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Background: The changes in recent decades in the training of medical student seem to agree that the educational model for professional skills is most appropriate. The virtual simulator translates skills acquired the operating room, in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Colima noticed the need to prepare the students of pregrade transferring surgical trainees' skills in basic laparoscopic activities that require a simple cognitive effort., Objective: The hypothesis in this study was to evaluate the acquisition of skills in laparoscopic simulator in students of pregrade., Methods: Educational research, analytical comparison, which was conducted within the activities of the program of Problem Based Learning in the program of Education and Surgical Technique, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Colima., Results: All participants in the simulator achieved a significantly better during the task one after three repetitions (p= 0.001). The evaluation of final students calcification, we observed significant differences in means being lower during the initial assessment (8.60 ± 0.76) compared to the end (8.96 ± 0.58) p= 0.001., Conclusions: The acquisition of skills in the simulator is longer but at the end is better than the acquisition of skills from the traditional method, showing that leads to the acquisition of skills that promote the transfer of skills to the surgical environment.

Background: Surgical management of umbilical hernias is proposed in the vast majority of cases. The typical approaches make a semilunar incision above the umbilicus. The aim of this study is evaluate the surgical approach with two different incisions, the transumbilical approach and the infra-umbilical approach., Methods: Included in the study were 82 consecutive patients with diagnosis of umbilical hernia. Variables related to demographic characteristics, surgical operation, and cosmetic results were evaluated. Patients were randomized into two groups; transumbilical or infra-umbilical approach. Statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate complications, recurrences and aspects of the surgical scar., Results: The study included group A (42 patients) and group B (40 patients). The most frequent symptom was pain in both groups. Complications were similar in both groups with four (9.5%) in group A and eight (19%) in group B (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.17-1.61, p = 0.24). Cosmetic results were classified as good in the vast majority of patients in group A (p 0.001). No recurrences or mortality have been reported so far in both studied groups., Conclusion: We described an uncommon technique of incision with the aim of improving cosmetic results. Our results are in concordance with randomized clinical trials with the same technique with no recurrence or mortality to date. Cosmetic results in our patients using the transumbilical approach were clearly superior.

Background: Therapeutic pain is one of the most important outcome measures in surgery. Comparative studies investigating ketorolac efficiency in ambulatory surgery have generally been restricted to IV administration. We compared analgesic effectiveness of sublingual ketorolac and metamizole in short stay surgery., Methods: This was a randomized single-blind clinical trial. All patients received either a three-dose (30 mg) of sublingual ketorolac or 1 g of IV metamizole, respectively. We evaluated pain with a visual/analog scale (VAS). Side effects were also recorded. Statistical analysis included t-test or Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test or chi(2). Absolute risk reduction (ARR), odds ratio (OR), confidence interval (CI), relative risk ratio (RRR) and numbers needed to treat (NNT) were also evaluated., Results: Rescue doses of analgesics were greater in patients receiving metamizole although the difference was not significant (p = 0.286). Mean VAS score was lower in the ketorolac group at 8 h after surgery, with no statistical difference (p = 0.06). ARR for severe pain score was almost 5% (OR = 1.78). Adverse effects did not show differences between groups (p = 0.642)., Conclusions: Ketorolac and metamizole have comparable effects and can be safely used in ambulatory settings.