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33. Boas Goes to Americas : the Emergence of Transamerican Conceptions of Culture

Author

Klaus-Dieter, Ertler, Imbert, Patrick, Benessaieh, Afef, Klaus-Dieter, Ertler, Imbert, Patrick, and Benessaieh, Afef

Abstract

Mobility, pluralism and mixedness have for long characterized New World’s societies, particularly those of the American hemisphere, taken since their modern foundation with a heightened diversity of native, settler and migrant populations, while often constructing senses of cultural nationhood away from European models of ethnoracial unity. Capturing the uniqueness of the continent’s experiences with diversity and starting in the 20s, new ideas about ‘mestizaje’, ‘fusion’ and ‘multiculturalism’ have emerged throughout the continent, forming a pathway for the articulation of a framework of transcultural orientation proposing to reconceptualize the notion of ‘culture’ away from ‘race’, and in terms closer to Americas’ societies highly mobile dynamics. This paper discusses some of the common points in the work of leading Latin American scholars and intellectuals Manuel Gamio (Mexico, 1883-1960), Gilberto Freyre (Brazil, 1900-1987) and Fernando Ortiz (Cuba, 1881-1969), drawing parallels with current reflexions about transculturalism while centrally assessing the influence of founding anthropologist Franz Boas on an entire intellectual current redefining the concept of culture.

Published
2013

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