intergenerational conflict, hip hop discourse, literature and the creative arts, science drama, childhood in crime fiction, and the crisis of «high art».

«Empirical Methods in Language Studies» presents 22 papers employing a broad range of empirical methods in the analysis of various aspects of language and communication. The individual texts offer contributions to the description of conceptual strategies, syntax, semantics, non-verbal communication, language learning, discourse, and literature.

This volume brings together a number of previously published papers, which reflect a middle-of-the-road approach in Linguistic Analysis. The first part contains articles dealing with major grammatical techniques and strategies in Arabic dialects: articles on syllabication, stress and intonation in an urban Arabic dialect as well as on lexical borrowing. The second part deals with linguistic substitution as verbal dynamism, and with riddles and riddling in an Algerian context. Ce volume est un ensemble des articles déjà publiés dans le domaine de l'analyse linguistique. La méthodologie suivie est structural-fonctionnaliste. La première partie contient deux articles traitant de sujets de dialectologie arabe, entre autres l'utilisation des marqueurs de la possession dans des dialectes arabes du Maghreb et de la Péninsule Arabique, les diverses structures syllabiques, l'accent et les contours d'intonation dans un dialecte arabe urbain. La deuxième partie s'occupe des énigmes en contexte algérien et deux autres articles sur la suppléance linguistique en arabe dialectal.

For decades, Arthur D. Nock's famous definition of conversion and his distinction between conversion and adhesion have greatly influenced our understanding of individual religious transformation in the ancient world. The articles in this volume – originally presented as papers at the conference Conversion and Initiation in Antiquity (Ebeltoft, Denmark, December 2012) – aim to nuance this understanding. They do so by exploring different facets of these two phenomena in a wide range of religions in their own context and from new theoretical and empirical perspectives. The result is a compilation of many new insights into ancient initiation and conversion as well as their definitions and characteristics.

This book represents the volume of the International Musicological Conference «Musical Romania and Neighbouring Cultures. Traditions, Influences, Identities», which took place in Iasi (Romania) and was organised by the George Enescu University of Arts Iasi in collaboration with the International Musicological Society. The volume includes 35 papers of 38 authors who represent academic centres in Croatia, Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Romania. The diverse topics include ancient Romanian, Balkan or East-European music, music iconography, Byzantine and folkloristic traditions, as well as modern and contemporary music. The articles propose theoretical and methodological documentation on the interactions between liturgical, folkloric and academic works within this multicultural space.

This volume contains a collection of papers by an international team of scholars covering the subject of literary character in Roman poetry. The list of authors discussed in the book includes the most prominent poets of Augustan and Imperial period like Horace, Vergil, Propertius, Ovid, Lucan and an epigrammatist of the 6th century A.D., Maximianus Etruscus. Problems treated vary from theoretical through poetical to historical questions. Different points of view presented in the book give a deep insight into modern discussion on both theory and practice of literary character in ancient Roman literary tradition.

«Inklings» nannte sich eine Gruppe von Schriftstellern und Geisteswissenschaftlern in Oxford, deren bekannteste Mitglieder J.R.R. Tolkien und C.S. Lewis waren. Die Inklings-Gesellschaft e.V. widmet sich seit 1983 dem Studium und der Verbreitung der Werke dieser und ihnen nahestehender Autoren sowie der Analyse des Phantastischen in Literatur, Film und Kunst allgemein. Ihre Jahrestagungen werden in Jahrbüchern dokumentiert. Dieser Band enthält zehn Vorträge der Tagung C.S. Lewis – 50 Jahre nach seinem Tod, die 2013 in Aachen stattfand, um eine Einschätzung des Werks des Schriftstellers, Literaturwissenschaftlers und Laientheologen Lewis und seiner Wirkung vorzunehmen, sowie fünf weitere Beiträge und zahlreiche Rezensionen. «Inklings» was the name of a group of Oxford scholars and writers; its best-known members were J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis. The German Inklings-Gesellschaft, founded in 1983, is dedicated to the discussion and dissemination of the works of these authors and of writers commonly associated with them and to the study of the fantastic in literature, film and the arts in general. The proceedings of the annual Inklings conferences are being published in yearbooks. This volume contains ten papers presented at the 2013 conference on C.S. Lewis – 50 years after his death in Aachen that attempted a re-evaluation of the author, literary scholar and lay theologian Lewis and an assessment of his impact. In addition, there are five general articles and numerous reviews.

This collection of papers is published within a series of post-conference volumes to reflect the state-of-the-art in the field of linguistic and literary research into Middle English. The contributions embrace a variety of research topics and approaches, with a more particular interest in the broad area of sense-form relationships and text studies of the period which rely on the traditional as well as the rapidly expanding searchable resources. They concern language, literature and manuscripts studies over a wide choice of disciplines and put a notable emphasis on up-to-date tools and methodologies to provide far-fetched searches of corpora and dictionaries that allow for a new quality of token verification and theoretical generalizations.

This volume presents a number of contributions to the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Slavic Linguistics Society held in Szczecin, Poland, October 26–28. The largest number of articles address issues related to the (morpho)syntactic level of language structure, and several papers describe results of recent research into different aspects of Slavic linguistics as well. The current volume proves conclusively that Slavic linguists make a remarkable contribution to the development of various theoretical frameworks by analysing linguistic evidence from richly inflected languages, which allows them to test and modify contemporary theories and approaches based on other types of data.

This volume aims to represent the breadth and depth of current linguistic research of predominantly young linguists and thus to produce a snapshot of topical linguistic issues and trends. Therefore, it presents papers from systemic linguistics next to ones on text linguistics, sociolinguistics and the didactics of language. The volume is based on talks given at the 14th Norddeutsches Linguistisches Kolloquium 2013 in Halle an der Saale. The book contains 14 contributions in English, and three in German.

This volume attempts to keep track of the most recent developments in corpus-based, corpus-driven and corpus-informed studies. It signals the widening scope and perspectives on language and computers by documenting new developments and explorations in these areas encompassing an array of topics and themes, ranging from national corpora, corpus tools, information and terminology extraction through cognitive processes, discourse and ideology, academic discourse, translation, and lexicography to language teaching and learning. The contributions are drawn from a selection of papers presented at the 7th Practical Applications in Language and Computers PALC conference held at the University of Lódz in 2009.

The papers in this collection discuss broadly understood cognitive turns in the philosophy of language, inspired by the Chomskyan revolution in linguistics, Langacker's and Lakoff's Cognitive Linguistics, but also phenomenology, Relevance Theory and Classical Indian Philosophy. The individual texts investigate, from different angles, the relations between philosophy of language and linguistics, and contribute to the development of theoretical frameworks for studying language. Most of the contributions were presented at the first International Conference on Philosophy of Language and Linguistics, PhiLang2009 (University of Lódz, May 2009).

C-Tests bestehen aus mehreren kurzen Texten, in denen fehlende Wortteile zu rekonstruieren sind. Sie haben hervorragende psychometrische Eigenschaften und werden in einer Vielzahl von Kontexten zur ökonomischen Messung von (allgemeiner) Sprachkompetenz eingesetzt. Dieser Band illustriert den aktuellen Stand der C-Test-Forschung. Der Fokus liegt auf Augenscheingültigkeit und Washback von C-Tests; C-Test-Leistung und Intelligenz; C-Tests als Screening-Instrumente für TestDaF und SIMTEST; ROC-Analysen zur Zuordnung von C-Test-Ergebnissen zu den Kompetenzstufen des GER; Verwendung von C-Tests im Unterricht. Eine Besonderheit des Bandes ist die umfassende C-Test-Bibliographie des Herausgebers. C-Tests consist of several short texts in which the missing parts of words have to be reconstructed. C-Tests have excellent psychometric properties and are used in many contexts as economical tests of language proficiency. This collection of papers illustrates the state of the art of C-Test research. It focuses on face validity and washback of C-Tests, C-Test performance and intelligence, C-Tests as screening devices for TestDaF and SIMTEST, ROC analyses for relating C-Test scores to the CEFR as well as use of C-tests in the classroom. A special feature of the volume is the editor's comprehensive C-Test bibliography.

The papers in this book address the most fundamental, currently investigated problems in cognitive linguistics in a wide spectrum of perspectives. Apart from some traditional descriptions of particular metaphors and metonymies, there are analyses of spatio-temporal relations, motion and stillness, iconicity, force dynamics, as well as subjectivity and objectivity in language. The analyses are based on a number of languages: English, Polish, Russian, German, Lithuanian, Italian and Danish. The essays represent case studies, theoretical analyses as well as practical applications.

The book consists of articles from East European Politics and Societies, a journal published in the United States that first appeared in 1987. This selection is composed of papers written by the journal's founders and early authors, among them Zygmunt Bauman, Tony Judt, Katherine Verdery, Vladimir Tismaneanu, Elemer Hankiss, Vesna Pusic, Maria Todorova. The first section Before the Change consists of texts written in the late 1980s; its authors tried to identify the cracks that would undermine or reform the existing system. In the second part of the book Alternative Futures contributors sketched the directions of the changes as they were just getting underway. The authors hoped that politics, economics, and societies were now free to reinvent themselves. The texts in the third section, Legacies of the Past, written before, during, and after the time of most drastic changes, show how the shadows cast by the histories of individual nations and the region as a whole continued to burden political strategies as well as daily lives.

Dieser Band vereinigt 63 Beiträge in deutscher, englischer und französischer Sprache. Er repräsentiert ein breites Spektrum an Themen und Erkenntnissen aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Linguistik und versucht damit eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme des Faches. Die Beiträge widmen sich Fragestellungen aus den Gebieten der Grammatik, Semantik, Text- und Diskurspragmatik sowie der Angewandten Linguistik. Aufsätze zur kontrastiven Linguistik und zur Fremdsprachendidaktik runden den Band ab. This volume contains the revised versions of 63 papers, written in German, English and French. It considers a broad spectrum of topics and findings from various areas of linguistics and thereby offers a critical review of the field. The authors address questions ranging from grammar, semantics, text and discourse pragmatics to issues from the field of applied linguistics. The volume is concluded by studies on contrastive linguistics and foreign language pedagogy.

This volume is a collection of papers approaching the phenomenon of language from a variety of perspectives. Scholars in phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicology, historical linguistics and translation studies share the results of their research. They invite the reader on a journey into the multifaceted and complex world of human language, moving from the study of sound through the description of structure to the analysis of meaning. The volume has been brought together to honour Professor Piotr Ruszkiewicz from the Institute of Modern Languages of the Pedagogical University of Cracow, a linguist and academic lecturer.

The book examines deep shifts in the religious life of Russia and the post-Soviet world as a whole. The author uses combined methods of history, sociology and anthropology to grasp transformations in various aspects of the religious field, such as changes in ritual practices, the emergence of a hierarchical pluralism of religions, and a new prominence of religion in national identity discourse. He deals with the Russian Church's new internal diversity in reinventing its ancient tradition and Eastern Orthodoxy's dense and tense negotiation with the State, secular society and Western liberal globalism. The volume contains academic papers, some of them co-authored with other scholars, published by the author elsewhere within the last fifteen years.

Learning opportunities outside school are met with increasing interest. Not only the visual character of leisure time venues supports foreign language learning, but also their aesthetic quality is enjoyed by students and teachers. Other learning venues outside school like work places and places visited during stays abroad are appreciated for their interactional support. However, as the ten papers of this volume show, the opportunity to experience free choice learning and hence the chance for life-long learning has to be well balanced with the scaffolding and the sheltered space that language learners need. Only if this dove-tailing works out well, resources can be better used and students can benefit in terms of motivation, cultural awareness, and increased foreign language competence.

This volume contains twelve papers presented at the 26th International Conference of the Croatian Applied Linguistics Society, which was held at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Zagreb in 2012. The articles deal with the way in which information appears in language, specifically with the relationship between meaning and structure, and the way it is constructed by language users, particularly in foreign language learning and teaching situations. All the articles illustrate the claim that investigating language and its information value hinges on language structure, meaning and sociocognitive factors. The analysis of one cannot be complete without analyzing the other two, based on a functional perspective.

This volume brings together a rich variety of papers, which were given at an international conference entitled «Between Worlds: The Age of the Jagiellonians» in Cluj-Napoca in October 2010. They cover various aspects of the impact of this important dynasty on Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe, and its reign in Lithuania, Poland, Hungary and Bohemia between the 14th and the 16th century. Thus, the relevance of the Age of the Jagiellonians for the transformation of Europe between the late Middle Ages and the Early Modern period becomes visible. Various approaches to the overall topic can be found in this volume, be it from the viewpoint of war and religion, frontier studies, politics, theology, historiography or art history.

The book presents a collection of papers in English, French and German, which touch on a wide variety of cultural, political, and educational ramifications of multilingualism in Africa. Apart from the general introduction, all contributions stem from African scholars representing their inside perspective on matters. The contributions refer to sociolinguistic situations primarily in Benin, Kenya, Mali, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan and Togo. They deal with aspects of language contact and language change, language empowerment and protection of linguistic diversity, linguistic landscape and language legitimization, regional integration, HIV/AIDS communication, and language issues in education from primary to tertiary level. A special sub-focus is on the teaching of foreign languages such as German in Africa. The book contains 12 contributions in English, three in French, and two in German.

This volume contains the scientific papers presented at the 2nd International Conference Perspectives of Business Law in the Third Millennium that was held on November 2, 2012 at Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania. The scientific studies included in this volume are grouped into three chapters: Recent developments and perspectives in the regulation of business law at European Union level; Transposition of European Union directives into national law; Recent developments and perspectives in the regulation of international business law. The present volume is addressed to practitioners and researchers in juridical sciences, who are interested in recent developments and prospects for development in the field of business law at European and international level.

Survey data are used in many disciplines including Social Sciences, Economics and Psychology. Interviewers'behaviour might affect the quality of such data. This book presents the results of new research on interviewers'motivation and behaviour. A substantial number of contributions address deviant behaviour, methods for assessing the impact of such behaviour on data quality and tools for detecting faked interviews. Further chapters discuss methods for preventing undesirable interviewer effects. Apart from specific methodological contributions, the chapters of the book also provide a unique collection of examples of deviant behaviour and its detection – a topic not overly present in literature despite its substantial prevalence in survey field work. The volume includes 13 peer reviewed papers presented at an international workshop in Rauischholzhausen in October 2011.

This volume is a collection of the research papers presented at the colloquium Baltic Business Development, which took place in the environment of the 3rd international conference Economies of Central and Eastern Europe (ECEE) in Tallinn in 2012. The colloquium was organised by Tallinn School of Economics and Business Administration of Tallinn University of Technology in cooperation with Hamburg University of Technology and the Baltic-German University Liaison Office in Riga. The colloquium offered a great platform for promoting cooperation and for disseminating knowledge and experience on the development of international business in the Baltic Sea Region in the frame of the Baltic Sea Strategy and the Agenda EU2020.

In the future, advocacy in the field of International Relations will increase in importance. Mandates pertaining to particular issues have therefore been announced and officially assigned. In analysing the normative framework of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014) the prominent and novel concept of lead agency is introduced, applied and comprehensively discussed. The major characteristics and implications of this concept are illustrated in the context of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and its mandate for global leadership and co-ordination. This publication contributes to the theory and practice of organizational leadership performance by proposing viable criteria for assessing achievements and challenges. The interdisciplinary approach adopted meets the needs of both practitioners in the field of education for sustainable development and scholars dealing with regime theory and new institutionalism.

Das UNESCO-Übereinkommen zur kulturellen Vielfalt wurde vielfach als Magna Charta des Kulturvölkerrechts bezeichnet. Es scheint paradox, dass ein solch umfassender Vertrag zur Kulturpolitik kaum auf die Bedeutung des Urheberrechts für kulturelles Schaffen verweist. Diese Arbeit analysiert die Wechselwirkungen zwischen kultureller Vielfalt und Urheberrecht. So wird einerseits die Rolle des Urheberrechts im UNESCO-Übereinkommen untersucht. Andererseits wird geprüft, wie die völkerrechtlichen Urheberrechtsverträge RBÜ, WCT und TRIPS auf die Förderung kultureller Vielfalt wirken. Mittels völkervertragsrechtlicher bzw. institutioneller Ansätze sowie mit Blick auf epistemische Gemeinschaften werden die auftretenden Spannungen zwischen diesen Vertragsregimen interdisziplinär bearbeitet.

New technologies and new media have significantly influenced the process of political communication. They have created new opportunities such as the great interactivity of communication, the personalization of a message or an uncountable number of possibilities for campaigning. This publication is a collection of socio-political studies which analyze the phenomenon of political communication in the 21st century. The main focus is on new media, especially on the Internet as well as on social media or social networks. However, there are also papers which examine traditional channels of political communication in the era of new technologies. Moreover, to the advantage of this book, the chapters explore the phenomenon of political communication not only in the USA and Western Europe, but also in Central Europe, Latin America and Africa.

This book presents cutting-edge research into the complex interrelationships between linguistic diversity and ideology. It provides insight into how institutions and individual stakeholders carry ideologies forward into the discursive space through policies, propaganda or individual perceptions and reflections. The chapters focus on different European localities (UK, Central Europe, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Netherlands and Italy), social actors (migrant communities, citizens, and policy-makers), and institutional contexts such as public bodies (European, national) and private enterprises. Understanding ideology as a social act of conceptualization, the book contributes to the growing interdisciplinary body of linguistic research into the social theory of meaning and change.

This volume contains the revised texts of papers given at the Nordic Prosody XI conference that was held at the University of Tartu, Estonia, in August 2012. The 42 contributions deal mainly with the prosody of Scandinavian and Finno-Ugric languages, but also of some other languages spoken within and even beyond the Baltic Sea area. The three languages that receive most attention are Swedish, Finnish and Estonian. The themes cover a wide array of aspects of prosodic research from phonetic and phonological analyses of stress, word accents, quantity, intonation and rhythm to the study of discourse functions of prosody, neurophysiological processing of prosodic features, prosodic transfer in second language acquisition, sign language prosody, and emotional and multimodal facets of prosody.