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Noninvoluting congenital hemangioma is an extremely rare congenital anomaly in newborn babies and may complicate life-threatening events, including hemorrhage. We present a very rare case of noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas in an Asian and Afghan six-day-old girl that was detected at birth. The noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas were accompanied by hypovolemic shock, anemia, and prolonged jaundice during the first two weeks of life. These diseases were diagnosed by medical history, physical examination, blood analysis, and doppler ultrasonography of the skin lesions. Her hypovolemic shock and hemorrhage were improved after supportive treatment, and she was discharged from the hospital in a good condition. After four weeks of life, the hemangiomas did not regress or progress, suggesting noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas. Hemangioma may complicate severe hemorrhage and shock, as well as there may be an association between congenital hemangioma and prolonged neonatal jaundice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary aplasia is a very rare congenital anomaly identified by the absence of lung parenchyma or vessels. This malformation mostly accompanies other anomalies, and chest computed tomography (CT) is a useful diagnostic tool. We present a rare case of left lung aplasia with patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal sepsis in a term newborn baby who had respiratory distress. The clinical features were observed during the first week of life, and the diagnosis of these anomalies was established by clinical, laboratory, chest x-ray, thoracic CT and echocardiographic findings. After the management of neonatal sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus, he was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Since the index case of lung aplasia was associated with congenital heart disease and had strong parental consanguinity, a genetic basis may have been involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary aplasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prune belly syndrome (PBS) is a rare congenital malformation of unknown etiology characterized by a triad of deficient abdominal wall musculature, undescended testicles and urinary tract malformations. Most of the patients have pulmonary, cardiac, skeletal and gastrointestinal tract anomalies. Lack of abdominal muscles leads to constipation due to inability to perform Valsalva maneuver, which helps push the stool out of the rectum during the defecation. Additionally, frequent respiratory tract infections, persisting constipation and urinary tract infections lead to the development of malnutrition in children. We report this case to raise the awareness of low socioeconomic and low-resource medical settings that malnutrition could be existed or caused by PBS. We also encourage the expansion of pediatric surgery and family medicine training to increase the number of specialist (family medicine) to report and refer PBS in earlier phase, while working in rural areas and remote provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]