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Severe movement or motor disability diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cerebral palsy (CB), and muscular dystrophy (MD) are types of diseases which lead to the total of function loss of body parts, usually limbs. Patient with an extreme motor impairment might suffers a locked-in state, resulting in the difficulty to perform any physical movements. These diseases are commonly being treated by a specific rehabilitation procedure with prescribed medication. However, the recovery process is time-consuming through such treatments. To overcome these issues, Brain-Computer Interface system is introduced in which one of its modalities is to translate thought via electroencephalography (EEG) signals by the user and generating desired output directly to an external artificial control device or human augmentation. Here, phase synchronization is implemented to complement the BCI system by analyzing the phase stability between two input signals. The motor imagery-based experiment involved ten healthy subjects aged from 24 to 30 years old with balanced numbers between male and female. Two aforementioned input signals are the respective reference data and the real time data were measured by using phase stability technique by indicating values range from 0 (least stable) to 1 (most stable). Prior to that, feature extraction was utilized by applying continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to quantify significant features on the basis of motor imagery experiment which are right and left imaginations. The technique was able to segregate different classes of motor imagery task based on classification accuracy. This study affirmed the approach’s ability to achieve high accuracy output measurements.

Lie detection has been studied since a few decades ago, usually for the purpose of producing a scheme to assist in the investigation of identifying the culprit from a list of suspects. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) may be used as a method in lie detection due to its versatility and suitability. However, since its analysis is not instantaneous, a new experiment is described in this paper to overcome the problem. Additionally, a preliminary HRV classification model is designed to further enhance the classification model which is able to distinguish the lie from the truth for up to 80%.

The rapid use of ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) in various disinfection applications is growing tremendously due to their advantages unachievable using UV lamps. In this study, a comparison of standard LED at 460 nm wavelength and UVA LED at 385 nm was conducted to determine their effectiveness in disinfection of frequently isolated pathogens in hospitals (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli). Determination of disinfection efficiency was carried out by measuring inhibition zone. Effects of varied exposure time on the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms was studied. The results demonstrated that LED does not have germicidal activities. The highest inactivation for UVA LED was achieved for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Linear relationship was found between exposure time and log reduction. This study showed that UVA LEDs can effectively inactivate significantly higher number of microorganisms hence can be used in disinfection of various applications.

UV light has become an integral part of human life especially in performing wide range of disinfection. Most of the research on UVLEDs is limited to UVC region because of comparison with mercury based UV lamps which work typically at 254 nm. Limited research is found on the use of UVA-LEDs for inactivation of microorganisms in healthcare. In this study a standard 3 mm LED has been compared with 385 nm UVA-LED for inactivation of Escherichia coli. E. coli strains were swabbed on control, LED and UVA-LED petri dishes using cotton bud. The LED and UVA-LED samples were exposed to standard LED light and UVA light respectively for 1 h. The analysis of bacteria by determining Colony forming units (CFU) and log inactivation were carried out to calculate the number of colonies present in each sample. Result showed negligible to none disinfection properties in standard LED light. LED samples had CFU/ml colonies compared to control which is CFU/ml. UVA-LED samples achieved maximum inactivation and only had CFU/ml. Log inactivation results showed that LED samples observed 0.1-log inactivation whereas the UVA-LED had significant inactivation of 3.8-log inactivation corresponding to approximately 99.99 % E. coli reduction. The results demonstrate that UVA-LED at 385 nm is capable of efficiently providing inactivation of bacteria E. coli.

Magnetic resonance imaging is an important modality in the diagnosis and pathology detection. Edge detection is used for image segmentation and feature extraction as part of the medical image analysis. There is no ideal and universal algorithm which performs perfectly under all conditions. Conventional Canny edge detector is not suitable to be used in Magnetic resonance images that contaminated by Rician noise. In this paper, we propose the use of customized non-local means into the Canny edge detector instead of Gaussian smoothing in the conventional Canny edge detector to effectively remove Rician noise while preserving edges in Magnetic resonance image of an internal organ. The result shows that our method can yield better edge detection than conventional method, with minimal false edge detection. The proposed method undergoes several attempts of parameter adjustment to detect true edges successfully using optimal parameter setting.

This paper presents to develop a system of wireless power transfer for medical applications.Many surgeons use the bipolar electrosurgery system that runs on a battery for a different kind of surgery. This venture is intended to control a rechargeable cordless remote which is used in operation room/theatre. This venture is framed out from Alternating Current(AC) of 220 Volt(V) 50 Hz to 12V Direct Current(DC) then converted to 12V AC at 20 kHz in the circuit. DC battery is provided in an electrode of the 12 V bipolar electrosurgery system and the arrangement for charging battery is also prudently/properly made. The new design is an improvement based on specialists' complain regarding the visibility of wire/eletrical line of standard electrocautery instrument Theose wire always put them at risk of being tangled on the searing instrument which can burn the hand. Not only that, it also restrict their hands movement from performing surgery. The electrical wire is a weakness/disadvantage as it requires an observation of eletrical wire from the hand position to guarantee that it stays sterile amid surgical operations.