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Background: Nurses' clinical reasoning is of great importance for the delivery of safe and efficient care. Pressure ulcer prevention allows a variety of aspects within nursing to be viewed., Objective: The aim of this study was to describe both the process and the content of nurses' reasoning during care planning at different nursing homes, using pressure ulcer prevention as an example., Design: A qualitative research design was chosen., Settings: Seven different nursing homes within one community were included., Participants: Eleven registered nurses were interviewed., Method: The methods used were think-aloud technique, protocol analysis and qualitative content analysis. Client simulation illustrating transition was used. The case used for care planning was in three parts covering the transition from hospital until 3 weeks in the nursing home., Result: Most nurses in this study conducted direct and indirect reasoning in a wide range of areas in connection with pressure ulcer prevention. The reasoning focused different parts of the nursing process depending on part of the case. Complex assertations as well as strategies aiming to reduce cognitive strain were rare. Nurses involved in direct nursing care held a broader reasoning than consultant nurses. Both explanations and actions based on older ideas and traditions occurred., Conclusions: Reasoning concerning pressure ulcer prevention while care planning was dominated by routine thinking. Knowing the person over a period of time made a more complex reasoning possible. The nurses' experience, knowledge together with how close to the elderly the nurses work seem to be important factors that affect the content of reasoning.

Unlabelled: Fatigue is a major problem among individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), but its meaning in daily living is unclear. The aim was to describe MS-related fatigue as lived by a group of individuals diagnosed with MS. Interviews with nine individuals were analysed from a phenomenological perspective., Main Findings: MS-related fatigue is living with a time-consuming and all absorbing phenomenon, involving the body and the whole human being. Fatigue is commonly non-constructively perceived and expressed in terms of energy loss, emotional afflictions, dependency and restrictions of life in general, however, it is also constructively perceived and involves a desire to accept life and strive for a better situation., Conclusion: MS-related fatigue is a comprehensive phenomenon and its relationship with self-care requires further investigation.

The person with chronic leukaemia is living with a chronic and life-threatening disease. The aims of this study were to gain a deeper understanding of what individuals with chronic leukaemia consider QOL to be and to give the concept of QOL a theoretical and empirical significance relevant to nursing care. Fifteen adults with different forms of diagnosed chronic leukaemia have been interviewed about their experience of QOL. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using constant comparative analysis. The emerging core category was life satisfaction. Under this construct there were four categories; self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, performance ability and social ability. Changed QOL was described in two ways. First, coping was the core category for living with chronic leukaemia. The strategies were action, denial and hope. Second, QOL was seen as individual perception, experience of a positive attitude to life and self-contemplation.

The aim of this study was to investigate cultural values and ideas concerning table manners and food habits expressed by patients in geriatric care. The research approach was ethnographic. The findings exposed conflicts related to three themes. The first, "Mind your manners", demonstrated problems in managing food and objects, keeping clean, and conduct at table. The second, "Appetite for food", was connected to tradition and taste, healthy food and the need not to waste food. The third, "Be contented and do not complain", illustrated the elderly patients' socialized manners in talking about meals and food.

The purpose of the study was to describe how nurses (n = 37) planned, took care of, and documented peripheral intravenous (vein) cannulae (PIV) and what controls their way of action. Knowledge, experience, and routine were said to govern the care and handling of PIV. The nurses' intention was that a PIV should be inserted for 1-3 days, but all of them were aware of PIV being inserted considerably longer, the reasons being forgetfulness, carelessness, mistake, no one to take responsibility, bad routines and stress. Patients who had received drugs or solutions daily were given less information and furthermore the same PIV-entry was used for drugs, solutions and blood. Only one nurse documented the insertion and the removal of a PIV. The nurses' personal comments were that the area was neglected and there were great variations in the care and handling of PIV. Their task is to systematically identify the patients' needs and risk factors, and to analyse, diagnose, plan, implement and evaluate the care given. Using a standardised guide could be a way to reduce the frequency of complications in the daily care of PIV.