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Laboratory experiments were performed to determine the sampling rates of pesticides for the polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) used in Japan. The concentrations of pesticides in aquatic environments were estimated from the accumulated amounts of pesticide on POCIS, and the effect of water temperature on the pesticide sampling rates was evaluated. The sampling rates of 48 pesticides at 18, 24, and 30 °C were obtained, and this study confirmed that increasing trend of sampling rates was resulted with increasing water temperature for many pesticides. Laboratory experiments were performed to determine the sampling rates of pesticides used in Japan. The sampling rates of 48 pesticides at 18, 24, and 30 °C were obtained, and these temperature dependences were confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The techniques of pre- and post-embedding immunocolloidal gold electron microscopy were tesed for their usefulness for analyzing the morphogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strain LAV employing U-937 cells persistently infected with the virus (U-937/LAV). By both techniques the following results were obtained. (1) Budding process was restricted to a localized area at the membrane adjacent to the Golgi apparatus. (2) The distribution of viral envelope antigens was restricted to the electron-dense crescent structures on the cell surface. (3) Virions released from the cells could be classified mainly into 2 categories: virions with doughnut-shaped cores or with conical cores at the center of the particles. And p24 proteins localized on the thick electron-dense cores of both types. These findings support the idea that pre- and post-embedding immunogold electron microscopy is very useful for studying the morphogenesis of viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Identifies five phenolic compounds, p-hydroxyacetophenone, 5,7-dihydroxychromone, naringenin, quercetin, and isoamericanol A, in the barley tea, together with the known compounds, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and p-coumaric acid. Evaluation of antioxidative properties by measuring their peroxynitrite-scavenging activities; Stronger activities showed by 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, and isoamericanol than that of butylated hydroxytoluene at 400 µM.

Investigates 9-oxo-neoprocurcumenol from Curcuma aromatica as an attachment inhibitor against the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis galloprovincialis. Isolation of attachment inhibitors from C. aromatica; Isolation of attachment inhibitors from C. zedoaria.